Al-Hashr 59:19
The Exile · Juz 28 · Page 548
وَلَا تَكُونُواْ كَٱلَّذِينَ نَسُواْ ٱللَّهَ فَأَنسَىٰهُمۡ أَنفُسَهُمۡۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡفَٰسِقُونَ ١٩
And be not like those who forgot Allāh, so He made them forget themselves. Those are the defiantly disobedient.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Qasimi
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Commentary on 59:19
القَوْلُ في تَأْوِيلِ قَوْلِهِ تَعالى:
[١٩] ﴿ولا تَكُونُوا كالَّذِينَ نَسُوا اللَّهَ فَأنْساهم أنْفُسَهم أُولَئِكَ هُمُ الفاسِقُونَ﴾
﴿ولا تَكُونُوا كالَّذِينَ نَسُوا اللَّهَ فَأنْساهم أنْفُسَهُمْ﴾ قالَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ: أيْ: لا تَكُونُوا كالَّذِينِ تَرَكُوا أداءَ حَقِّ اللَّهِ الَّذِي أوْجَبَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَأنْساهم حُظُوظَ أنْفُسِهِمْ مِنَ الخَيْراتِ.
وقالَ القاشانِيُّ:
﴿نَسُوا اللَّهَ﴾ أيْ: بِالِاحْتِجابِ بِالشَّهَواتِ الجُسْمانِيَّةِ، والِاشْتِغالِ بِاللَّذّاتِ النَّفْسانِيَّةِ ﴿فَأنْساهم أنْفُسَهُمْ﴾ حَتّى حَسِبُوها البَدَنَ وتَرْكِيبَهُ ومِزاجَهُ، فَذُهِلُوا عَنِ الجَوْهَرَةِ القُدْسِيَّةِ، والفِطْرِيَّةِ النُّورِيَّةِ.
وقالَ ابْنُ القَيِّمِ في "دارِ السَّعادَةِ": تَأمَّلْ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ تَجِدْ تَحْتَها مَعْنًى شَرِيفًا عَظِيمًا، وهو أنْ مَن نَسِيَ رَبَّهُ، أنْساهُ ذاتَهُ ونَفْسَهُ، فَلَمْ يَعْرِفْ حَقِيقَتَهُ ولا مَصالِحَهُ، بَلْ نَسِيَ ما بِهِ صَلاحُهُ وفَلاحُهُ، في مَعاشِهِ ومَعادِهِ، فَصارَ مُعَطَّلًا ومُهْمَلًا، بِمَنزِلَةِ الأنْعامِ السّائِبَةِ، بَلْ ورُبَّما كانَتِ الأنْعامُ أخْبَرَ بِمَصالِحِها مِنهُ، لِبَقائِها عَلى هُداها الَّذِي أعْطاها إيّاهُ خالِقُها، وأمّا هَذا فَخَرَجَ عَنْ فِطْرَتِهِ الَّتِي خُلِقَ عَلَيْها، فَنَسِيَ رَبَّهُ، فَأنْساهُ نَفْسَهُ وصِفاتِها، وما تَكْتَمِلُ بِهِ، وتَزْكُو بِهِ، وتَسْعَدُ بِهِ في مَعاشِها ومَعادِها، قالَ تَعالى:
﴿ولا تُطِعْ مَن أغْفَلْنا قَلْبَهُ عَنْ ذِكْرِنا واتَّبَعَ هَواهُ وكانَ أمْرُهُ فُرُطًا﴾ [الكهف: ٢٨] فَغَفَلَ عَنْ ذِكْرِ رَبِّهِ، فانْفَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ أمْرُهُ وقَلْبُهُ، فَلا التِفاتَ لَهُ إلى مَصالِحِهِ وكَمالِهِ، وما تَزْكُو بِهِ نَفْسُهُ وقَلْبُهُ، بَلْ هو مُشَتَّتُ القَلْبِ مُضَيَّعُهُ، مُفْرَطُ الأمْرِ، حَيْرانُ لا يَهْتَدِي سَبِيلًا، فالعِلْمُ بِاللَّهِ أصْلُ كُلِّ عِلْمٍ، وهو أصْلُ عِلْمِ العَبْدِ بِسَعادَتِهِ وكَمالِهِ، ومَصالِحِ دُنْياهُ وآخِرَتِهِ. والجَهْلُ بِهِ مُسْتَلْزِمٌ لِلْجَهْلِ بِنَفْسِهِ ومَصالِحِها وكَمالِها، وما تَزْكُو بِهِ وتَفْلَحُ بِهِ؛ فالعِلْمُ بِهِ سَعادَةُ العَبْدِ، والجَهْلُ بِهِ أصْلُ شَقاوَتِهِ. انْتَهى.
(p-٥٧٥١)﴿أُولَئِكَ هُمُ الفاسِقُونَ﴾ أيِ: الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا عَنِ الدِّينِ القَيِّمِ الَّذِي هو فِطْرَةُ اللَّهِ الَّتِي فَطَرَ النّاسَ عَلَيْها، وخانُوا وغَدَرُوا، ونَبَذُوا عَهْدَ اللَّهِ وراءَ ظُهُورِهِمْ فَخَسِرُوا.
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59:17
فَكَانَ عَٰقِبَتَهُمَآ أَنَّهُمَا فِي ٱلنَّارِ خَٰلِدَيۡنِ فِيهَاۚ وَذَٰلِكَ جَزَٰٓؤُاْ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ١٧
So the outcome for both of them is that they will be in the Fire, abiding eternally therein. And that is the recompense of the wrongdoers.
59:18
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَلۡتَنظُرۡ نَفۡسٞ مَّا قَدَّمَتۡ لِغَدٖۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَبِيرُۢ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٨
O you who have believed, fear Allāh. And let every soul look to what it has put forth for tomorrow - and fear Allāh. Indeed, Allāh is Aware of what you do.
59:19
وَلَا تَكُونُواْ كَٱلَّذِينَ نَسُواْ ٱللَّهَ فَأَنسَىٰهُمۡ أَنفُسَهُمۡۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡفَٰسِقُونَ ١٩
And be not like those who forgot Allāh, so He made them forget themselves. Those are the defiantly disobedient.
59:20
لَا يَسۡتَوِيٓ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلنَّارِ وَأَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡجَنَّةِۚ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡجَنَّةِ هُمُ ٱلۡفَآئِزُونَ ٢٠
Not equal are the companions of the Fire and the companions of Paradise. The companions of Paradise - they are the attainers [of success].
59:21
لَوۡ أَنزَلۡنَا هَٰذَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ عَلَىٰ جَبَلٖ لَّرَأَيۡتَهُۥ خَٰشِعٗا مُّتَصَدِّعٗا مِّنۡ خَشۡيَةِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَتِلۡكَ ٱلۡأَمۡثَٰلُ نَضۡرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ٢١
If We had sent down this Qur’ān upon a mountain, you would have seen it humbled and splitting from fear of Allāh. And these examples We present to the people that perhaps they will give thought.
59:22
هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَۖ عَٰلِمُ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِۖ هُوَ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٢٢
He is Allāh, other than whom there is no deity, Knower of the unseen and the witnessed.1 He is the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.
1 translator’s note
- See footnotes to 6:73. ↩
59:23
هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ٱلۡمَلِكُ ٱلۡقُدُّوسُ ٱلسَّلَٰمُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُ ٱلۡمُهَيۡمِنُ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡجَبَّارُ ٱلۡمُتَكَبِّرُۚ سُبۡحَٰنَ ٱللَّهِ عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُونَ ٢٣
He is Allāh, other than whom there is no deity, the Sovereign,1 the Pure,2 the Perfection,3 the Grantor of Security,4 the Overseer,5 the Exalted in Might,6 the Compeller,7 the Superior.8 Exalted is Allāh above whatever they associate with Him.
8 translator’s notes
And owner of everything in existence.
[1659] i.e., transcendent above any aspect belonging to His creation. Also, the possessor and grantor of blessings.
[1660] Literally, "Free" from any imperfection. Also, "Peace" or "Soundness."
[1661] And safety, i.e., reassurance that His promise is always fulfilled. Also, He who bestows faith.
[1662] i.e., who observes, guards and protects. Also, "the Criterion."
[1663] Refer to footnote in 2:129.
[1664] Whose irresistible force is without limitation; the one above all things who compels the creation to be as He wills it. Also, "the Amender" or "the Rectifier" who repairs, restores, completes or sets something right once again, out of His mercy.
[1665] Supreme, complete and perfect in His essence, attributes and actions.
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59:24
هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡخَٰلِقُ ٱلۡبَارِئُ ٱلۡمُصَوِّرُۖ لَهُ ٱلۡأَسۡمَآءُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰۚ يُسَبِّحُ لَهُۥ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٢٤
He is Allāh, the Creator,1 the Producer,2 the Fashioner;3 to Him belong the best names.4 Whatever is in the heavens and earth is exalting Him. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.5
5 translator’s notes
i.e., He who destined existence for His creation.
[1667] i.e., He who brings His creation into existence.
[1668] i.e., He who gives every creation its particular form.
[1669] Refer to the final paragraphs of the "Introduction" for a brief discussion of these attributes.
[1670] Refer to footnote in 6:18.
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