Al-A'raf 7:176
The Heights · Juz 9 · Page 173
وَلَوۡ شِئۡنَا لَرَفَعۡنَٰهُ بِهَا وَلَٰكِنَّهُۥٓ أَخۡلَدَ إِلَى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَٱتَّبَعَ هَوَىٰهُۚ فَمَثَلُهُۥ كَمَثَلِ ٱلۡكَلۡبِ إِن تَحۡمِلۡ عَلَيۡهِ يَلۡهَثۡ أَوۡ تَتۡرُكۡهُ يَلۡهَثۚ ذَّٰلِكَ مَثَلُ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَاۚ فَٱقۡصُصِ ٱلۡقَصَصَ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ١٧٦
And if We had willed, We could have elevated him thereby,1 but he adhered [instead] to the earth2 and followed his own desire. So his example is like that of the dog: if you chase him, he pants, or if you leave him, he [still] pants. That is the example of the people who denied Our signs.3 So relate the stories that perhaps they will give thought.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ad-Da''as
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Commentary on 7:176
﴿وَلَوْ﴾ لو شرطية غير جازمة. ﴿شِئْنا﴾ فعل ماض وفاعل والجملة مستأنفة. ﴿لَرَفَعْناهُ﴾ فعل ماض وفاعله ومفعوله، واللام واقعة في جواب الشرط والجملة لا محل لها جواب شرط غير جازم. ﴿بِها﴾ ﴿وَلكِنَّهُ﴾ لكن والهاء اسمها والجملة الفعلية ﴿أَخْلَدَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ﴾ خبرها، والجملة الاسمية ولكنه معطوفة، وكذلك جملة ﴿وَاتَّبَعَ هَواهُ﴾ معطوفة. ﴿فَمَثَلُهُ﴾ مبتدأ والهاء في محل جر بالإضافة والفاء استئنافية. ﴿كَمَثَلِ﴾ متعلقان بمحذوف خبر المبتدأ. ﴿الْكَلْبِ﴾ مضاف إليه والجملة مستأنفة. ﴿إِنْ﴾ حرف جازم يجزم فعلين مضارعين. ﴿تَحْمِلْ﴾ مضارع مجزوم لأنه فعل الشرط تعلق به الجار والمجرور وفاعله أنت والجملة في محل نصب حال. ﴿يَلْهَثْ﴾ مضارع مجزوم جواب الشرط وفاعله ضمير مستتر والجملة لا محل لها لأنها جواب شرط غير جازم لم يقترن بالفاء أو إذا الفجائية. ﴿أَوْ تَتْرُكْهُ يَلْهَثْ﴾ عطف. ﴿ذلِكَ﴾ اسم إشارة في محل رفع مبتدأ واللام للبعد والكاف حرف خطاب. ﴿مَثَلُ﴾ خبره. ﴿الْقَوْمِ﴾ مضاف إليه. ﴿الَّذِينَ﴾ اسم موصول في محل جر صفة والجملة مستأنفة لا محل لها. ﴿كَذَّبُوا﴾ فعل ماض وفاعله. ﴿بِآياتِنا﴾ متعلقان بكذبوا والجملة صلة الموصول. ﴿فَاقْصُصِ﴾ فعل أمر وفاعله ضمير مستتر، والفاء هي الفصيحة. ﴿الْقَصَصَ﴾ مفعول به والجملة لا محل لها جواب شرط غير جازم مقدر: إذا عرفت ذلك فاقصص القصص.. وجملة ﴿لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ﴾ تعليلية لا محل لها وجملة يتفكرون خبر لعل.
Page 173
7:171
۞ وَإِذۡ نَتَقۡنَا ٱلۡجَبَلَ فَوۡقَهُمۡ كَأَنَّهُۥ ظُلَّةٞ وَظَنُّوٓاْ أَنَّهُۥ وَاقِعُۢ بِهِمۡ خُذُواْ مَآ ءَاتَيۡنَٰكُم بِقُوَّةٖ وَٱذۡكُرُواْ مَا فِيهِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَتَّقُونَ ١٧١
And [mention] when We raised the mountain above them as if it was a dark cloud and they were certain that it would fall upon them,1 [and Allāh said], "Take what We have given you with determination and remember what is in it that you might fear Allāh."
1 translator’s note
- For their rebellion and disobedience. ↩
7:172
وَإِذۡ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنۢ بَنِيٓ ءَادَمَ مِن ظُهُورِهِمۡ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمۡ وَأَشۡهَدَهُمۡ عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ أَلَسۡتُ بِرَبِّكُمۡۖ قَالُواْ بَلَىٰ شَهِدۡنَآۚ أَن تَقُولُواْ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنۡ هَٰذَا غَٰفِلِينَ ١٧٢
And [mention] when your Lord took from the children of Adam - from their loins - their descendants and made them testify of themselves, [saying to them], "Am I not your Lord?" They said, "Yes, we have testified." [This] - lest you should say on the Day of Resurrection, "Indeed, we were of this unaware."
7:173
أَوۡ تَقُولُوٓاْ إِنَّمَآ أَشۡرَكَ ءَابَآؤُنَا مِن قَبۡلُ وَكُنَّا ذُرِّيَّةٗ مِّنۢ بَعۡدِهِمۡۖ أَفَتُهۡلِكُنَا بِمَا فَعَلَ ٱلۡمُبۡطِلُونَ ١٧٣
Or [lest] you say, "It was only that our fathers associated [others in worship] with Allāh before, and we were but descendants after them. Then would You destroy us for what the falsifiers have done?"
7:174
وَكَذَٰلِكَ نُفَصِّلُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِ وَلَعَلَّهُمۡ يَرۡجِعُونَ ١٧٤
And thus do We [explain in] detail the verses, and perhaps they will return.1
1 translator’s note
- To the way of Allāh (subḥānahu wa taʿālā), from their diversions and deviations. ↩
7:175
وَٱتۡلُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ نَبَأَ ٱلَّذِيٓ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ ءَايَٰتِنَا فَٱنسَلَخَ مِنۡهَا فَأَتۡبَعَهُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ فَكَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡغَاوِينَ ١٧٥
And recite to them, [O Muḥammad], the news of him1 to whom We gave [knowledge of] Our signs, but he detached himself from them; so Satan pursued him, and he became of the deviators.2
7:176
وَلَوۡ شِئۡنَا لَرَفَعۡنَٰهُ بِهَا وَلَٰكِنَّهُۥٓ أَخۡلَدَ إِلَى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَٱتَّبَعَ هَوَىٰهُۚ فَمَثَلُهُۥ كَمَثَلِ ٱلۡكَلۡبِ إِن تَحۡمِلۡ عَلَيۡهِ يَلۡهَثۡ أَوۡ تَتۡرُكۡهُ يَلۡهَثۚ ذَّٰلِكَ مَثَلُ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَاۚ فَٱقۡصُصِ ٱلۡقَصَصَ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ١٧٦
And if We had willed, We could have elevated him thereby,1 but he adhered [instead] to the earth2 and followed his own desire. So his example is like that of the dog: if you chase him, he pants, or if you leave him, he [still] pants. That is the example of the people who denied Our signs.3 So relate the stories that perhaps they will give thought.
7:177
سَآءَ مَثَلًا ٱلۡقَوۡمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَأَنفُسَهُمۡ كَانُواْ يَظۡلِمُونَ ١٧٧
How evil an example [is that of] the people who denied Our signs and used to wrong themselves.
7:178
مَن يَهۡدِ ٱللَّهُ فَهُوَ ٱلۡمُهۡتَدِيۖ وَمَن يُضۡلِلۡ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡخَٰسِرُونَ ١٧٨
Whoever Allāh guides - he is the [rightly] guided; and whoever He sends astray1 - it is those who are the losers.
1 translator’s note
- As a result of persistence in evil and rejection of truth. ↩