Al-A'raf 7:131
The Heights · Juz 9 · Page 166
فَإِذَا جَآءَتۡهُمُ ٱلۡحَسَنَةُ قَالُواْ لَنَا هَٰذِهِۦۖ وَإِن تُصِبۡهُمۡ سَيِّئَةٞ يَطَّيَّرُواْ بِمُوسَىٰ وَمَن مَّعَهُۥٓۗ أَلَآ إِنَّمَا طَٰٓئِرُهُمۡ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ١٣١
But when good [i.e., provision] came to them, they said, "This is ours [by right]." And if a bad [condition] struck them, they saw an evil omen in Moses and those with him. Unquestionably, their fortune is with Allāh, but most of them do not know.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Baydawi
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Commentary on 7:130–131
﴿وَلَقَدْ أخَذْنا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ بِالسِّنِينَ﴾ بِالجُدُوبِ لِقِلَّةِ الأمْطارِ والمِياهِ، والسَّنَةُ غَلَبَتْ عَلى عامِ القَحْطِ لِكَثْرَةِ ما يُذْكَرُ عَنْهُ ويُؤَرَّخُ بِهِ، ثُمَّ اشْتُقَّ مِنها فَقِيلَ أسِنَتِ القَوْمُ إذا قُحِطُوا. ﴿وَنَقْصٍ مِنَ الثَّمَراتِ﴾ بِكَثْرَةِ العاهاتِ.
﴿لَعَلَّهم يَذَّكَّرُونَ﴾ لِكَيْ يَتَنَبَّهُوا عَلى أنَّ ذَلِكَ بِشُؤْمِ كُفْرِهِمْ ومَعاصِيهِمْ فَيَتَّعِظُوا، أوْ تَرِقَّ قُلُوبُهم بِالشَّدائِدِ فَيَفْزَعُوا إلى اللَّهِ ويَرْغَبُوا فِيما عِنْدَهُ.
﴿فَإذا جاءَتْهُمُ الحَسَنَةُ﴾ مِنَ الخِصْبِ والسِّعَةِ. ﴿قالُوا لَنا هَذِهِ﴾ لِأجْلِنا ونَحْنُ مُسْتَحِقُّوها. ﴿وَإنْ تُصِبْهم سَيِّئَةٌ﴾ جَدْبٌ وبَلاءٌ. ﴿يَطَّيَّرُوا بِمُوسى ومَن مَعَهُ﴾ يَتَشاءَمُوا بِهِمْ ويَقُولُوا: ما أصابَتْنا إلّا بِشُؤْمِهِمْ، وهَذا إغْراقٌ في وصْفِهِمْ بِالغَباوَةِ والقَساوَةِ، فَإنَّ الشَّدائِدَ تُرَقِّقُ القُلُوبَ وتُذَلِّلُ العَرائِكَ وتُزِيلُ التَّماسُكَ سِيَّما بَعْدَ مُشاهَدَةِ الآياتِ، وهم لَمْ تُؤَثِّرْ فِيهِمْ بَلْ زادُوا عِنْدَها عُتُوًّا وانْهِماكًا في الغَيِّ، وإنَّما عَرَّفَ الحَسَنَةَ وذَكَّرَها مَعَ أداةِ التَّحْقِيقِ لِكَثْرَةِ وُقُوعِها، وتَعَلُّقِ الإرادَةِ بِإحْداثِها بِالذّاتِ، ونَكَّرَ السَّيِّئَةَ وأتى بِها مَعَ حَرْفِ الشَّكِّ لِنُدُورِها وعَدَمِ القَصْدِ لَها إلّا بِالتَّبَعِ. ﴿ألا إنَّما طائِرُهم عِنْدَ اللَّهِ﴾ أيْ سَبَبُ خَيْرِهِمْ وشَرِّهِمْ عِنْدَهُ وهو حُكْمُهُ ومَشِيئَتُهُ، أوْ سَبَبُ شُؤْمِهِمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وهو أعْمالُهُمُ المَكْتُوبَةُ عِنْدَهُ، فَإنَّها الَّتِي ساقَتْ إلَيْهِمْ ما يَسُوؤُهم. وقُرِئَ « إنَّما طَيْرُهم» وهو اسْمُ الجَمْعِ وقِيلَ هو جَمْعٌ. ﴿وَلَكِنَّ أكْثَرَهم لا يَعْلَمُونَ﴾ أنَّ ما يُصِيبُهم مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعالى أوْ مِن شُؤْمِ أعْمالِهِمْ.
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7:131
فَإِذَا جَآءَتۡهُمُ ٱلۡحَسَنَةُ قَالُواْ لَنَا هَٰذِهِۦۖ وَإِن تُصِبۡهُمۡ سَيِّئَةٞ يَطَّيَّرُواْ بِمُوسَىٰ وَمَن مَّعَهُۥٓۗ أَلَآ إِنَّمَا طَٰٓئِرُهُمۡ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ١٣١
But when good [i.e., provision] came to them, they said, "This is ours [by right]." And if a bad [condition] struck them, they saw an evil omen in Moses and those with him. Unquestionably, their fortune is with Allāh, but most of them do not know.
7:132
وَقَالُواْ مَهۡمَا تَأۡتِنَا بِهِۦ مِنۡ ءَايَةٖ لِّتَسۡحَرَنَا بِهَا فَمَا نَحۡنُ لَكَ بِمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٣٢
And they said, "No matter what sign you bring us with which to bewitch us, we will not be believers in you."
7:133
فَأَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلطُّوفَانَ وَٱلۡجَرَادَ وَٱلۡقُمَّلَ وَٱلضَّفَادِعَ وَٱلدَّمَ ءَايَٰتٖ مُّفَصَّلَٰتٖ فَٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ وَكَانُواْ قَوۡمٗا مُّجۡرِمِينَ ١٣٣
So We sent upon them the flood and locusts and lice and frogs and blood as distinct signs, but they were arrogant and were a criminal people.
7:134
وَلَمَّا وَقَعَ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلرِّجۡزُ قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَى ٱدۡعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ بِمَا عَهِدَ عِندَكَۖ لَئِن كَشَفۡتَ عَنَّا ٱلرِّجۡزَ لَنُؤۡمِنَنَّ لَكَ وَلَنُرۡسِلَنَّ مَعَكَ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ١٣٤
And when the punishment descended upon them, they said, "O Moses, invoke for us your Lord by what He has promised you. If you [can] remove the punishment from us, we will surely believe you, and we will send with you the Children of Israel."
7:135
فَلَمَّا كَشَفۡنَا عَنۡهُمُ ٱلرِّجۡزَ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ هُم بَٰلِغُوهُ إِذَا هُمۡ يَنكُثُونَ ١٣٥
But when We removed the punishment from them until a term which they were to reach,1 then at once they broke their word.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., a specified term which would end with their reversion to disobedience and disbelief. ↩
7:136
فَٱنتَقَمۡنَا مِنۡهُمۡ فَأَغۡرَقۡنَٰهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡيَمِّ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَكَانُواْ عَنۡهَا غَٰفِلِينَ ١٣٦
So We took retribution from them, and We drowned them in the sea because they denied Our signs and were heedless of them.
7:137
وَأَوۡرَثۡنَا ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَانُواْ يُسۡتَضۡعَفُونَ مَشَٰرِقَ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَغَٰرِبَهَا ٱلَّتِي بَٰرَكۡنَا فِيهَاۖ وَتَمَّتۡ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ عَلَىٰ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ بِمَا صَبَرُواْۖ وَدَمَّرۡنَا مَا كَانَ يَصۡنَعُ فِرۡعَوۡنُ وَقَوۡمُهُۥ وَمَا كَانُواْ يَعۡرِشُونَ ١٣٧
And We caused the people who had been oppressed to inherit the eastern regions of the land and the western ones, which We had blessed. And the good word [i.e., decree] of your Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel because of what they had patiently endured. And We destroyed [all] that Pharaoh and his people were producing and what they had been building.