An-Nazi'at 79:25
Those who drag forth · Juz 30 · Page 584
فَأَخَذَهُ ٱللَّهُ نَكَالَ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ وَٱلۡأُولَىٰٓ ٢٥
So Allāh seized him in exemplary punishment for the last and the first [transgression].1.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., for Pharaoh's setting himself up as a deity and for his previous oppression of the people and denial of Moses. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ash-Shinqiti
Detailed
Change
Commentary on 79:25
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿فَأخَذَهُ اللَّهُ نَكالَ الآخِرَةِ والأُولى﴾
النَّكالُ: هو اسْمٌ لِما جُعِلَ نَكالًا لِلْغَيْرِ، أيْ: عُقُوبَةً لَهُ حَتّى يُعْتَبَرَ بِهِ، والكَلِمَةُ مِن (p-٤٢١)الِامْتِناعُ، ومِنهُ النُّكُولُ عَنِ اليَمِينِ، والنَّكْلُ القَيْدُ. قالَهُ القُرْطُبِيُّ.
واخْتُلِفَ في ”الآخِرَةِ والأُولى“: أهُمُ الدُّنْيا والآخِرَةُ ؟ أمْ هُمُ الكَلِمَتانِ العَظِيمَتانِ اللَّتانِ تَكَلَّمَ بِهِما فِرْعَوْنُ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿ما عَلِمْتُ لَكم مِن إلَهٍ غَيْرِي﴾ [القصص: ٣٨] .
والثّانِيَةُ قَوْلُهُ: ﴿أنا رَبُّكُمُ الأعْلى﴾ [النازعات: ٢٤] .
قالَ ابْنُ عَبّاسٍ: وكانَ بَيْنَهُما أرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً. وقَدِ اخْتارَ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ الأوَّلَ، واخْتارَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ الثّانِيَ، ومَعَهُ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ المُفَسِّرِينَ.
وَلَكِنْ يُرَدُّ عَلى اخْتِيارِ ابْنِ كَثِيرٍ: أنَّ السِّياقَ قَدَّمَ الآخِرَةَ، مَعَ أنَّ تَعْذِيبَ فِرْعَوْنَ مُقَدَّمٌ فِيهِ نَكالُ الأُولى، وهي الدُّنْيا.
كَما يُرَدُّ عَلى اخْتِيارِ ابْنِ جَرِيرٍ، أنَّ اللَّهَ تَعالى جَعَلَ أخْذَهُ إيّاهُ نَكالًا، لِيَعْتَبِرَ بِهِ مَن يَخْشى، والعِبْرَةُ تَكُونُ أشَدَّ بِالمَحْسُوسِ، وكَلِمَتاهُ قِيلَتا في زَمَنِهِ.
والقُرْآنُ يَشْهَدُ لِما قالَهُ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ، في قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿فاليَوْمَ نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ لِتَكُونَ لِمَن خَلْفَكَ آيَةً﴾ [يونس: ٩٢]، وهَذا هو مَحَلُّ الِاعْتِبارِ.
وَقَدْ قالَ تَعالى بَعْدَ الآيَةِ: ﴿إنَّ في ذَلِكَ لَعِبْرَةً لِمَن يَخْشى﴾ [النازعات: ٢٦] .
واسْمُ الإشارَةِ في قَوْلِهِ: ”إنَّ في ذَلِكَ“: راجِعٌ إلى الأخْذِ والنَّكالِ المَذْكُورَيْنِ، أيِ: المَصْدَرُ المَفْهُومُ ضِمْنًا في قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿فَأخَذَهُ اللَّهُ﴾، وقَوْلِهِ: ”نَكالَ“، بَلْ إنَّ ”نَكالَ“ مَصْدَرٌ بِنَفْسِهِ، أيْ: فَأخَذَهُ اللَّهُ ونَكَّلَ بِهِ، وجَعَلَ نَكالَهُ بِهِ عِبْرَةً لِمَن يَخْشى.
Page 584
79:16
إِذۡ نَادَىٰهُ رَبُّهُۥ بِٱلۡوَادِ ٱلۡمُقَدَّسِ طُوًى ١٦
When his Lord called to him in the sacred valley of Ṭuwā,
79:17
ٱذۡهَبۡ إِلَىٰ فِرۡعَوۡنَ إِنَّهُۥ طَغَىٰ ١٧
"Go to Pharaoh. Indeed, he has transgressed.
79:18
فَقُلۡ هَل لَّكَ إِلَىٰٓ أَن تَزَكَّىٰ ١٨
And say to him, 'Would you [be willing to] purify yourself
79:19
وَأَهۡدِيَكَ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ فَتَخۡشَىٰ ١٩
And let me guide you to your Lord so you would fear [Him]?'"
79:20
فَأَرَىٰهُ ٱلۡأٓيَةَ ٱلۡكُبۡرَىٰ ٢٠
And he showed him the greatest sign,1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the miracle of his staff becoming a great snake. ↩
79:21
فَكَذَّبَ وَعَصَىٰ ٢١
But he [i.e., Pharaoh] denied and disobeyed.
79:22
ثُمَّ أَدۡبَرَ يَسۡعَىٰ ٢٢
Then he turned his back, striving [i.e., plotting].1
1 translator’s note
- An alternative meaning is "running [from the snake]." ↩
79:23
فَحَشَرَ فَنَادَىٰ ٢٣
And he gathered [his people] and called out
79:24
فَقَالَ أَنَا۠ رَبُّكُمُ ٱلۡأَعۡلَىٰ ٢٤
And said, "I am your most exalted lord."
79:25
فَأَخَذَهُ ٱللَّهُ نَكَالَ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ وَٱلۡأُولَىٰٓ ٢٥
So Allāh seized him in exemplary punishment for the last and the first [transgression].1.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., for Pharaoh's setting himself up as a deity and for his previous oppression of the people and denial of Moses. ↩
79:26
إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَعِبۡرَةٗ لِّمَن يَخۡشَىٰٓ ٢٦
Indeed in that is a lesson [i.e., warning] for whoever would fear [Allāh].
79:27
ءَأَنتُمۡ أَشَدُّ خَلۡقًا أَمِ ٱلسَّمَآءُۚ بَنَىٰهَا ٢٧
Are you a more difficult creation or is the heaven? He [i.e., Allāh] constructed it.
79:28
رَفَعَ سَمۡكَهَا فَسَوَّىٰهَا ٢٨
He raised its ceiling and proportioned it.
79:29
وَأَغۡطَشَ لَيۡلَهَا وَأَخۡرَجَ ضُحَىٰهَا ٢٩
And He darkened its night and extracted its brightness.1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., created the day from within the surrounding darkness. ↩
79:30
وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ ذَٰلِكَ دَحَىٰهَآ ٣٠
And after that He spread the earth.
79:31
أَخۡرَجَ مِنۡهَا مَآءَهَا وَمَرۡعَىٰهَا ٣١
He extracted from it its water and its pasture,
79:32
وَٱلۡجِبَالَ أَرۡسَىٰهَا ٣٢
And the mountains He set firmly
79:33
مَتَٰعٗا لَّكُمۡ وَلِأَنۡعَٰمِكُمۡ ٣٣
As enjoyment [i.e., provision] for you and your grazing livestock.
79:34
فَإِذَا جَآءَتِ ٱلطَّآمَّةُ ٱلۡكُبۡرَىٰ ٣٤
But when there comes the greatest Overwhelming Calamity1 -
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the Day of Resurrection. ↩
79:35
يَوۡمَ يَتَذَكَّرُ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ مَا سَعَىٰ ٣٥
The Day when man will remember that for which he strove,
79:36
وَبُرِّزَتِ ٱلۡجَحِيمُ لِمَن يَرَىٰ ٣٦
And Hellfire will be exposed for [all] those who see -
79:37
فَأَمَّا مَن طَغَىٰ ٣٧
So as for he who transgressed
79:38
وَءَاثَرَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا ٣٨
And preferred the life of the world,
79:39
فَإِنَّ ٱلۡجَحِيمَ هِيَ ٱلۡمَأۡوَىٰ ٣٩
Then indeed, Hellfire will be [his] refuge.
79:40
وَأَمَّا مَنۡ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِۦ وَنَهَى ٱلنَّفۡسَ عَنِ ٱلۡهَوَىٰ ٤٠
But as for he who feared the position of his Lord1 and prevented the soul from [unlawful] inclination,
1 translator’s note
- See footnote to 55:46. ↩
79:41
فَإِنَّ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ هِيَ ٱلۡمَأۡوَىٰ ٤١
Then indeed, Paradise will be [his] refuge.
79:42
يَسۡـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلسَّاعَةِ أَيَّانَ مُرۡسَىٰهَا ٤٢
They ask you, [O Muḥammad], about the Hour: when is its arrival?1
1 translator’s note
- Literally, "resting" or "establishment." ↩
79:43
فِيمَ أَنتَ مِن ذِكۡرَىٰهَآ ٤٣
In what [position] are you that you should mention it?1
1 translator’s note
- Meaning that Muḥammad (ﷺ) had no knowledge of it, so how could he inform them? ↩
79:44
إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ مُنتَهَىٰهَآ ٤٤
To your Lord is its finality.1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., its destination and termination. And to Him belongs ultimate knowledge of it. ↩
79:45
إِنَّمَآ أَنتَ مُنذِرُ مَن يَخۡشَىٰهَا ٤٥
You are only a warner for those who fear it.
79:46
كَأَنَّهُمۡ يَوۡمَ يَرَوۡنَهَا لَمۡ يَلۡبَثُوٓاْ إِلَّا عَشِيَّةً أَوۡ ضُحَىٰهَا ٤٦
It will be, on the Day they see it,1 as though they had not remained [in the world] except for an afternoon or a morning thereof.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the Hour, the Resurrection. ↩