Al-A'raf 7:163
The Heights · Juz 9 · Page 171
وَسۡـَٔلۡهُمۡ عَنِ ٱلۡقَرۡيَةِ ٱلَّتِي كَانَتۡ حَاضِرَةَ ٱلۡبَحۡرِ إِذۡ يَعۡدُونَ فِي ٱلسَّبۡتِ إِذۡ تَأۡتِيهِمۡ حِيتَانُهُمۡ يَوۡمَ سَبۡتِهِمۡ شُرَّعٗا وَيَوۡمَ لَا يَسۡبِتُونَ لَا تَأۡتِيهِمۡۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نَبۡلُوهُم بِمَا كَانُواْ يَفۡسُقُونَ ١٦٣
And ask them about the town that was by the sea - when they transgressed in [the matter of] the sabbath - when their fish came to them openly on their sabbath day, and the day they had no sabbath they did not come to them. Thus did We give them trial because they were defiantly disobedient.
Tafsir · in Arabic
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Commentary on 7:163
﴿وَسْئَلْهُمْ عَنِ الْقَرْيَةِ﴾ فعل أمر تعلق به الجار والمجرور والهاء مفعوله وفاعله مستتر، والجملة مستأنفة.
﴿الَّتِي﴾ اسم موصول في محل جر صفة. ﴿كانَتْ حاضِرَةَ﴾ كان واسمها ضمير مستتر وحاضرة خبرها.
﴿الْبَحْرِ﴾ مضاف إليه. ﴿إِذْ﴾ ظرف لما مضى من الزمان متعلق بحاضرة. ﴿يَعْدُونَ فِي السَّبْتِ﴾ فعل مضارع تعلق به الجار والمجرور والواو فاعله والجملة في محل جر بالإضافة. ﴿إِذْ﴾ ظرف متعلق بيعدون أو بدل من إذ الأولى. ﴿تَأْتِيهِمْ حِيتانُهُمْ﴾ فعل مضارع ومفعوله وفاعله والجملة في محل جر بالإضافة. ﴿يَوْمَ﴾ ظرف زمان متعلق بالفعل. ﴿سَبْتِهِمْ﴾ مضاف إليه. ﴿شُرَّعاً﴾ حال. ﴿وَيَوْمَ﴾ عطف.
وجملة ﴿لا يَسْبِتُونَ﴾ الجملة في محل جر بالإضافة وجملة ﴿لا تَأْتِيهِمْ﴾ في محل نصب حال. ﴿كَذلِكَ﴾ جار ومجرور متعلقان بمحذوف صفة لمفعول مطلق محذوف: التقدير ﴿نَبْلُوهُمْ﴾ بلاء كائنا كذلك البلاء. ﴿نَبْلُوهُمْ﴾ مضارع وفاعله ومفعوله ﴿بِما﴾ مصدرية والمصدر المؤول منها ومن الفعل الذي بعدها في محل جر بالباء والجار والمجرور متعلقان بالفعل نبلوهم. ﴿كانُوا﴾ الجملة صلة وجملة ﴿يَفْسُقُونَ﴾ في محل نصب خبر كانوا.
Page 171
7:160
وَقَطَّعۡنَٰهُمُ ٱثۡنَتَيۡ عَشۡرَةَ أَسۡبَاطًا أُمَمٗاۚ وَأَوۡحَيۡنَآ إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰٓ إِذِ ٱسۡتَسۡقَىٰهُ قَوۡمُهُۥٓ أَنِ ٱضۡرِب بِّعَصَاكَ ٱلۡحَجَرَۖ فَٱنۢبَجَسَتۡ مِنۡهُ ٱثۡنَتَا عَشۡرَةَ عَيۡنٗاۖ قَدۡ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُنَاسٖ مَّشۡرَبَهُمۡۚ وَظَلَّلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡغَمَٰمَ وَأَنزَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡمَنَّ وَٱلسَّلۡوَىٰۖ كُلُواْ مِن طَيِّبَٰتِ مَا رَزَقۡنَٰكُمۡۚ وَمَا ظَلَمُونَا وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ١٦٠
And We divided them into twelve descendant tribes1 [as distinct] nations. And We inspired to Moses when his people implored him for water, "Strike with your staff the stone," and there gushed forth from it twelve springs. Every people [i.e., tribe] knew its watering place. And We shaded them with clouds and sent down upon them manna and quails, [saying], "Eat from the good things with which We have provided you." And they wronged Us not, but they were [only] wronging themselves.
1 translator’s note
- From the twelve sons of Jacob. ↩
7:161
وَإِذۡ قِيلَ لَهُمُ ٱسۡكُنُواْ هَٰذِهِ ٱلۡقَرۡيَةَ وَكُلُواْ مِنۡهَا حَيۡثُ شِئۡتُمۡ وَقُولُواْ حِطَّةٞ وَٱدۡخُلُواْ ٱلۡبَابَ سُجَّدٗا نَّغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡ خَطِيٓـَٰٔتِكُمۡۚ سَنَزِيدُ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ١٦١
And [mention, O Muḥammad], when it was said to them, "Dwell in this city [i.e., Jerusalem] and eat from it wherever you will and say, 'Relieve us of our burdens [i.e., sins],' and enter the gate bowing humbly; We will [then] forgive you your sins. We will increase the doers of good [in goodness and reward]."
7:162
فَبَدَّلَ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ قَوۡلًا غَيۡرَ ٱلَّذِي قِيلَ لَهُمۡ فَأَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ رِجۡزٗا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَظۡلِمُونَ ١٦٢
But those who wronged among them changed [the words] to a statement other than that which had been said to them. So We sent upon them a punishment from the sky for the wrong that they were doing.
7:163
وَسۡـَٔلۡهُمۡ عَنِ ٱلۡقَرۡيَةِ ٱلَّتِي كَانَتۡ حَاضِرَةَ ٱلۡبَحۡرِ إِذۡ يَعۡدُونَ فِي ٱلسَّبۡتِ إِذۡ تَأۡتِيهِمۡ حِيتَانُهُمۡ يَوۡمَ سَبۡتِهِمۡ شُرَّعٗا وَيَوۡمَ لَا يَسۡبِتُونَ لَا تَأۡتِيهِمۡۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نَبۡلُوهُم بِمَا كَانُواْ يَفۡسُقُونَ ١٦٣
And ask them about the town that was by the sea - when they transgressed in [the matter of] the sabbath - when their fish came to them openly on their sabbath day, and the day they had no sabbath they did not come to them. Thus did We give them trial because they were defiantly disobedient.