Al-A'raf 7:165
The Heights · Juz 9 · Page 172
فَلَمَّا نَسُواْ مَا ذُكِّرُواْ بِهِۦٓ أَنجَيۡنَا ٱلَّذِينَ يَنۡهَوۡنَ عَنِ ٱلسُّوٓءِ وَأَخَذۡنَا ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ بِعَذَابِۭ بَـِٔيسِۭ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَفۡسُقُونَ ١٦٥
And when they [i.e., those advised] forgot that by which they had been reminded, We saved those who had forbidden evil and seized those who wronged, with a wretched punishment, because they were defiantly disobeying.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Abu as-Su'ud
Detailed
Change
Commentary on 7:165
﴿فَلَمّا نَسُوا ما ذُكِّرُوا بِهِ﴾؛ أيْ: تَرَكُوا ما ذَكَّرَهم بِهِ صُلَحاؤُهم تَرْكَ النّاسِي لِلشَّيْءِ، وأعْرَضُوا عَنْهُ إعْراضًا كُلِّيًّا، بِحَيْثُ لَمْ يَخْطُرْ بِبالِهِمْ شَيْءٌ مِن تِلْكَ المَواعِظِ أصْلًا.
﴿أنْجَيْنا الَّذِينَ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ السُّوءِ﴾ وهُمُ الفَرِيقانِ المَذْكُورانِ، وإخْراجُ إنْجائِهِمْ مُخْرَجَ الجَوابِ الَّذِي حَقُّهُ التَّرَتُّبُ عَلى الشَّرْطِ، وهو نِسْيانُ المُعْتَدِينَ المُسْتَتْبِعُ لِإهْلاكِهِمْ، لِما أنَّ ما في حَيِّزِ الشَّرْطِ شَيْآنِ: النِّسْيانِ والتَّذْكِيرِ، كَأنَّهُ قِيلَ: فَلَمّا ذَكَّرَ المُذَكِّرُونَ ولَمْ يَتَذَكَّرِ المُعْتَدُونَ، أنْجَيْنا الأوَّلِينَ وأخَذْنا الآخَرِينَ، وأمّا تَصْدِيرُ الجَوابِ بِإنْجائِهِمْ فَلِما مَرَّ مِرارًا مِنَ المُسارَعَةِ إلى بَيانِ نَجاتِهِمْ مِن أوَّلِ الأمْرِ مَعَ ما في المُؤَخَّرِ مِن نَوْعِ طُولٍ.
﴿وَأخَذْنا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا﴾ بِالِاعْتِداءِ ومُخالَفَةِ الأمْرِ.
﴿بِعَذابٍ بَئِيسٍ﴾ أيْ: شَدِيدٍ، وزْنًا ومَعْنًى، مِن بَؤُسَ يَبْؤُسُ بَأسًا: إذا اشْتَدَّ، وقُرِئَ: ( بَيْئِسٍ ) عَلى وزْنِ فَيْعِلٍ، بِفَتْحِ العَيْنِ وكَسْرِها، وبِئِسٍ كَحَذِرٍ عَلى تَخْفِيفِ العَيْنِ، ونَقْلِ حَرَكَتِها إلى الفاءِ كَكِبِدٍ في كَبِدٍ، وبَيِيسٍ بِقَلْبِ الهَمْزَةِ ياءً كَذِيبٍ في ذِئْبٍ، وبَيِّسٍ كَرَيِّسٍ بِقَلْبِ هَمْزَةِ بَئِيسٍ ياءً وإدْغامِ الياءِ فِيها، وبَيْسٍ عَلى تَخْفِيفِ بَيِّسٍ كَهَيْنٍ في هَيِّنٍ، وتَنْكِيرُ العَذابِ لِلتَّفْخِيمِ والتَّهْوِيلِ.
﴿بِما كانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ﴾ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِأخَذْنا كالباءِ الأُولى، ولا ضَيْرَ فِيهِ لِاخْتِلافِهِما مَعْنًى؛ أيْ: أخَذْناهم بِما ذُكِرَ مِنَ العَذابِ بِسَبَبِ تَمادِيهِمْ في الفِسْقِ، الَّذِي هو الخُرُوجُ عَنِ الطّاعَةِ، وهو الظُّلْمُ والعُدْوانُ أيْضًا، وإجْراءُ الحُكْمِ عَلى المَوْصُولِ، وإنْ أشْعَرَ بِعِلِّيَّةِ ما في حَيِّزِ الصِّلَةِ لَهُ، لَكِنَّهُ صَرَّحَ بِالتَّعْلِيلِ المَذْكُورِ إيذانًا بِأنَّ العِلَّةَ هو الِاسْتِمْرارُ عَلى الظُّلْمِ والعُدْوانِ، مَعَ اعْتِبارِ كَوْنِ ذَلِكَ خُرُوجًا عَنْ طاعَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وجَلَّ لا نَفْسَ الظُّلْمِ والعُدْوانِ، وإلّا لَما أُخِّرُوا عَنِ ابْتِداءِ المُباشَرَةِ ساعَةً.
Page 172
7:164
وَإِذۡ قَالَتۡ أُمَّةٞ مِّنۡهُمۡ لِمَ تَعِظُونَ قَوۡمًا ٱللَّهُ مُهۡلِكُهُمۡ أَوۡ مُعَذِّبُهُمۡ عَذَابٗا شَدِيدٗاۖ قَالُواْ مَعۡذِرَةً إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُمۡ وَلَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَّقُونَ ١٦٤
And when a community among them said, "Why do you advise [or warn] a people whom Allāh is [about] to destroy or to punish with a severe punishment?" they [the advisors] said, "To be absolved before your Lord and perhaps they may fear Him."
7:165
فَلَمَّا نَسُواْ مَا ذُكِّرُواْ بِهِۦٓ أَنجَيۡنَا ٱلَّذِينَ يَنۡهَوۡنَ عَنِ ٱلسُّوٓءِ وَأَخَذۡنَا ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ بِعَذَابِۭ بَـِٔيسِۭ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَفۡسُقُونَ ١٦٥
And when they [i.e., those advised] forgot that by which they had been reminded, We saved those who had forbidden evil and seized those who wronged, with a wretched punishment, because they were defiantly disobeying.
7:166
فَلَمَّا عَتَوۡاْ عَن مَّا نُهُواْ عَنۡهُ قُلۡنَا لَهُمۡ كُونُواْ قِرَدَةً خَٰسِـِٔينَ ١٦٦
So when they were insolent about that which they had been forbidden, We said to them, "Be apes, despised."
7:167
وَإِذۡ تَأَذَّنَ رَبُّكَ لَيَبۡعَثَنَّ عَلَيۡهِمۡ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ مَن يَسُومُهُمۡ سُوٓءَ ٱلۡعَذَابِۗ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَسَرِيعُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ وَإِنَّهُۥ لَغَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ١٦٧
And [mention] when your Lord declared that He would surely [continue to] send upon them until the Day of Resurrection those who would afflict them with the worst torment. Indeed, your Lord is swift in penalty; but indeed, He is Forgiving and Merciful.
7:168
وَقَطَّعۡنَٰهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ أُمَمٗاۖ مِّنۡهُمُ ٱلصَّٰلِحُونَ وَمِنۡهُمۡ دُونَ ذَٰلِكَۖ وَبَلَوۡنَٰهُم بِٱلۡحَسَنَٰتِ وَٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَرۡجِعُونَ ١٦٨
And We divided them throughout the earth into nations. Of them some were righteous, and of them some were otherwise. And We tested them with good [times] and bad that perhaps they would return [to obedience].
7:169
فَخَلَفَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِمۡ خَلۡفٞ وَرِثُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ يَأۡخُذُونَ عَرَضَ هَٰذَا ٱلۡأَدۡنَىٰ وَيَقُولُونَ سَيُغۡفَرُ لَنَا وَإِن يَأۡتِهِمۡ عَرَضٞ مِّثۡلُهُۥ يَأۡخُذُوهُۚ أَلَمۡ يُؤۡخَذۡ عَلَيۡهِم مِّيثَٰقُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ أَن لَّا يَقُولُواْ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ إِلَّا ٱلۡحَقَّ وَدَرَسُواْ مَا فِيهِۗ وَٱلدَّارُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةُ خَيۡرٞ لِّلَّذِينَ يَتَّقُونَۚ أَفَلَا تَعۡقِلُونَ ١٦٩
And there followed them successors who inherited the Scripture [while] taking the commodities1 of this lower life and saying, "It will be forgiven for us." And if an offer like it2 comes to them, they will [again] take it. Was not the covenant of the Scripture [i.e., the Torah] taken from them that they would not say about Allāh except the truth, and they studied what was in it? And the home of the Hereafter is better for those who fear Allāh, so will you not use reason?
7:170
وَٱلَّذِينَ يُمَسِّكُونَ بِٱلۡكِتَٰبِ وَأَقَامُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ إِنَّا لَا نُضِيعُ أَجۡرَ ٱلۡمُصۡلِحِينَ ١٧٠
But those who hold fast to the Book [i.e., the Qur’ān] and establish prayer - indeed, We will not allow to be lost the reward of the reformers.