بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
An-Naba 78:38
The Tidings · Juz 30 · Page 583
يَوۡمَ يَقُومُ ٱلرُّوحُ وَٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ صَفّٗاۖ لَّا يَتَكَلَّمُونَ إِلَّا مَنۡ أَذِنَ لَهُ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ وَقَالَ صَوَابٗا ٣٨
The Day that the Spirit [i.e., Gabriel] and the angels will stand in rows, they will not speak except for one whom the Most Merciful permits, and he will say what is correct.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ash-Shinqiti
Detailed
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Commentary on 78:38
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿يَوْمَ يَقُومُ الرُّوحُ والمَلائِكَةُ صَفًّا﴾ تَقَدَّمَ لِلشَّيْخِ - رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ تَعالى عَلَيْنا وعَلَيْهِ - بَيانُهُ عِنْدَ الكَلامِ عَلى قَوْلِهِ تَعالى مِن سُورَةِ ”الكَهْفِ“: ﴿وَعُرِضُوا عَلى رَبِّكَ صَفًّا﴾ [الكهف: ٤٨] .
وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ لِمَعْنى الرُّوحِ هُنا سَبْعَةَ أقْوالٍ هي: أرْواحُ بَنِي آدَمَ، أوْ بَنُو آدَمَ أنْفُسُهم، أوْ خَلْقٌ مِن خَلْقِ اللَّهِ عَلى صُوَرِ بَنِي آدَمَ لَيْسُوا بِمَلائِكَةٍ ولا بَشَرٍ، ويَأْكُلُونَ (p-٤١٣)وَيَشْرَبُونَ، أوْ جِبْرِيلُ أوِ القُرْآنُ، أوْ مَلَكٌ عَظِيمٌ بِقَدْرِ جَمِيعِ المَخْلُوقاتِ. ونَقَلَها الزَّمَخْشَرِيُّ، وحَكاها القُرْطُبِيُّ، وزادَ ثامِنًا: وهم حَفَظَةٌ عَلى المَلائِكَةِ، وتَوَقَّفَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ في تَرْجِيحِ واحِدٍ مِنها.
والَّذِي يَشْهَدُ لَهُ القُرْآنُ بِمِثْلِ هَذا النَّصِّ أنَّهُ جِبْرِيلُ - عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ -، كَما في قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿تَنَزَّلُ المَلائِكَةُ والرُّوحُ فِيها بِإذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ مِن كُلِّ أمْرٍ﴾ [القدر: ٤]، فَفِيهِ عَطْفُ المَلائِكَةِ عَلى الرُّوحِ مِن بابِ عَطْفِ العامِّ عَلى الخاصِّ، وفي سُورَةِ ”القَدْرِ“ عَطْفُ الخاصِّ عَلى العامِّ. واللَّهُ تَعالى أعْلَمُ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿لا يَتَكَلَّمُونَ إلّا مَن أذِنَ لَهُ الرَّحْمَنُ﴾
قالَ الزَّمَخْشَرِيُّ: لِشِدَّةِ هَوْلِ المَوْقِفِ، وهَؤُلاءِ وهم أكْرَمُ الخَلْقِ عَلى اللَّهِ وأقْرَبُهم إلى اللَّهِ، لا يَتَكَلَّمُونَ إلّا مَن أذِنَ لَهُ الرَّحْمَنُ، فَغَيْرُهم مِنَ الخَلْقِ مِن بابٍ أوْلى.
وَقالَ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ: هو مِثْلَ قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿يَوْمَ يَأْتِ لا تَكَلَّمُ نَفْسٌ إلّا بِإذْنِهِ﴾ [هود: ١٠٥]، ومِثْلُهُ قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿مَن ذا الَّذِي يَشْفَعُ عِنْدَهُ إلّا بِإذْنِهِ﴾ [البقرة: ٢٥٥] .
والواقِعُ أنَّ هَذا كُلَّهُ مِمّا يَدُلُّ عَلى أنَّ ذَلِكَ اليَوْمَ لا سُلْطَةَ ولا سُلْطانَ لِأحَدٍ فَقَطْ، حَتّى ولا بِكَلِمَةٍ إلّا ما أُذِنَ فِيها، كَما قالَ تَعالى: ﴿لِمَنِ المُلْكُ اليَوْمَ لِلَّهِ الواحِدِ القَهّارِ﴾ [غافر: ١٦] .
Page 583
78:31
إِنَّ لِلۡمُتَّقِينَ مَفَازًا ٣١
Indeed, for the righteous is attainment1 -
1 translator’s note
- Of security, success and reward, including escape and safety from Hell. ↩
78:32
حَدَآئِقَ وَأَعۡنَٰبٗا ٣٢
Gardens and grapevines
78:33
وَكَوَاعِبَ أَتۡرَابٗا ٣٣
And young women [companions] of equal age.
78:34
وَكَأۡسٗا دِهَاقٗا ٣٤
And a full cup.1
1 translator’s note
- Of wine which is delicious and does not intoxicate. ↩
78:35
لَّا يَسۡمَعُونَ فِيهَا لَغۡوٗا وَلَا كِذَّٰبٗا ٣٥
No ill speech will they hear therein or any falsehood -
78:36
جَزَآءٗ مِّن رَّبِّكَ عَطَآءً حِسَابٗا ٣٦
[As] reward from your Lord, [a generous] gift [made due by] account,1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., as a result of both their own righteous deeds and the limitless generosity of Allāh (subḥānahu wa taʿālā) . Another meaning is "a gift calculated [to be adequate]." ↩
78:37
رَّبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَا ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِۖ لَا يَمۡلِكُونَ مِنۡهُ خِطَابٗا ٣٧
[From] the Lord of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them, the Most Merciful. They possess not from Him [authority for] speech.1
1 translator’s note
- None of Allāh's creatures can plead with Him on the Day of Judgement except by His permission. ↩
78:38
يَوۡمَ يَقُومُ ٱلرُّوحُ وَٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ صَفّٗاۖ لَّا يَتَكَلَّمُونَ إِلَّا مَنۡ أَذِنَ لَهُ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ وَقَالَ صَوَابٗا ٣٨
The Day that the Spirit [i.e., Gabriel] and the angels will stand in rows, they will not speak except for one whom the Most Merciful permits, and he will say what is correct.
78:39
ذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡيَوۡمُ ٱلۡحَقُّۖ فَمَن شَآءَ ٱتَّخَذَ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِۦ مَـَٔابًا ٣٩
That is the True [i.e., certain] Day; so he who wills may take to his Lord a [way of] return.1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., a direct route through correct beliefs and righteous deeds. ↩
78:40
إِنَّآ أَنذَرۡنَٰكُمۡ عَذَابٗا قَرِيبٗا يَوۡمَ يَنظُرُ ٱلۡمَرۡءُ مَا قَدَّمَتۡ يَدَاهُ وَيَقُولُ ٱلۡكَافِرُ يَٰلَيۡتَنِي كُنتُ تُرَٰبَۢا ٤٠
Indeed, We have warned you of an impending punishment on the Day when a man will observe what his hands have put forth1 and the disbeliever will say, "Oh, I wish that I were dust!"
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the deeds he did in this world, which await him in the Hereafter. ↩
سورة النازعات
An-Nazi'at
Those who drag forth · Meccan · 46 ayahs
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
79:1
وَٱلنَّٰزِعَٰتِ غَرۡقٗا ١
By those [angels] who extract with violence1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., those who tear out the souls of those destined for Hell. ↩
79:2
وَٱلنَّٰشِطَٰتِ نَشۡطٗا ٢
And [by] those who remove with ease1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., those angels who ease out the souls of those destined for Paradise. ↩
79:3
وَٱلسَّٰبِحَٰتِ سَبۡحٗا ٣
And [by] those who glide [as if] swimming1
1 translator’s note
- Speeding to execute Allāh's commands. ↩
79:4
فَٱلسَّٰبِقَٰتِ سَبۡقٗا ٤
And those who race each other in a race1
1 translator’s note
- Racing to deliver the souls of the believers to Paradise. ↩
79:5
فَٱلۡمُدَبِّرَٰتِ أَمۡرٗا ٥
And those who arrange [each] matter,1
1 translator’s note
- According to Allāh's decree. ↩
79:6
يَوۡمَ تَرۡجُفُ ٱلرَّاجِفَةُ ٦
On the Day the blast [of the Horn] will convulse [creation],
79:7
تَتۡبَعُهَا ٱلرَّادِفَةُ ٧
There will follow it the subsequent [one].
79:8
قُلُوبٞ يَوۡمَئِذٖ وَاجِفَةٌ ٨
Hearts,1 that Day, will tremble,
1 translator’s note
- Those of the disbelievers who denied the Resurrection. ↩
79:9
أَبۡصَٰرُهَا خَٰشِعَةٞ ٩
Their eyes1 humbled.
1 translator’s note
- Those of the disbelievers. ↩
79:10
يَقُولُونَ أَءِنَّا لَمَرۡدُودُونَ فِي ٱلۡحَافِرَةِ ١٠
They are [presently] saying, "Will we indeed be returned to [our] former state [of life]?
79:11
أَءِذَا كُنَّا عِظَٰمٗا نَّخِرَةٗ ١١
Even if we should be decayed bones?"1
1 translator’s note
- The disbelievers say this in ridicule of the warning. ↩
79:12
قَالُواْ تِلۡكَ إِذٗا كَرَّةٌ خَاسِرَةٞ ١٢
They say, "That, then, would be a losing return."1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., "If that were so, we would not be able to escape punishment." ↩
79:13
فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ زَجۡرَةٞ وَٰحِدَةٞ ١٣
Indeed, it will be but one shout,
79:14
فَإِذَا هُم بِٱلسَّاهِرَةِ ١٤
And suddenly they will be [alert] upon the earth's surface.
79:15
هَلۡ أَتَىٰكَ حَدِيثُ مُوسَىٰٓ ١٥
Has there reached you the story of Moses? -