Al-A'raf 7:137
The Heights · Juz 9 · Page 166
وَأَوۡرَثۡنَا ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَانُواْ يُسۡتَضۡعَفُونَ مَشَٰرِقَ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَغَٰرِبَهَا ٱلَّتِي بَٰرَكۡنَا فِيهَاۖ وَتَمَّتۡ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ عَلَىٰ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ بِمَا صَبَرُواْۖ وَدَمَّرۡنَا مَا كَانَ يَصۡنَعُ فِرۡعَوۡنُ وَقَوۡمُهُۥ وَمَا كَانُواْ يَعۡرِشُونَ ١٣٧
And We caused the people who had been oppressed to inherit the eastern regions of the land and the western ones, which We had blessed. And the good word [i.e., decree] of your Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel because of what they had patiently endured. And We destroyed [all] that Pharaoh and his people were producing and what they had been building.
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Commentary on 7:137
﴿وَأَوْرَثْنَا الْقَوْمَ﴾ فعل ماض وفاعله ومفعوله الأول. والجملة معطوفة. ﴿الَّذِينَ﴾ اسم موصول في محل نصب صفة. ﴿كانُوا﴾ كان والواو اسمها. ﴿يُسْتَضْعَفُونَ﴾ مضارع مبني للمجهول مرفوع بثبوت النون والواو نائب فاعل. والجملة في محل نصب خبر. وجملة كانوا يستضعفون صلة الموصول. ﴿مَشارِقَ﴾ مفعول به ثان. ﴿الْأَرْضِ﴾ مضاف إليه. ﴿وَمَغارِبَهَا﴾ عطف على مشارق ﴿الَّتِي﴾ اسم موصول مبني على السكون في محل نصب صفة. ﴿بارَكْنا﴾ فعل ماض، ونا فاعله ﴿فِيها﴾ متعلقان بباركنا والجملة صلة. ﴿وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَتُ﴾ فعل ماض وفاعله، والتاء للتأنيث. ﴿رَبِّكَ﴾ مضاف إليه. ﴿الْحُسْنى﴾ صفة كلمة مرفوعة وعلامة رفعها الضمة المقدرة على الألف للتعذر ﴿عَلى﴾ حرف جر. ﴿بَنِي﴾ اسم مجرور وعلامة جره الياء لأنه ملحق بجمع المذكر السالم، وحذفت النون للإضافة، ﴿إِسْرائِيلَ﴾ مضاف إليه مجرور بالفتحة، ممنوع من الصرف للعلمية والعجمة. ﴿بِما﴾ ما مصدرية مؤولة مع الفعل بعدها ﴿صَبَرُوا﴾ بمصدر في محل جر بالباء والجار والمجرور متعلقان بالفعل تمت.
﴿وَدَمَّرْنا﴾ فعل ماض وفاعل. ﴿ما﴾ اسم موصول مبني على السكون في محل نصب مفعول به والجملة معطوفة.
﴿كانَ﴾ فعل ماض ناقص واسمها ضمير مستتر. ﴿يَصْنَعُ فِرْعَوْنُ﴾ فعل مضارع وفاعل. ﴿وَقَوْمُهُ﴾ عطف على فرعون. والجملة في محل نصب خبر كان.. وجملة كان واسمها وخبرها صلة الموصول لا محل لها. ﴿وَما كانُوا يَعْرِشُونَ﴾ عطف.
Page 166
7:131
فَإِذَا جَآءَتۡهُمُ ٱلۡحَسَنَةُ قَالُواْ لَنَا هَٰذِهِۦۖ وَإِن تُصِبۡهُمۡ سَيِّئَةٞ يَطَّيَّرُواْ بِمُوسَىٰ وَمَن مَّعَهُۥٓۗ أَلَآ إِنَّمَا طَٰٓئِرُهُمۡ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ١٣١
But when good [i.e., provision] came to them, they said, "This is ours [by right]." And if a bad [condition] struck them, they saw an evil omen in Moses and those with him. Unquestionably, their fortune is with Allāh, but most of them do not know.
7:132
وَقَالُواْ مَهۡمَا تَأۡتِنَا بِهِۦ مِنۡ ءَايَةٖ لِّتَسۡحَرَنَا بِهَا فَمَا نَحۡنُ لَكَ بِمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٣٢
And they said, "No matter what sign you bring us with which to bewitch us, we will not be believers in you."
7:133
فَأَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلطُّوفَانَ وَٱلۡجَرَادَ وَٱلۡقُمَّلَ وَٱلضَّفَادِعَ وَٱلدَّمَ ءَايَٰتٖ مُّفَصَّلَٰتٖ فَٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ وَكَانُواْ قَوۡمٗا مُّجۡرِمِينَ ١٣٣
So We sent upon them the flood and locusts and lice and frogs and blood as distinct signs, but they were arrogant and were a criminal people.
7:134
وَلَمَّا وَقَعَ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلرِّجۡزُ قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَى ٱدۡعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ بِمَا عَهِدَ عِندَكَۖ لَئِن كَشَفۡتَ عَنَّا ٱلرِّجۡزَ لَنُؤۡمِنَنَّ لَكَ وَلَنُرۡسِلَنَّ مَعَكَ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ١٣٤
And when the punishment descended upon them, they said, "O Moses, invoke for us your Lord by what He has promised you. If you [can] remove the punishment from us, we will surely believe you, and we will send with you the Children of Israel."
7:135
فَلَمَّا كَشَفۡنَا عَنۡهُمُ ٱلرِّجۡزَ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ هُم بَٰلِغُوهُ إِذَا هُمۡ يَنكُثُونَ ١٣٥
But when We removed the punishment from them until a term which they were to reach,1 then at once they broke their word.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., a specified term which would end with their reversion to disobedience and disbelief. ↩
7:136
فَٱنتَقَمۡنَا مِنۡهُمۡ فَأَغۡرَقۡنَٰهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡيَمِّ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَكَانُواْ عَنۡهَا غَٰفِلِينَ ١٣٦
So We took retribution from them, and We drowned them in the sea because they denied Our signs and were heedless of them.
7:137
وَأَوۡرَثۡنَا ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَانُواْ يُسۡتَضۡعَفُونَ مَشَٰرِقَ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَغَٰرِبَهَا ٱلَّتِي بَٰرَكۡنَا فِيهَاۖ وَتَمَّتۡ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ عَلَىٰ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ بِمَا صَبَرُواْۖ وَدَمَّرۡنَا مَا كَانَ يَصۡنَعُ فِرۡعَوۡنُ وَقَوۡمُهُۥ وَمَا كَانُواْ يَعۡرِشُونَ ١٣٧
And We caused the people who had been oppressed to inherit the eastern regions of the land and the western ones, which We had blessed. And the good word [i.e., decree] of your Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel because of what they had patiently endured. And We destroyed [all] that Pharaoh and his people were producing and what they had been building.