Al-A'raf 7:160
The Heights · Juz 9 · Page 171
وَقَطَّعۡنَٰهُمُ ٱثۡنَتَيۡ عَشۡرَةَ أَسۡبَاطًا أُمَمٗاۚ وَأَوۡحَيۡنَآ إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰٓ إِذِ ٱسۡتَسۡقَىٰهُ قَوۡمُهُۥٓ أَنِ ٱضۡرِب بِّعَصَاكَ ٱلۡحَجَرَۖ فَٱنۢبَجَسَتۡ مِنۡهُ ٱثۡنَتَا عَشۡرَةَ عَيۡنٗاۖ قَدۡ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُنَاسٖ مَّشۡرَبَهُمۡۚ وَظَلَّلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡغَمَٰمَ وَأَنزَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡمَنَّ وَٱلسَّلۡوَىٰۖ كُلُواْ مِن طَيِّبَٰتِ مَا رَزَقۡنَٰكُمۡۚ وَمَا ظَلَمُونَا وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ١٦٠
And We divided them into twelve descendant tribes1 [as distinct] nations. And We inspired to Moses when his people implored him for water, "Strike with your staff the stone," and there gushed forth from it twelve springs. Every people [i.e., tribe] knew its watering place. And We shaded them with clouds and sent down upon them manna and quails, [saying], "Eat from the good things with which We have provided you." And they wronged Us not, but they were [only] wronging themselves.
1 translator’s note
- From the twelve sons of Jacob. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
An-Nasafi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 7:160
﴿وَقَطَّعْناهُمُ﴾ وصَيَّرْناهم قِطَعًا، أيْ: فِرَقًا، ومَيَّزْنا بَعْضَهم مِن بَعْضٍ ﴿اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ أسْباطًا﴾ كَقَوْلِكَ: اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ قَبِيلَةً، والأسْباطُ: أوْلادُ الوَلَدِ، جَمْعُ سِبْطٍ وكانُوا اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ قَبِيلَةً مِنِ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ ولَدًا مَن ولَدِ يَعْقُوبَ عَلَيْهِ السَلامُ، نَعَمْ، مُمَيِّزُ ما عَدا العَشْرَةَ مُفْرَدٌ، فَكانَ يَنْبَغِي أنْ يُقالَ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ سِبْطًا، لَكِنَّ المُرادَ: وقَطَّعْناهُمُ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ قَبِيلَةً، وكُلُّ قَبِيلَةٍ أسْباطٌ لا سِبْطٌ، فَوُضِعَ أسْباطٌ مَوْضِعَ قَبِيلَةٍ ﴿أُمَمًا﴾ بَدَلٌ مِنِ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ، أيْ: وقَطَّعْناهم أُمَمًا، لِأنَّ كُلَّ أسْباطٍ كانَتْ أُمَّةً عَظِيمَةً، وكُلَّ واحِدَةٍ كانَتْ تَؤُمُّ خِلافَ ما تَؤُمُّهُ الأُخْرى ﴿وَأوْحَيْنا إلى مُوسى إذِ اسْتَسْقاهُ قَوْمُهُ أنِ اضْرِبْ بِعَصاكَ الحَجَرَ﴾ فَضَرَبَ (p-٦١٢)﴿فانْبَجَسَتْ﴾ فانْفَجَرَتْ ﴿مِنهُ اثْنَتا عَشْرَةَ عَيْنًا قَدْ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُناسٍ مَشْرَبَهُمْ﴾ هو اسْمُ جَمْعٍ غَيْرُ تَكْسِيرٍ ﴿وَظَلَّلْنا عَلَيْكُمُ الغَمامَ﴾ وجَعَلْناهُ ظَلِيلًا عَلَيْهِمْ في التِيهِ ﴿وَأنْـزَلْنا عَلَيْهِمُ المَنَّ والسَلْوى﴾ وقُلْنا لَهُمْ: ﴿كُلُوا مِن طَيِّباتِ ما رَزَقْناكم وما ظَلَمُونا﴾ أيْ: وما رَجَعَ إلَيْنا ضَرَرُ ظُلْمِهِمْ بِكُفْرانِهِمُ النِعَمَ ﴿وَلَكِنْ كانُوا أنْفُسَهم يَظْلِمُونَ﴾ ولَكِنْ كانُوا يَضُرُّونَ أنْفُسَهُمْ، ويَرْجِعُ وبالُ ظُلْمِهِمْ إلَيْهِمْ.
Page 171
7:160
وَقَطَّعۡنَٰهُمُ ٱثۡنَتَيۡ عَشۡرَةَ أَسۡبَاطًا أُمَمٗاۚ وَأَوۡحَيۡنَآ إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰٓ إِذِ ٱسۡتَسۡقَىٰهُ قَوۡمُهُۥٓ أَنِ ٱضۡرِب بِّعَصَاكَ ٱلۡحَجَرَۖ فَٱنۢبَجَسَتۡ مِنۡهُ ٱثۡنَتَا عَشۡرَةَ عَيۡنٗاۖ قَدۡ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُنَاسٖ مَّشۡرَبَهُمۡۚ وَظَلَّلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡغَمَٰمَ وَأَنزَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡمَنَّ وَٱلسَّلۡوَىٰۖ كُلُواْ مِن طَيِّبَٰتِ مَا رَزَقۡنَٰكُمۡۚ وَمَا ظَلَمُونَا وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ١٦٠
And We divided them into twelve descendant tribes1 [as distinct] nations. And We inspired to Moses when his people implored him for water, "Strike with your staff the stone," and there gushed forth from it twelve springs. Every people [i.e., tribe] knew its watering place. And We shaded them with clouds and sent down upon them manna and quails, [saying], "Eat from the good things with which We have provided you." And they wronged Us not, but they were [only] wronging themselves.
1 translator’s note
- From the twelve sons of Jacob. ↩
7:161
وَإِذۡ قِيلَ لَهُمُ ٱسۡكُنُواْ هَٰذِهِ ٱلۡقَرۡيَةَ وَكُلُواْ مِنۡهَا حَيۡثُ شِئۡتُمۡ وَقُولُواْ حِطَّةٞ وَٱدۡخُلُواْ ٱلۡبَابَ سُجَّدٗا نَّغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡ خَطِيٓـَٰٔتِكُمۡۚ سَنَزِيدُ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ١٦١
And [mention, O Muḥammad], when it was said to them, "Dwell in this city [i.e., Jerusalem] and eat from it wherever you will and say, 'Relieve us of our burdens [i.e., sins],' and enter the gate bowing humbly; We will [then] forgive you your sins. We will increase the doers of good [in goodness and reward]."
7:162
فَبَدَّلَ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ قَوۡلًا غَيۡرَ ٱلَّذِي قِيلَ لَهُمۡ فَأَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ رِجۡزٗا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَظۡلِمُونَ ١٦٢
But those who wronged among them changed [the words] to a statement other than that which had been said to them. So We sent upon them a punishment from the sky for the wrong that they were doing.
7:163
وَسۡـَٔلۡهُمۡ عَنِ ٱلۡقَرۡيَةِ ٱلَّتِي كَانَتۡ حَاضِرَةَ ٱلۡبَحۡرِ إِذۡ يَعۡدُونَ فِي ٱلسَّبۡتِ إِذۡ تَأۡتِيهِمۡ حِيتَانُهُمۡ يَوۡمَ سَبۡتِهِمۡ شُرَّعٗا وَيَوۡمَ لَا يَسۡبِتُونَ لَا تَأۡتِيهِمۡۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نَبۡلُوهُم بِمَا كَانُواْ يَفۡسُقُونَ ١٦٣
And ask them about the town that was by the sea - when they transgressed in [the matter of] the sabbath - when their fish came to them openly on their sabbath day, and the day they had no sabbath they did not come to them. Thus did We give them trial because they were defiantly disobedient.