An-Nazi'at 79:25
Those who drag forth · Juz 30 · Page 584
فَأَخَذَهُ ٱللَّهُ نَكَالَ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ وَٱلۡأُولَىٰٓ ٢٥
So Allāh seized him in exemplary punishment for the last and the first [transgression].1.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., for Pharaoh's setting himself up as a deity and for his previous oppression of the people and denial of Moses. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
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Commentary on 79:25
﴿فَأخَذَهُ اللَّهُ نَكالَ الآخِرَةِ والأُولى﴾ النَّكالُ بِمَعْنى التَّنْكِيلِ كالسَّلامِ بِمَعْنى التَّسْلِيمِ؛ وهو التَّعْذِيبُ الَّذِي يُنَكِّلُ مَن رَآهُ أوْ سَمِعَهُ ويَمْنَعُهُ مِن تَعاطِي ما يُفْضِي إلَيْهِ وهو نَصْبٌ عَلى أنَّهُ مَصْدَرٌ مُؤَكِّدٌ كِ ( وعْدَ اللَّهِ ) و﴿صِبْغَةَ اللَّهِ﴾ كَأنَّهُ قِيلَ: نَكَّلَ اللَّهُ تَعالى بِهِ نَكالَ الآخِرَةِ والأُولى، وهو الإحْراقُ في الآخِرَةِ والإغْراقُ والإذْلالُ في الدُّنْيا، وجُوِّزَ أنْ يَكُونَ نَصْبًا عَلى أنَّهُ مَفْعُولٌ مُطْلَقٌ لِأخَذَ؛ أيْ: أخَذَهُ اللَّهُ تَعالى أخْذَ نَكالِ الآخِرَةِ... إلَخْ. وأنْ يَكُونَ مَفْعُولًا لَهُ أيْ: أخَذَهُ لِأجْلِ نَكالٍ إلَخْ. وأنْ يَكُونَ نَصْبًا بِنَزْعِ الخافِضِ؛ أيْ: أخَذَهُ بِنَكالِ الآخِرَةِ والأُولى، وإضافَتُهُ إلى الدّارَيْنِ بِاعْتِبارِ وُقُوعِ نَفْسِ الأخْذِ فِيهِما لا بِاعْتِبارِ أنَّ ما فِيهِ مِن مَعْنى المَنعِ يَكُونُ فِيهِما؛ فَإنَّ ذَلِكَ لا يُتَصَوَّرُ في الآخِرَةِ بَلْ في الدُّنْيا؛ فَإنَّ العُقُوبَةَ الأُخْرَوِيَّةَ تُنَكِّلُ مَن سَمِعَها وتَمْنَعُهُ مِن تَعاطِي ما يُؤَدِّي إلَيْها فِيها، وأنْ يَكُونَ في تَأْوِيلِ المُشْتَقِّ حالًا، وإضافَتُهُ عَلى مَعْنى فِي؛ أيْ: مُنَكِّلًا لِمَن رَآهُ أوْ سَمِعَ بِهِ في الآخِرَةِ والأُولى، وجُوِّزَ أنْ تَكُونَ الإضافَةُ عَلَيْهِ لامِيَّةً، وحَمْلُ الآخِرَةِ والأُولى عَلى الدّارَيْنِ هو الظّاهِرُ، ورُوِيَ عَنِ الحَسَنِ وابْنِ زَيْدٍ وغَيْرِهِما، وعَنِ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ وعِكْرِمَةَ والضَّحّاكِ والشَّعْبِيِّ أنَّ الآخِرَةَ قَوْلَتُهُ: ﴿أنا رَبُّكُمُ الأعْلى﴾ والأُولى قَوْلَتُهُ: ﴿ما عَلِمْتُ لَكم مِن إلَهٍ غَيْرِي﴾ وقِيلَ بِالعَكْسِ فَهُما كَلِمَتانِ
صفحة 31
وكانَ بَيْنَهُما عَلى ما قالُوا أرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً، وقالَ أبُو رَزِينٍ: «الأُولى» حالَةُ كُفْرِهِ وعِصْيانِهِ، «والآخِرَةُ» قَوْلَتُهُ: ﴿أنا رَبُّكُمُ الأعْلى﴾ وعَنْ مُجاهِدٍ أنَّهُما عِبارَتانِ عَنْ أوَّلِ مَعاصِيهِ وآخِرِها؛ أيْ؛ نُكِّلَ بِالجَمِيعِ، والإضافَةُ عَلى جَمِيعِ ذَلِكَ مِن إضافَةِ المُسَبَّبِ إلى السَّبَبِ، ومَآلُ مَن يَقُولُ بِقَبُولِ إيمانِ فِرْعَوْنَ إلى هَذِهِ الأقْوالِ، وجُعِلَ ذَلِكَ النَّكالُ الإغْراقَ في الدُّنْيا وقَدْ قَدَّمْنا الكَلامَ في هَذا المَقامِ.
Page 584
79:16
إِذۡ نَادَىٰهُ رَبُّهُۥ بِٱلۡوَادِ ٱلۡمُقَدَّسِ طُوًى ١٦
When his Lord called to him in the sacred valley of Ṭuwā,
79:17
ٱذۡهَبۡ إِلَىٰ فِرۡعَوۡنَ إِنَّهُۥ طَغَىٰ ١٧
"Go to Pharaoh. Indeed, he has transgressed.
79:18
فَقُلۡ هَل لَّكَ إِلَىٰٓ أَن تَزَكَّىٰ ١٨
And say to him, 'Would you [be willing to] purify yourself
79:19
وَأَهۡدِيَكَ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ فَتَخۡشَىٰ ١٩
And let me guide you to your Lord so you would fear [Him]?'"
79:20
فَأَرَىٰهُ ٱلۡأٓيَةَ ٱلۡكُبۡرَىٰ ٢٠
And he showed him the greatest sign,1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the miracle of his staff becoming a great snake. ↩
79:21
فَكَذَّبَ وَعَصَىٰ ٢١
But he [i.e., Pharaoh] denied and disobeyed.
79:22
ثُمَّ أَدۡبَرَ يَسۡعَىٰ ٢٢
Then he turned his back, striving [i.e., plotting].1
1 translator’s note
- An alternative meaning is "running [from the snake]." ↩
79:23
فَحَشَرَ فَنَادَىٰ ٢٣
And he gathered [his people] and called out
79:24
فَقَالَ أَنَا۠ رَبُّكُمُ ٱلۡأَعۡلَىٰ ٢٤
And said, "I am your most exalted lord."
79:25
فَأَخَذَهُ ٱللَّهُ نَكَالَ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ وَٱلۡأُولَىٰٓ ٢٥
So Allāh seized him in exemplary punishment for the last and the first [transgression].1.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., for Pharaoh's setting himself up as a deity and for his previous oppression of the people and denial of Moses. ↩
79:26
إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَعِبۡرَةٗ لِّمَن يَخۡشَىٰٓ ٢٦
Indeed in that is a lesson [i.e., warning] for whoever would fear [Allāh].
79:27
ءَأَنتُمۡ أَشَدُّ خَلۡقًا أَمِ ٱلسَّمَآءُۚ بَنَىٰهَا ٢٧
Are you a more difficult creation or is the heaven? He [i.e., Allāh] constructed it.
79:28
رَفَعَ سَمۡكَهَا فَسَوَّىٰهَا ٢٨
He raised its ceiling and proportioned it.
79:29
وَأَغۡطَشَ لَيۡلَهَا وَأَخۡرَجَ ضُحَىٰهَا ٢٩
And He darkened its night and extracted its brightness.1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., created the day from within the surrounding darkness. ↩
79:30
وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ ذَٰلِكَ دَحَىٰهَآ ٣٠
And after that He spread the earth.
79:31
أَخۡرَجَ مِنۡهَا مَآءَهَا وَمَرۡعَىٰهَا ٣١
He extracted from it its water and its pasture,
79:32
وَٱلۡجِبَالَ أَرۡسَىٰهَا ٣٢
And the mountains He set firmly
79:33
مَتَٰعٗا لَّكُمۡ وَلِأَنۡعَٰمِكُمۡ ٣٣
As enjoyment [i.e., provision] for you and your grazing livestock.
79:34
فَإِذَا جَآءَتِ ٱلطَّآمَّةُ ٱلۡكُبۡرَىٰ ٣٤
But when there comes the greatest Overwhelming Calamity1 -
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the Day of Resurrection. ↩
79:35
يَوۡمَ يَتَذَكَّرُ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ مَا سَعَىٰ ٣٥
The Day when man will remember that for which he strove,
79:36
وَبُرِّزَتِ ٱلۡجَحِيمُ لِمَن يَرَىٰ ٣٦
And Hellfire will be exposed for [all] those who see -
79:37
فَأَمَّا مَن طَغَىٰ ٣٧
So as for he who transgressed
79:38
وَءَاثَرَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا ٣٨
And preferred the life of the world,
79:39
فَإِنَّ ٱلۡجَحِيمَ هِيَ ٱلۡمَأۡوَىٰ ٣٩
Then indeed, Hellfire will be [his] refuge.
79:40
وَأَمَّا مَنۡ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِۦ وَنَهَى ٱلنَّفۡسَ عَنِ ٱلۡهَوَىٰ ٤٠
But as for he who feared the position of his Lord1 and prevented the soul from [unlawful] inclination,
1 translator’s note
- See footnote to 55:46. ↩
79:41
فَإِنَّ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ هِيَ ٱلۡمَأۡوَىٰ ٤١
Then indeed, Paradise will be [his] refuge.
79:42
يَسۡـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلسَّاعَةِ أَيَّانَ مُرۡسَىٰهَا ٤٢
They ask you, [O Muḥammad], about the Hour: when is its arrival?1
1 translator’s note
- Literally, "resting" or "establishment." ↩
79:43
فِيمَ أَنتَ مِن ذِكۡرَىٰهَآ ٤٣
In what [position] are you that you should mention it?1
1 translator’s note
- Meaning that Muḥammad (ﷺ) had no knowledge of it, so how could he inform them? ↩
79:44
إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ مُنتَهَىٰهَآ ٤٤
To your Lord is its finality.1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., its destination and termination. And to Him belongs ultimate knowledge of it. ↩
79:45
إِنَّمَآ أَنتَ مُنذِرُ مَن يَخۡشَىٰهَا ٤٥
You are only a warner for those who fear it.
79:46
كَأَنَّهُمۡ يَوۡمَ يَرَوۡنَهَا لَمۡ يَلۡبَثُوٓاْ إِلَّا عَشِيَّةً أَوۡ ضُحَىٰهَا ٤٦
It will be, on the Day they see it,1 as though they had not remained [in the world] except for an afternoon or a morning thereof.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the Hour, the Resurrection. ↩