Al-A'raf 7:149
The Heights · Juz 9 · Page 168
وَلَمَّا سُقِطَ فِيٓ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَرَأَوۡاْ أَنَّهُمۡ قَدۡ ضَلُّواْ قَالُواْ لَئِن لَّمۡ يَرۡحَمۡنَا رَبُّنَا وَيَغۡفِرۡ لَنَا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ ١٤٩
And when regret overcame them1 and they saw that they had gone astray, they said, "If our Lord does not have mercy upon us and forgive us, we will surely be among the losers."
1 translator’s note
- Literally, "When their hands had been descended upon," i.e., bitten by them out of severe regret. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Abu as-Su'ud
Detailed
Change
Commentary on 7:149
﴿وَلَمّا سُقِطَ في أيْدِيهِمْ﴾؛ أيْ: نَدِمُوا عَلى ما فَعَلُوهُ غايَةَ النَّدَمِ، فَإنَّ ذَلِكَ كِنايَةٌ عَنْهُ؛ لِأنَّ النّادِمَ المُتَحَسِّرَ يَعَضُّ يَدَهُ غَمًّا، فَتَصِيرُ يَدُهُ مَسْقُوطًا فِيها، وقُرِئَ: ( سَقَطَ ) عَلى البِناءِ لِلْفاعِلِ بِمَعْنى: وقَعَ العَضُّ فِيها، فاليَدُ حَقِيقَةٌ. وقالَ الزَّجّاجُ: مَعْناهُ: سَقَطَ النَّدَمُ في أنْفُسِهِمْ، إمّا بِطْرِيقِ الِاسْتِعارَةِ بِالكِنايَةِ، أوْ بِطْرِيقِ التَّمْثِيلِ.
﴿وَرَأوْا أنَّهم قَدْ ضَلُّوا﴾ بِاتِّخاذِ العِجْلِ؛ أيْ: تَبَيَّنُوا بِحَيْثُ تَيَقَّنُوا بِذَلِكَ، حَتّى كَأنَّهم رَأوْهُ بِأعْيُنِهِمْ، وتَقْدِيمُ ذِكْرِ نَدَمِهِمْ عَلى هَذِهِ الرُّؤْيَةِ مَعَ كَوْنِهِ مُتَأخِّرًا عَنْها، لِلْمُسارَعَةِ إلى بَيانِهِ، والإشْعارِ بِغايَةِ سُرْعَتِهِ، كَأنَّهُ سابِقٌ عَلى الرُّؤْيَةِ.
﴿قالُوا﴾ واللَّهِ.
﴿لَئِنْ لَمْ يَرْحَمْنا رَبُّنا﴾ بِإنْزالِ التَّوْبَةِ المُكَفِّرَةِ.
﴿وَيَغْفِرْ لَنا﴾ ذُنُوبَنا بِالتَّجاوُزِ عَنْ خَطِيئَتِنا، وتَقْدِيمُ الرَّحْمَةِ عَلى المَغْفِرَةِ، مَعَ أنَّ التَّخْلِيَةَ حَقُّها أنْ تُقَدَّمَ عَلى التَّحْلِيَةِ، إمّا لِلْمُسارَعَةِ إلى ما هو المَقْصُودُ الأصْلِيُّ، وإمّا لِأنَّ المُرادَ بِالرَّحْمَةِ: مُطْلَقُ إرادَةِ الخَيْرِ بِهِمْ، وهو مَبْدَأٌ لِإنْزالِ التَّوْبَةِ المُكَفِّرَةِ لِذُنُوبِهِمْ.
واللّامُ في " لَئِنْ " مُوَطِّئَةٌ لِلْقَسَمِ كَما أُشِيرَ إلَيْهِ، وفي قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الخاسِرِينَ﴾ لِجَوابِ القَسَمِ، وما حُكِيَ عَنْهم مِنَ النَّدامَةِ والرُّؤْيَةِ والقَوْلِ، وإنْ كانَ بَعْدَ (p-274)ما رَجَعَ مُوسى عَلَيْهِ الصَّلاةُ والسَّلامُ إلَيْهِمْ، كَما يَنْطِقُ بِهِ الآياتُ الوارِدَةُ في سُورَةِ طَهَ، لَكِنْ أُرِيدَ بِتَقْدِيمِهِ عَلَيْهِ حِكايَةُ ما صَدَرَ عَنْهم مِنَ القَوْلِ والفِعْلِ في مَوْضِعٍ واحِدٍ.
Page 168
7:144
قَالَ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنِّي ٱصۡطَفَيۡتُكَ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ بِرِسَٰلَٰتِي وَبِكَلَٰمِي فَخُذۡ مَآ ءَاتَيۡتُكَ وَكُن مِّنَ ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ ١٤٤
[Allāh] said, "O Moses, I have chosen you over the people with My messages and My words [to you]. So take what I have given you and be among the grateful."
7:145
وَكَتَبۡنَا لَهُۥ فِي ٱلۡأَلۡوَاحِ مِن كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ مَّوۡعِظَةٗ وَتَفۡصِيلٗا لِّكُلِّ شَيۡءٖ فَخُذۡهَا بِقُوَّةٖ وَأۡمُرۡ قَوۡمَكَ يَأۡخُذُواْ بِأَحۡسَنِهَاۚ سَأُوْرِيكُمۡ دَارَ ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ ١٤٥
And We wrote for him on the tablets [something] of all things - instruction and explanation for all things, [saying], "Take them with determination and order your people to take the best of it. I will show you the home of the defiantly disobedient."1
1 translator’s note
- This is a severe warning from Allāh against rebellion. ↩
7:146
سَأَصۡرِفُ عَنۡ ءَايَٰتِيَ ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَكَبَّرُونَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ بِغَيۡرِ ٱلۡحَقِّ وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ كُلَّ ءَايَةٖ لَّا يُؤۡمِنُواْ بِهَا وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ سَبِيلَ ٱلرُّشۡدِ لَا يَتَّخِذُوهُ سَبِيلٗا وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ سَبِيلَ ٱلۡغَيِّ يَتَّخِذُوهُ سَبِيلٗاۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَكَانُواْ عَنۡهَا غَٰفِلِينَ ١٤٦
I will turn away from My signs those who are arrogant upon the earth without right; and if they should see every sign, they will not believe in it. And if they see the way of consciousness,1 they will not adopt it as a way; but if they see the way of error, they will adopt it as a way. That is because they have denied Our signs and they were heedless of them.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., reason and integrity. ↩
7:147
وَٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَلِقَآءِ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ حَبِطَتۡ أَعۡمَٰلُهُمۡۚ هَلۡ يُجۡزَوۡنَ إِلَّا مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٤٧
Those who denied Our signs and the meeting of the Hereafter - their deeds have become worthless. Are they recompensed except for what they used to do?
7:148
وَٱتَّخَذَ قَوۡمُ مُوسَىٰ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦ مِنۡ حُلِيِّهِمۡ عِجۡلٗا جَسَدٗا لَّهُۥ خُوَارٌۚ أَلَمۡ يَرَوۡاْ أَنَّهُۥ لَا يُكَلِّمُهُمۡ وَلَا يَهۡدِيهِمۡ سَبِيلًاۘ ٱتَّخَذُوهُ وَكَانُواْ ظَٰلِمِينَ ١٤٨
And the people of Moses made, after [his departure], from their ornaments a calf - an image having a lowing sound. Did they not see that it could neither speak to them nor guide them to a way? They took it [for worship], and they were wrongdoers.
7:149
وَلَمَّا سُقِطَ فِيٓ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَرَأَوۡاْ أَنَّهُمۡ قَدۡ ضَلُّواْ قَالُواْ لَئِن لَّمۡ يَرۡحَمۡنَا رَبُّنَا وَيَغۡفِرۡ لَنَا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ ١٤٩
And when regret overcame them1 and they saw that they had gone astray, they said, "If our Lord does not have mercy upon us and forgive us, we will surely be among the losers."
1 translator’s note
- Literally, "When their hands had been descended upon," i.e., bitten by them out of severe regret. ↩