Al-Hashr 59:21
The Exile · Juz 28 · Page 548
لَوۡ أَنزَلۡنَا هَٰذَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ عَلَىٰ جَبَلٖ لَّرَأَيۡتَهُۥ خَٰشِعٗا مُّتَصَدِّعٗا مِّنۡ خَشۡيَةِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَتِلۡكَ ٱلۡأَمۡثَٰلُ نَضۡرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ٢١
If We had sent down this Qur’ān upon a mountain, you would have seen it humbled and splitting from fear of Allāh. And these examples We present to the people that perhaps they will give thought.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Wahidi (al-Basit)
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Commentary on 59:21
قوله تعالى: ﴿لَوْ أَنْزَلْنَا هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ﴾ الآية. قال أبو إسحاق: أعلم الله عز وجل أن من شأن القرآن وعظمته وبيانه أنه لو جعل في الجبل تمييز كما جعل فيكم وأنزل عليه القرآن لخشع، أي: تطأطأ وخضع وتشقق من خشية الله، هذا كلامه [[انظر: "معاني القرآن" للزجاج 5/ 150.]].
والمعنى أن الجبل على قساوته وصلابته يتشقق من خشية الله وحذرًا من أن لا يؤدي حق الله في تعظيم القرآن، والكافر مستخف بحقه معرض عما فيه من العبر والذكر كأن لم يسمعها، فهو غافل عما تضمنه القرآن من تمييز الحق من الباطل، والواجب مما لا يجب، والجائز مما لا يجوز، والأولى مما ليس بأولى بأحسن البيان وأوضح البرهان، ومن وقف على هذا أوجب ذلك له الخشوع والخشية.
قال مقاتل: يقول: فالذين هم أضعف من الجبل أولى أن يأخذوا القرآن بالخشية والمخافة [[انظر: "تفسير مقاتل" 149 ب.]]، وهذا كأنه وصف للكافر بالقسوة حيث لم يلن قلبه لمواعظ القرآن الذي لو نزل على جبل لخشع، كما قال في آية أخرى: ﴿ثُمَّ قَسَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَلِكَ فَهِيَ كَالْحِجَارَةِ﴾ [البقرة: 74] الآية. وهذه الآية تمثيل، لأن الجبل لا يتصور منه الخشوع إلا أن يخلق الله له تمييزًا يدل على أنه تمثيل ﴿وَتِلْكَ الْأَمْثَالُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ﴾ قال مقاتل: ضرب الله ذلك مثلاً [[انظر: "تفسير مقاتل" 149 ب.]]، وكذلك قال غيره [[وروى نحوه عن ابن عباس، وقتادة. انظر: "جامع البيان" 28/ 35، و"تفسير القرآن العظيم" 4/ 343.]].
ثم أخبر بربوبيته وعظمته فقال:
Page 548
59:17
فَكَانَ عَٰقِبَتَهُمَآ أَنَّهُمَا فِي ٱلنَّارِ خَٰلِدَيۡنِ فِيهَاۚ وَذَٰلِكَ جَزَٰٓؤُاْ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ١٧
So the outcome for both of them is that they will be in the Fire, abiding eternally therein. And that is the recompense of the wrongdoers.
59:18
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَلۡتَنظُرۡ نَفۡسٞ مَّا قَدَّمَتۡ لِغَدٖۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَبِيرُۢ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٨
O you who have believed, fear Allāh. And let every soul look to what it has put forth for tomorrow - and fear Allāh. Indeed, Allāh is Aware of what you do.
59:19
وَلَا تَكُونُواْ كَٱلَّذِينَ نَسُواْ ٱللَّهَ فَأَنسَىٰهُمۡ أَنفُسَهُمۡۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡفَٰسِقُونَ ١٩
And be not like those who forgot Allāh, so He made them forget themselves. Those are the defiantly disobedient.
59:20
لَا يَسۡتَوِيٓ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلنَّارِ وَأَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡجَنَّةِۚ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡجَنَّةِ هُمُ ٱلۡفَآئِزُونَ ٢٠
Not equal are the companions of the Fire and the companions of Paradise. The companions of Paradise - they are the attainers [of success].
59:21
لَوۡ أَنزَلۡنَا هَٰذَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ عَلَىٰ جَبَلٖ لَّرَأَيۡتَهُۥ خَٰشِعٗا مُّتَصَدِّعٗا مِّنۡ خَشۡيَةِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَتِلۡكَ ٱلۡأَمۡثَٰلُ نَضۡرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ٢١
If We had sent down this Qur’ān upon a mountain, you would have seen it humbled and splitting from fear of Allāh. And these examples We present to the people that perhaps they will give thought.
59:22
هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَۖ عَٰلِمُ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِۖ هُوَ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٢٢
He is Allāh, other than whom there is no deity, Knower of the unseen and the witnessed.1 He is the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.
1 translator’s note
- See footnotes to 6:73. ↩
59:23
هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ٱلۡمَلِكُ ٱلۡقُدُّوسُ ٱلسَّلَٰمُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُ ٱلۡمُهَيۡمِنُ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡجَبَّارُ ٱلۡمُتَكَبِّرُۚ سُبۡحَٰنَ ٱللَّهِ عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُونَ ٢٣
He is Allāh, other than whom there is no deity, the Sovereign,1 the Pure,2 the Perfection,3 the Grantor of Security,4 the Overseer,5 the Exalted in Might,6 the Compeller,7 the Superior.8 Exalted is Allāh above whatever they associate with Him.
8 translator’s notes
And owner of everything in existence.
[1659] i.e., transcendent above any aspect belonging to His creation. Also, the possessor and grantor of blessings.
[1660] Literally, "Free" from any imperfection. Also, "Peace" or "Soundness."
[1661] And safety, i.e., reassurance that His promise is always fulfilled. Also, He who bestows faith.
[1662] i.e., who observes, guards and protects. Also, "the Criterion."
[1663] Refer to footnote in 2:129.
[1664] Whose irresistible force is without limitation; the one above all things who compels the creation to be as He wills it. Also, "the Amender" or "the Rectifier" who repairs, restores, completes or sets something right once again, out of His mercy.
[1665] Supreme, complete and perfect in His essence, attributes and actions.
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59:24
هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡخَٰلِقُ ٱلۡبَارِئُ ٱلۡمُصَوِّرُۖ لَهُ ٱلۡأَسۡمَآءُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰۚ يُسَبِّحُ لَهُۥ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٢٤
He is Allāh, the Creator,1 the Producer,2 the Fashioner;3 to Him belong the best names.4 Whatever is in the heavens and earth is exalting Him. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.5
5 translator’s notes
i.e., He who destined existence for His creation.
[1667] i.e., He who brings His creation into existence.
[1668] i.e., He who gives every creation its particular form.
[1669] Refer to the final paragraphs of the "Introduction" for a brief discussion of these attributes.
[1670] Refer to footnote in 6:18.
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