Al-A'rafJuz 9 · Page 173

Al-A'raf 7:176

The Heights · Juz 9 · Page 173

وَلَوۡ شِئۡنَا لَرَفَعۡنَٰهُ بِهَا وَلَٰكِنَّهُۥٓ أَخۡلَدَ إِلَى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَٱتَّبَعَ هَوَىٰهُۚ فَمَثَلُهُۥ كَمَثَلِ ٱلۡكَلۡبِ إِن تَحۡمِلۡ عَلَيۡهِ يَلۡهَثۡ أَوۡ تَتۡرُكۡهُ يَلۡهَثۚ ذَّٰلِكَ مَثَلُ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَاۚ فَٱقۡصُصِ ٱلۡقَصَصَ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ١٧٦

And if We had willed, We could have elevated him thereby,1 but he adhered [instead] to the earth2 and followed his own desire. So his example is like that of the dog: if you chase him, he pants, or if you leave him, he [still] pants. That is the example of the people who denied Our signs.3 So relate the stories that perhaps they will give thought.

3 translator’s notes
  1. i.e., through the revelations, signs or evidences of which he had been given knowledge.

    [421] i.e., its worldly pleasures.

    [422] Whether or not they have been exposed to Allāh's signs or warnings, it is all the same: they will not believe.

    ↩
  2. ↩
  3. ↩

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Commentary on 7:176

قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿وَلَوْ شِئْنا لَرَفَعْناهُ بِها﴾ في هاءِ الكِنايَةِ في "رَفَعْناهُ" قَوْلانِ. (p-٢٩٠)أحَدُهُما: أنَّها تَعُودُ إلى الإنْسانِ المَذْكُورِ، وهو قَوْلُ الجُمْهُورِ؛ فَيَكُونُ المَعْنى: ولَوْ شِئْنا لَرَفَعْنا مَنزِلَةَ هَذا الإنْسانِ بِما عَلِمْناهُ.

والثّانِي: أنَّها تَعُودُ إلى الكُفْرِ بِالآَياتِ، فَيَكُونُ المَعْنى: لَوْ شِئْنا لَرَفَعْنا عَنْهُ الكُفْرَ بِآَياتِنا، وهَذا المَعْنى مَرْوِيٌّ عَنْ مُجاهِدٍ. وقالَ الزَّجّاجُ: لَوْ شِئْنا لَحُلْنا بَيْنَهُ وبَيْنَ المَعْصِيَةِ.

قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿وَلَكِنَّهُ أخْلَدَ إلى الأرْضِ﴾ أيْ: رَكَنَ إلى الدُّنْيا وسَكَنَ. قالَ الزَّجّاجُ: يُقالُ: أخْلَدَ وخُلِّدَ، والأوَّلُ أكْثَرُ في اللُّغَةِ. والأرْضُ هاهُنا عِبارَةٌ عَنِ الدُّنْيا، لِأنَّ الدُّنْيا هي الأرْضُ بِما عَلَيْها. وفي مَعْنى الكَلامِ قَوْلانِ.

أحَدُهُما: أنَّهُ رَكَنَ إلى أهْلِ الدُّنْيا، ويُقالُ: إنَّهُ أرْضى امْرَأتَهُ بِذَلِكَ، لِأنَّها حَمَلَتْهُ عَلَيْهِ. وقِيلَ: أُرْضِي بَنِي عَمِّهِ وقَوْمِهِ.

والثّانِي: أنَّهُ رَكَنَ إلى شَهَواتِ الدُّنْيا؛ وقَدْ بَيَّنَ ذَلِكَ بِقَوْلِهِ: ﴿واتَّبَعَ هَواهُ﴾ والمَعْنى أنَّهُ انْقادَ لَمّا دَعاهُ إلَيْهِ الهَوى. قالَ ابْنُ زَيْدٍ: كانَ هَواهُ مَعَ قَوْمِهِ. وهَذِهِ الآَيَةُ مِن أشَدِّ الآَياتِ عَلى أهْلِ العِلْمِ إذْ مالُوا عَنِ العِلْمِ إلى الهَوى.

قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿فَمَثَلُهُ كَمَثَلِ الكَلْبِ إنْ تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْهِ يَلْهَثْ أوْ تَتْرُكْهُ يَلْهَثْ﴾ مَعْناهُ: أنَّ هَذا الكافِرَ، إنْ زَجَرْتَهُ لَمْ يَنْزَجِرْ، وإنْ تَرَكْتَهُ لَمْ يَهْتَدِ، فالحالَتانِ عِنْدَهُ سَواءٌ كَحالَتَيِ الكَلْبِ، فَإنَّهُ إنْ طُرِدَ وحُمِلَ عَلَيْهِ بِالطَّرْدِ كانَ لاهِثًا، وإنْ تُرِكَ ورُبِضَ كانَ أيْضًا لاهِثًا، والتَّشْبِيهُ بِالكَلْبِ اللّاهِثِ خاصَّةً؛ فالمَعْنى: فَمَثَلُهُ كَمَثَلِ الكَلْبِ لاهِثًا؛ وإنَّما شَبَّهَهُ بِالكَلْبِ اللّاهِثِ، لِأنَّهُ أخَسُّ الأمْثالِ عَلى أخَسِّ الحالاتِ وأبْشَعِها. وقالَ ابْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ: كُلُّ لاهِثٍ إنَّما يَلْهَثُ مِن إعْياءٍ أوْ عَطَشٍ، إلّا الكَلْبُ، فَإنَّهُ يَلْهَثُ في حالِ راحَتِهِ وحالِ كَلالِهِ، فَضَرَبَهُ اللَّهُ مَثَلًا لِمَن كَذَّبَ بِآَياتِهِ، فَقالَ: إنْ (p-٢٩١)وَعَظْتَهُ فَهو ضالٌّ، وإنْ لَمْ تَعِظْهُ فَهو ضالٌّ، كالكَلْبِ إنْ طَرَدْتَهُ وزَجَرْتَهُ فَسَعى لَهَثَ، أوْ تَرَكْتَهُ عَلى حالِهِ رابِضًا لَهَثَ. قالَ المُفَسِّرُونَ: زَجَرَ في مَنامِهِ عَنِ الدُّعاءِ عَلى بَنِي إسْرائِيلَ فَلَمْ يَنْزَجِرْ، وخاطَبَتْهُ أتانُهُ فَلَمْ يَنْتَهِ، فَضَرَبَ لَهُ هَذا المَثَلَ ولِسائِرِ الكُفّارِ؛ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ: ﴿ذَلِكَ مَثَلُ القَوْمِ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآياتِنا﴾ لِأنَّ الكافِرَ إنْ وعَظْتَهُ فَهو ضالٌّ، وإنْ تَرَكْتَهُ فَهو ضالٌّ؛ وهو مَعَ إرْسالِ الرُّسُلِ إلَيْهِ كَمَن لَمْ يَأْتِهِ رَسُولٌ ولا بَيِّنَةٌ.

قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿فاقْصُصِ القَصَصَ﴾ قالَ عَطاءٌ قَصَصُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وكَذَّبُوا أنْبِياءَهم.

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Page 173

Al-A'rafJuz 9 · Page 173

7:171

۞ وَإِذۡ نَتَقۡنَا ٱلۡجَبَلَ فَوۡقَهُمۡ كَأَنَّهُۥ ظُلَّةٞ وَظَنُّوٓاْ أَنَّهُۥ وَاقِعُۢ بِهِمۡ خُذُواْ مَآ ءَاتَيۡنَٰكُم بِقُوَّةٖ وَٱذۡكُرُواْ مَا فِيهِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَتَّقُونَ ١٧١

And [mention] when We raised the mountain above them as if it was a dark cloud and they were certain that it would fall upon them,1 [and Allāh said], "Take what We have given you with determination and remember what is in it that you might fear Allāh."

1 translator’s note
  1. For their rebellion and disobedience. ↩

7:172

وَإِذۡ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنۢ بَنِيٓ ءَادَمَ مِن ظُهُورِهِمۡ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمۡ وَأَشۡهَدَهُمۡ عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ أَلَسۡتُ بِرَبِّكُمۡۖ قَالُواْ بَلَىٰ شَهِدۡنَآۚ أَن تَقُولُواْ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنۡ هَٰذَا غَٰفِلِينَ ١٧٢

And [mention] when your Lord took from the children of Adam - from their loins - their descendants and made them testify of themselves, [saying to them], "Am I not your Lord?" They said, "Yes, we have testified." [This] - lest you should say on the Day of Resurrection, "Indeed, we were of this unaware."

7:173

أَوۡ تَقُولُوٓاْ إِنَّمَآ أَشۡرَكَ ءَابَآؤُنَا مِن قَبۡلُ وَكُنَّا ذُرِّيَّةٗ مِّنۢ بَعۡدِهِمۡۖ أَفَتُهۡلِكُنَا بِمَا فَعَلَ ٱلۡمُبۡطِلُونَ ١٧٣

Or [lest] you say, "It was only that our fathers associated [others in worship] with Allāh before, and we were but descendants after them. Then would You destroy us for what the falsifiers have done?"

7:174

وَكَذَٰلِكَ نُفَصِّلُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِ وَلَعَلَّهُمۡ يَرۡجِعُونَ ١٧٤

And thus do We [explain in] detail the verses, and perhaps they will return.1

1 translator’s note
  1. To the way of Allāh (subḥānahu wa taʿālā), from their diversions and deviations. ↩

7:175

وَٱتۡلُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ نَبَأَ ٱلَّذِيٓ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ ءَايَٰتِنَا فَٱنسَلَخَ مِنۡهَا فَأَتۡبَعَهُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ فَكَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡغَاوِينَ ١٧٥

And recite to them, [O Muḥammad], the news of him1 to whom We gave [knowledge of] Our signs, but he detached himself from them; so Satan pursued him, and he became of the deviators.2

2 translator’s notes
  1. A man from the Children of Israel at the time of Moses.

    [419] Those who deliberately persist in error to the point of destruction.

    ↩
  2. ↩

7:176

وَلَوۡ شِئۡنَا لَرَفَعۡنَٰهُ بِهَا وَلَٰكِنَّهُۥٓ أَخۡلَدَ إِلَى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَٱتَّبَعَ هَوَىٰهُۚ فَمَثَلُهُۥ كَمَثَلِ ٱلۡكَلۡبِ إِن تَحۡمِلۡ عَلَيۡهِ يَلۡهَثۡ أَوۡ تَتۡرُكۡهُ يَلۡهَثۚ ذَّٰلِكَ مَثَلُ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَاۚ فَٱقۡصُصِ ٱلۡقَصَصَ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ١٧٦

And if We had willed, We could have elevated him thereby,1 but he adhered [instead] to the earth2 and followed his own desire. So his example is like that of the dog: if you chase him, he pants, or if you leave him, he [still] pants. That is the example of the people who denied Our signs.3 So relate the stories that perhaps they will give thought.

3 translator’s notes
  1. i.e., through the revelations, signs or evidences of which he had been given knowledge.

    [421] i.e., its worldly pleasures.

    [422] Whether or not they have been exposed to Allāh's signs or warnings, it is all the same: they will not believe.

    ↩
  2. ↩
  3. ↩

7:177

سَآءَ مَثَلًا ٱلۡقَوۡمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَأَنفُسَهُمۡ كَانُواْ يَظۡلِمُونَ ١٧٧

How evil an example [is that of] the people who denied Our signs and used to wrong themselves.

7:178

مَن يَهۡدِ ٱللَّهُ فَهُوَ ٱلۡمُهۡتَدِيۖ وَمَن يُضۡلِلۡ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡخَٰسِرُونَ ١٧٨

Whoever Allāh guides - he is the [rightly] guided; and whoever He sends astray1 - it is those who are the losers.

1 translator’s note
  1. As a result of persistence in evil and rejection of truth. ↩
Ibn al-JawziTafsir · 7:176

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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