بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Al-Hashr 59:2
The Exile · Juz 28 · Page 545
هُوَ ٱلَّذِيٓ أَخۡرَجَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ مِن دِيَٰرِهِمۡ لِأَوَّلِ ٱلۡحَشۡرِۚ مَا ظَنَنتُمۡ أَن يَخۡرُجُواْۖ وَظَنُّوٓاْ أَنَّهُم مَّانِعَتُهُمۡ حُصُونُهُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ فَأَتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِنۡ حَيۡثُ لَمۡ يَحۡتَسِبُواْۖ وَقَذَفَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ ٱلرُّعۡبَۚ يُخۡرِبُونَ بُيُوتَهُم بِأَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَأَيۡدِي ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ فَٱعۡتَبِرُواْ يَٰٓأُوْلِي ٱلۡأَبۡصَٰرِ ٢
It is He who expelled the ones who disbelieved among the People of the Scripture1 from their homes at the first gathering.2 You did not think they would leave, and they thought that their fortresses would protect them from Allāh; but [the decree of] Allāh came upon them from where they had not expected, and He cast terror into their hearts [so] they destroyed their houses by their [own] hands and the hands of the believers. So take warning, O people of vision.
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Commentary on 59:2
﴿هُوَ الَّذِي﴾ مبتدأ وخبره والجملة استئنافية لا محل لها، ﴿أَخْرَجَ﴾ ماض وفاعله مستتر ﴿الَّذِينَ﴾ مفعوله والجملة صلة ﴿كَفَرُوا﴾ ماض وفاعله والجملة صلة الذين ﴿مِنْ أَهْلِ﴾ متعلقان بمحذوف حال ﴿الْكِتابِ﴾ مضاف إليه ﴿مِنْ دِيارِهِمْ﴾ متعلقان بأخرج ﴿لِأَوَّلِ﴾ متعلقان بأخرج أيضا ﴿الْحَشْرِ﴾ مضاف إليه ﴿ما﴾ نافية ﴿ظَنَنْتُمْ﴾ ماض وفاعله ﴿أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا﴾ مضارع منصوب بأن والواو فاعله والمصدر المؤول من أن والفعل سد مسد مفعولي ظننتم وجملة ظننتم استئنافية لا محل لها، ﴿وَظَنُّوا﴾ ماض وفاعله والجملة معطوفة على ما قبلها ﴿أَنَّهُمْ﴾ أن واسمها ﴿مانِعَتُهُمْ﴾ خبرها ﴿حُصُونُهُمْ﴾ فاعل مانعتهم والمصدر المؤول من أن وما بعدها سد مسد مفعولي ظنوا. ﴿مِنَ اللَّهِ﴾ متعلقان بمانعتهم ﴿فَأَتاهُمُ اللَّهُ﴾ ماض ومفعوله ولفظ الجلالة فاعله والجملة معطوفة على ما قبلها ﴿مِنْ﴾ حرف جر ﴿حَيْثُ﴾ ظرف مبني على الضم في محل جر والجار والمجرور متعلقان بأتاهم، ﴿لَمْ يَحْتَسِبُوا﴾ مضارع مجزوم بلم والواو فاعله والجملة في محل جر بالإضافة ﴿وَقَذَفَ﴾ معطوف على فأتاهم ﴿فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ﴾ متعلقان بالفعل ﴿الرُّعْبَ﴾ مفعول به، ﴿يُخْرِبُونَ﴾ مضارع وفاعله ﴿بُيُوتَهُمْ﴾ مفعوله ﴿بِأَيْدِيهِمْ﴾ متعلقان بالفعل ﴿وَأَيْدِي﴾ معطوف على أيديهم ﴿الْمُؤْمِنِينَ﴾ مضاف إليه والجملة استئنافية لا محل لها. ﴿فَاعْتَبِرُوا﴾ الفاء الفصيحة وأمر وفاعله والجملة جواب الشرط المقدر لا محل لها ﴿يا أُولِي﴾ منادى مضاف ﴿الْأَبْصارِ﴾ مضاف إليه.
Page 545
58:22
لَّا تَجِدُ قَوۡمٗا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ يُوَآدُّونَ مَنۡ حَآدَّ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَلَوۡ كَانُوٓاْ ءَابَآءَهُمۡ أَوۡ أَبۡنَآءَهُمۡ أَوۡ إِخۡوَٰنَهُمۡ أَوۡ عَشِيرَتَهُمۡۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ كَتَبَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ ٱلۡإِيمَٰنَ وَأَيَّدَهُم بِرُوحٖ مِّنۡهُۖ وَيُدۡخِلُهُمۡ جَنَّٰتٖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَاۚ رَضِيَ ٱللَّهُ عَنۡهُمۡ وَرَضُواْ عَنۡهُۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ حِزۡبُ ٱللَّهِۚ أَلَآ إِنَّ حِزۡبَ ٱللَّهِ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ ٢٢
You will not find a people who believe in Allāh and the Last Day having affection for those who oppose Allāh and His Messenger, even if they were their fathers or their sons or their brothers or their kindred. Those - He has decreed within their hearts faith and supported them with spirit1 from Him. And We will admit them to gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they abide eternally. Allāh is pleased with them, and they are pleased with Him - those are the party of Allāh. Unquestionably, the party of Allāh - they are the successful.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., "that which gives life," explained as the guidance of the Qur’ān or victory over their opponents. ↩
سورة الحشر
Al-Hashr
The Exile · Medinan · 24 ayahs
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
59:1
سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ١
Whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth exalts Allāh,1 and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
1 translator’s note
- See footnote to 57:1. ↩
59:2
هُوَ ٱلَّذِيٓ أَخۡرَجَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ مِن دِيَٰرِهِمۡ لِأَوَّلِ ٱلۡحَشۡرِۚ مَا ظَنَنتُمۡ أَن يَخۡرُجُواْۖ وَظَنُّوٓاْ أَنَّهُم مَّانِعَتُهُمۡ حُصُونُهُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ فَأَتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِنۡ حَيۡثُ لَمۡ يَحۡتَسِبُواْۖ وَقَذَفَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ ٱلرُّعۡبَۚ يُخۡرِبُونَ بُيُوتَهُم بِأَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَأَيۡدِي ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ فَٱعۡتَبِرُواْ يَٰٓأُوْلِي ٱلۡأَبۡصَٰرِ ٢
It is He who expelled the ones who disbelieved among the People of the Scripture1 from their homes at the first gathering.2 You did not think they would leave, and they thought that their fortresses would protect them from Allāh; but [the decree of] Allāh came upon them from where they had not expected, and He cast terror into their hearts [so] they destroyed their houses by their [own] hands and the hands of the believers. So take warning, O people of vision.
59:3
وَلَوۡلَآ أَن كَتَبَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡجَلَآءَ لَعَذَّبَهُمۡ فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَاۖ وَلَهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ عَذَابُ ٱلنَّارِ ٣
And if not that Allāh had decreed for them evacuation, He would have punished them in [this] world, and for them in the Hereafter is the punishment of the Fire.