Al-Hashr 59:18
The Exile · Juz 28 · Page 548
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَلۡتَنظُرۡ نَفۡسٞ مَّا قَدَّمَتۡ لِغَدٖۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَبِيرُۢ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٨
O you who have believed, fear Allāh. And let every soul look to what it has put forth for tomorrow - and fear Allāh. Indeed, Allāh is Aware of what you do.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Alusi
Detailed
Change
Commentary on 59:18
﴿يا أيُّها الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ﴾ في كُلِّ ما تَأْتُونَ وتَذَرُونَ ﴿ولْتَنْظُرْ نَفْسٌ ما قَدَّمَتْ لِغَدٍ﴾ أيْ أيُّ شَيْءٍ قَدَّمَتْ مِنَ الأعْمالِ لِيَوْمِ القِيامَةِ عَبَّرَ عَنْهُ بِذَلِكَ لِدُنُوِّهِ دُنُوَّ الغَدِ مِن أمْسِهِ، أوْ لِأنَّ الدُّنْيا كَيَوْمٍ والآخِرَةَ غَدُهُ يَكُونُ فِيها أحْوالٌ غَيْرَ الأحْوالِ السّابِقَةِ، وتَنْكِيرُهُ لِتَفْخِيمِهِ وتَهْوِيلِهِ كَأنَّهُ قِيلَ: «لِغَدٍ» لا يُعْرَفُ كُنْهُهُ لِغايَةِ عِظَمِهِ، وأمّا تَنْكِيرُ نَفْسٌ فَلِاسْتِقْلالِ الأنْفُسِ النَّواظِرِ كَأنَّهُ قِيلَ: ولْتَنْظُرْ نَفْسٌ واحِدَةٌ في ذَلِكَ، وفِيهِ حَثٌّ عَظِيمٌ عَلى النَّظَرِ وتَعْيِيرٌ بِالتَّرْكِ وبِأنَّ الغَفْلَةَ قَدْ عَمَّتِ الكُلَّ فَلا أحَدَ خَلُصَ مِنها، ومِنهُ ظَهَرَ - كَما في الكَشْفِ - أنَّ جَعْلَهُ مِن قَبِيلِ قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿عَلِمَتْ نَفْسٌ ما أحْضَرَتْ﴾ [التَّكْوِيرَ: 14] غَيْرَ مُطابِقٍ لِلْمَقامِ أيْ فَهو كَما في الحَدِيثِ ««النّاسُ كَإبِلٍ مِائَةٍ لا تَجِدُ فِيها راحِلَةً»» لِأنَّ الأمْرَ بِالنَّظَرِ وإنْ عَمَّ لَكِنَّ المُؤْتَمَرَ النّاظِرَ أقَلُّ مِنَ القَلِيلِ، والمَقْصُودُ بِالتَّقْلِيلِ هو هَذا لِأنَّ المَأْمُورَ لا يَنْظُرُ إلَيْهِ ما لَمْ يَأْتَمِرْ، وجَوَّزَ ابْنُ عَطِيَّةَ أنْ يُرادَ بِغَدٍ يَوْمَ المَوْتِ، ولَيْسَ بِذاكَ، وقَرَأ أبُو حَيْوَةَ ويَحْيى بْنُ الحارِثِ - ولِتَنْظُرَ - بِكَسْرِ اللّامِ، ورُوِيَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ حَفْصٍ عَنْ عاصِمٍ، وقَرَأ الحَسَنُ بِكَسْرِها وفَتْحِ الرّاءِ جَعَلَها لامَ كَيْ، وكانَ المَعْنى ولِكَيْ تَنْظُرَ نَفْسٌ ما قَدَّمَتْ لِغَدٍ أُمِرْنا بِالتَّقْوى ﴿واتَّقُوا اللَّهَ﴾ تَكْرِيرٌ لِلتَّأْكِيدِ، أوِ الأوَّلُ في أداءِ الواجِباتِ كَما يُشْعِرُ بِهِ ما بَعْدَهُ مِنَ الأمْرِ بِالعَمَلِ وهَذا في تَرْكِ المَحارِمِ كَما يُؤْذِنُ بِهِ الوَعِيدُ بِقَوْلِهِ سُبْحانَهُ: ﴿إنَّ اللَّهَ خَبِيرٌ بِما تَعْمَلُونَ﴾ أيْ مِنَ المَعاصِي، وهَذا الوَجْهُ الثّانِي أرْجَحُ لِفَضْلِ التَّأْسِيسِ عَلى التَّأْكِيدِ، وفي وُرُودِ الأمْرَيْنِ مُطْلَقَيْنِ مِنَ الفَخامَةِ ما لا يَخْفى، وقِيلَ: إنَّ التَّقْوى شامِلَةٌ لِتَرْكِ ما يُؤَثِّمُ ولا وجْهَ وجِيهٌ لِلتَّوْزِيعِ والمَقامُ مَقامُ الِاهْتِمامِ بِأمْرِها، فالتَّأْكِيدُ أوْلى وأقْوى، وفِيهِ مَنعٌ ظاهِرٌ، وكَيْفَ لا والمُتَبادَرُ مِمّا قَدَّمْتَ أعْمالَ الخَيْرِ كَذا قِيلَ، ولَعَلَّ مَن يَقُولُ بِالتَّأْكِيدِ يَقُولُ: إنَّ قَوْلَهُ سُبْحانَهُ: ﴿إنَّ اللَّهَ خَبِيرٌ﴾ إلَخْ يَتَضَمَّنُ الوَعْدَ والوَعِيدَ ويُعَمِّمُ ما قَدَّمْتَ أيْضًا، ولَعَلَّكَ مَعَ هَذا تَمِيلُ لِلتَّأْسِيسِ.
Page 548
59:17
فَكَانَ عَٰقِبَتَهُمَآ أَنَّهُمَا فِي ٱلنَّارِ خَٰلِدَيۡنِ فِيهَاۚ وَذَٰلِكَ جَزَٰٓؤُاْ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ١٧
So the outcome for both of them is that they will be in the Fire, abiding eternally therein. And that is the recompense of the wrongdoers.
59:18
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَلۡتَنظُرۡ نَفۡسٞ مَّا قَدَّمَتۡ لِغَدٖۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَبِيرُۢ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٨
O you who have believed, fear Allāh. And let every soul look to what it has put forth for tomorrow - and fear Allāh. Indeed, Allāh is Aware of what you do.
59:19
وَلَا تَكُونُواْ كَٱلَّذِينَ نَسُواْ ٱللَّهَ فَأَنسَىٰهُمۡ أَنفُسَهُمۡۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡفَٰسِقُونَ ١٩
And be not like those who forgot Allāh, so He made them forget themselves. Those are the defiantly disobedient.
59:20
لَا يَسۡتَوِيٓ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلنَّارِ وَأَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡجَنَّةِۚ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡجَنَّةِ هُمُ ٱلۡفَآئِزُونَ ٢٠
Not equal are the companions of the Fire and the companions of Paradise. The companions of Paradise - they are the attainers [of success].
59:21
لَوۡ أَنزَلۡنَا هَٰذَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ عَلَىٰ جَبَلٖ لَّرَأَيۡتَهُۥ خَٰشِعٗا مُّتَصَدِّعٗا مِّنۡ خَشۡيَةِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَتِلۡكَ ٱلۡأَمۡثَٰلُ نَضۡرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ٢١
If We had sent down this Qur’ān upon a mountain, you would have seen it humbled and splitting from fear of Allāh. And these examples We present to the people that perhaps they will give thought.
59:22
هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَۖ عَٰلِمُ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِۖ هُوَ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٢٢
He is Allāh, other than whom there is no deity, Knower of the unseen and the witnessed.1 He is the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.
1 translator’s note
- See footnotes to 6:73. ↩
59:23
هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ٱلۡمَلِكُ ٱلۡقُدُّوسُ ٱلسَّلَٰمُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُ ٱلۡمُهَيۡمِنُ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡجَبَّارُ ٱلۡمُتَكَبِّرُۚ سُبۡحَٰنَ ٱللَّهِ عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُونَ ٢٣
He is Allāh, other than whom there is no deity, the Sovereign,1 the Pure,2 the Perfection,3 the Grantor of Security,4 the Overseer,5 the Exalted in Might,6 the Compeller,7 the Superior.8 Exalted is Allāh above whatever they associate with Him.
8 translator’s notes
And owner of everything in existence.
[1659] i.e., transcendent above any aspect belonging to His creation. Also, the possessor and grantor of blessings.
[1660] Literally, "Free" from any imperfection. Also, "Peace" or "Soundness."
[1661] And safety, i.e., reassurance that His promise is always fulfilled. Also, He who bestows faith.
[1662] i.e., who observes, guards and protects. Also, "the Criterion."
[1663] Refer to footnote in 2:129.
[1664] Whose irresistible force is without limitation; the one above all things who compels the creation to be as He wills it. Also, "the Amender" or "the Rectifier" who repairs, restores, completes or sets something right once again, out of His mercy.
[1665] Supreme, complete and perfect in His essence, attributes and actions.
↩- ↩
- ↩
- ↩
- ↩
- ↩
- ↩
- ↩
59:24
هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡخَٰلِقُ ٱلۡبَارِئُ ٱلۡمُصَوِّرُۖ لَهُ ٱلۡأَسۡمَآءُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰۚ يُسَبِّحُ لَهُۥ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٢٤
He is Allāh, the Creator,1 the Producer,2 the Fashioner;3 to Him belong the best names.4 Whatever is in the heavens and earth is exalting Him. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.5
5 translator’s notes
i.e., He who destined existence for His creation.
[1667] i.e., He who brings His creation into existence.
[1668] i.e., He who gives every creation its particular form.
[1669] Refer to the final paragraphs of the "Introduction" for a brief discussion of these attributes.
[1670] Refer to footnote in 6:18.
↩- ↩
- ↩
- ↩
- ↩