Al-A'raf 7:138
The Heights · Juz 9 · Page 167
وَجَٰوَزۡنَا بِبَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ٱلۡبَحۡرَ فَأَتَوۡاْ عَلَىٰ قَوۡمٖ يَعۡكُفُونَ عَلَىٰٓ أَصۡنَامٖ لَّهُمۡۚ قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَى ٱجۡعَل لَّنَآ إِلَٰهٗا كَمَا لَهُمۡ ءَالِهَةٞۚ قَالَ إِنَّكُمۡ قَوۡمٞ تَجۡهَلُونَ ١٣٨
And We took the Children of Israel across the sea; then they came upon a people intent in devotion to [some] idols of theirs. They [the Children of Israel] said, "O Moses, make for us a god just as they have gods." He said, "Indeed, you are a people behaving ignorantly.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Abu as-Su'ud
Detailed
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Commentary on 7:138
وَقَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وجَلَّ: ﴿وَجاوَزْنا بِبَنِي إسْرائِيلَ البَحْرَ﴾ شُرُوعٌ في قِصَّةِ بَنِي إسْرائِيلَ، وشَرْحِ ما أحْدَثُوهُ مِنَ الأُمُورِ الشَّنِيعَةِ بَعْدَ أنْ أنْقَذَهُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وجَلَّ مِن مَلَكَةِ فِرْعَوْنَ، ومَنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ النِّعَمِ العِظامِ المُوجِبَةِ لِلشُّكْرِ، وأراهم مِنَ الآياتِ الكِبارِ ما تَخِرُّ لَهُ شُمُّ الجِبالِ، تَسْلِيَةً لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وإيقاظًا لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَتّى لا يَغْفُلُوا عَنْ مُحاسَبَةِ أنْفُسِهِمْ ومُراقَبَةِ أحْوالِهِمْ.
وَجاوَزَ بِمَعْنى جازَ، وقُرِئَ: ( جَوَّزْنا ) بِالتَّشْدِيدِ، وهو أيْضًا بِمَعْنى جازَ، فَعُدِّيَ بِالباءِ؛ أيْ: قَطَعْنا بِهِمُ البَحْرَ. رُوِيَ أنَّهُ عَبَرَ بِهِمْ مُوسى عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ يَوْمَ عاشُوراءَ بَعْدَ ما أهْلَكَ اللَّهُ تَعالى فِرْعَوْنَ، فَصامُوهُ شُكْرًا لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وجَلَّ.
﴿فَأتَوْا﴾؛ أيْ: مَرُّوا.
﴿عَلى قَوْمٍ﴾ قِيلَ: كانُوا مِن لَخْمٍ، وقِيلَ: مِنَ العَمالِقَةِ الكَنْعانِيِّينَ الَّذِينَ أُمِرَ مُوسى عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ بِقِتالِهِمْ.
﴿يَعْكُفُونَ عَلى أصْنامٍ لَهُمْ﴾؛ أيْ: يُواظِبُونَ عَلى عِبادَتِها ويُلازِمُونَها، وقُرِئَ بِكَسْرِ الكافِ. قالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ: كانَتْ أصْنامُهم تَماثِيلَ بَقَرٍ، وهو أوَّلُ شَأْنِ العِجْلِ.
﴿قالُوا﴾ عِنْدَ ما شاهَدُوا أحْوالَهم.
﴿يا مُوسى اجْعَلْ لَنا إلَهًا﴾ مِثالًا نَعْبُدُهُ.
﴿كَما لَهم آلِهَةٌ﴾ الكافُ مُتَعَلِّقَةٌ بِمَحْذُوفٍ وقَعَ صِفَةً لَإلَهًا، وما مَوْصُولَةٌ، ولَهم صِلَتُها، وآلِهَةٌ بَدَلٌ مِن ما، والتَّقْدِيرُ: اجْعَلْ لَنا إلَهًا كائِنًا كالَّذِي اسْتَقَرَّ هو لَهم.
﴿قالَ إنَّكم قَوْمٌ تَجْهَلُونَ﴾ تَعَجَّبَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ مِن قَوْلِهِمْ هَذا إثْرَ ما شاهَدُوا مِنَ الآيَةِ الكُبْرى والمُعْجِزَةِ العُظْمى، فَوَصَفَهم بِالجَهْلِ المُطْلَقِ؛ إذْ لا جَهْلَ أعْظَمُ مِمّا ظَهَرَ مِنهم.
Page 167
7:138
وَجَٰوَزۡنَا بِبَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ٱلۡبَحۡرَ فَأَتَوۡاْ عَلَىٰ قَوۡمٖ يَعۡكُفُونَ عَلَىٰٓ أَصۡنَامٖ لَّهُمۡۚ قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَى ٱجۡعَل لَّنَآ إِلَٰهٗا كَمَا لَهُمۡ ءَالِهَةٞۚ قَالَ إِنَّكُمۡ قَوۡمٞ تَجۡهَلُونَ ١٣٨
And We took the Children of Israel across the sea; then they came upon a people intent in devotion to [some] idols of theirs. They [the Children of Israel] said, "O Moses, make for us a god just as they have gods." He said, "Indeed, you are a people behaving ignorantly.
7:139
إِنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ مُتَبَّرٞ مَّا هُمۡ فِيهِ وَبَٰطِلٞ مَّا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٣٩
Indeed, those [worshippers] - destroyed is that in which they are [engaged], and worthless is whatever they were doing."
7:140
قَالَ أَغَيۡرَ ٱللَّهِ أَبۡغِيكُمۡ إِلَٰهٗا وَهُوَ فَضَّلَكُمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٤٠
He said, "Is it other than Allāh I should desire for you as a god1 while He has preferred you over the worlds?"
1 translator’s note
- An object of worship. ↩
7:141
وَإِذۡ أَنجَيۡنَٰكُم مِّنۡ ءَالِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ يَسُومُونَكُمۡ سُوٓءَ ٱلۡعَذَابِ يُقَتِّلُونَ أَبۡنَآءَكُمۡ وَيَسۡتَحۡيُونَ نِسَآءَكُمۡۚ وَفِي ذَٰلِكُم بَلَآءٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ عَظِيمٞ ١٤١
And [recall, O Children of Israel], when We saved you from the people of Pharaoh, [who were] afflicting you with the worst torment - killing your sons and keeping your women alive. And in that was a great trial from your Lord.
7:142
۞ وَوَٰعَدۡنَا مُوسَىٰ ثَلَٰثِينَ لَيۡلَةٗ وَأَتۡمَمۡنَٰهَا بِعَشۡرٖ فَتَمَّ مِيقَٰتُ رَبِّهِۦٓ أَرۡبَعِينَ لَيۡلَةٗۚ وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِأَخِيهِ هَٰرُونَ ٱخۡلُفۡنِي فِي قَوۡمِي وَأَصۡلِحۡ وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ سَبِيلَ ٱلۡمُفۡسِدِينَ ١٤٢
And We made an appointment with Moses for thirty nights and perfected them by [the addition of] ten; so the term of his Lord was completed as forty nights. And Moses said to his brother Aaron, "Take my place among my people, do right [by them],1 and do not follow the way of the corrupters."
1 translator’s note
- i.e., keep their affairs in order. ↩
7:143
وَلَمَّا جَآءَ مُوسَىٰ لِمِيقَٰتِنَا وَكَلَّمَهُۥ رَبُّهُۥ قَالَ رَبِّ أَرِنِيٓ أَنظُرۡ إِلَيۡكَۚ قَالَ لَن تَرَىٰنِي وَلَٰكِنِ ٱنظُرۡ إِلَى ٱلۡجَبَلِ فَإِنِ ٱسۡتَقَرَّ مَكَانَهُۥ فَسَوۡفَ تَرَىٰنِيۚ فَلَمَّا تَجَلَّىٰ رَبُّهُۥ لِلۡجَبَلِ جَعَلَهُۥ دَكّٗا وَخَرَّ مُوسَىٰ صَعِقٗاۚ فَلَمَّآ أَفَاقَ قَالَ سُبۡحَٰنَكَ تُبۡتُ إِلَيۡكَ وَأَنَا۠ أَوَّلُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٤٣
And when Moses arrived at Our appointed time and his Lord spoke to him, he said, "My Lord, show me [Yourself] that I may look at You." [Allāh] said, "You will not see Me,1 but look at the mountain; if it should remain in place, then you will see Me." But when his Lord appeared to the mountain, He rendered it level,2 and Moses fell unconscious. And when he awoke, he said, "Exalted are You! I have repented to You, and I am the first [among my people] of the believers."3