An-Nazi'at 79:35
Those who drag forth · Juz 30 · Page 584
يَوۡمَ يَتَذَكَّرُ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ مَا سَعَىٰ ٣٥
The Day when man will remember that for which he strove,
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Mawardi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 79:34–46
﴿فَإذا جاءَتِ الطّامَّةُ الكُبْرى﴾ فِيهِ أرْبَعَةُ أقاوِيلَ: أحَدُها: أنَّها النَّفْخَةُ الآخِرَةُ، قالَهُ الحَسَنُ.
الثّانِي: أنَّها السّاعَةُ طَمَّتْ كُلَّ داهِيَةٍ، والسّاعَةُ أدْهى وأمَرُّ، قالَهُ الرَّبِيعُ.
الثّالِثُ: أنَّهُ اسْمٌ مِن أسْماءِ القِيامَةِ يُسَمّى الطّامَّةَ، قالَهُ ابْنُ عَبّاسٍ.
الرّابِعُ: أنَّها الطّامَّةُ الكُبْرى إذا سِيقَ أهْلُ الجَنَّةِ إلى الجَنَّةِ، وأهْلُ النّارِ إلى النّارِ، قالَهُ القاسِمُ بْنُ الوَلِيدِ، وهو مَعْنى قَوْلِ مُجاهِدٍ.
وَفي مَعْنى ﴿الطّامَّةُ﴾ في اللُّغَةِ ثَلاثَةُ وُجُوهٍ: أحَدُها: الغاشِيَةُ.
الثّانِي: الغامِرَةُ.
الثّالِثُ: الهائِلَةُ، ذَكَرَهُ ابْنُ عِيسى، لِأنَّها تَطُمُّ عَلى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ أيْ تُغَطِّيهِ.
﴿وَأمّا مَن خافَ مَقامَ رَبِّهِ ونَهى النَّفْسَ عَنِ الهَوى﴾ فِيهِ وجْهانِ:
أحَدُهُما: هو خَوْفُهُ في الدُّنْيا مِنَ اللَّهِ عِنْدَ مُواقَعَةِ الذَّنْبِ فَيُقْلِعُ، قالَهُ مُجاهِدٌ.
الثّانِي: هو خَوْفُهُ في الآخِرَةِ مِن وُقُوفِهِ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ لِلْحِسابِ، قالَهُ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ أنَسٍ، ويَكُونُ مَعْنى: خافَ مَقامَ رَبِّهِ ونَهى النَّفْسَ عَنِ الهَوى، قالَ الكَلْبِيُّ: وزَجَرَ النَّفْسَ عَنِ المَعاصِي والمَحارِمِ.
﴿فَإنَّ الجَنَّةَ هي المَأْوى﴾ أيِ المَنزِلُ، وذَكَرَ أنَّها نَزَلَتْ في مُصْعَبِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ.
﴿يَسْألُونَكَ عَنِ السّاعَةِ أيّانَ مُرْساها﴾ قالَ ابْنُ عَبّاسٍ: مَتى زَمانُها، قالَهُ الرَّبِيعُ ﴿فِيمَ أنْتَ مِن ذِكْراها﴾ فِيهِ وجْهانِ:
أحَدُهُما: فِيمَ يَسْألُكَ المُشْرِكُونَ يا مُحَمَّدُ عَنْها ولَسْتَ مِمَّنْ يَعْلَمُها، وهو مَعْنى قَوْلِ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ.
الثّانِي: فِيمَ تَسْألُ يا مُحَمَّدُ عَنْها ولَيْسَ لَكَ السُّؤالُ، وهَذا مَعْنى قَوْلِ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ.(p-٢٠١)
﴿إلى رَبِّكَ مُنْتَهاها﴾ يَعْنِي مُنْتَهى عِلْمِ السّاعَةِ: فَكَفَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنِ السُّؤالِ وقالَ: يا أهْلَ مَكَّةَ إنِ اللَّهَ احْتَجَبَ بِخَمْسٍ لَمْ يُطْلِعْ عَلَيْهِنَّ مَلَكًا مُقَرَّبًا ولا نَبِيًّا مُرْسَلًا فَمَنِ ادَّعى عِلْمَهُنَّ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ: ﴿إنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السّاعَةِ﴾ إلى آخِرِ السُّورَةِ.
﴿إنَّما أنْتَ﴾ يَعْنِي مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ . ﴿مُنْذِرُ مَن يَخْشاها﴾ يَعْنِي القِيامَةَ.
﴿كَأنَّهم يَوْمَ يَرَوْنَها﴾ يَعْنِي الكُفّارَ يَوْمَ يَرَوْنَ الآخِرَةَ.
﴿لَمْ يَلْبَثُوا﴾ في الدُّنْيا.
﴿إلا عَشِيَّةً﴾ وهي ما بَعْدُ الزَّوالِ.
﴿أوْ ضُحاها﴾ وهو ما قَبْلَ الزَّوالِ، لِأنَّ الدُّنْيا تَصاغَرَتْ عِنْدَهم وقَلَّتْ في أعْيُنِهِمْ، كَما قالَ تَعالى: ﴿وَيَوْمَ يَحْشُرُهم كَأنْ لَمْ يَلْبَثُوا إلا ساعَةً مِنَ النَّهارِ﴾
Page 584
79:16
إِذۡ نَادَىٰهُ رَبُّهُۥ بِٱلۡوَادِ ٱلۡمُقَدَّسِ طُوًى ١٦
When his Lord called to him in the sacred valley of Ṭuwā,
79:17
ٱذۡهَبۡ إِلَىٰ فِرۡعَوۡنَ إِنَّهُۥ طَغَىٰ ١٧
"Go to Pharaoh. Indeed, he has transgressed.
79:18
فَقُلۡ هَل لَّكَ إِلَىٰٓ أَن تَزَكَّىٰ ١٨
And say to him, 'Would you [be willing to] purify yourself
79:19
وَأَهۡدِيَكَ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ فَتَخۡشَىٰ ١٩
And let me guide you to your Lord so you would fear [Him]?'"
79:20
فَأَرَىٰهُ ٱلۡأٓيَةَ ٱلۡكُبۡرَىٰ ٢٠
And he showed him the greatest sign,1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the miracle of his staff becoming a great snake. ↩
79:21
فَكَذَّبَ وَعَصَىٰ ٢١
But he [i.e., Pharaoh] denied and disobeyed.
79:22
ثُمَّ أَدۡبَرَ يَسۡعَىٰ ٢٢
Then he turned his back, striving [i.e., plotting].1
1 translator’s note
- An alternative meaning is "running [from the snake]." ↩
79:23
فَحَشَرَ فَنَادَىٰ ٢٣
And he gathered [his people] and called out
79:24
فَقَالَ أَنَا۠ رَبُّكُمُ ٱلۡأَعۡلَىٰ ٢٤
And said, "I am your most exalted lord."
79:25
فَأَخَذَهُ ٱللَّهُ نَكَالَ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ وَٱلۡأُولَىٰٓ ٢٥
So Allāh seized him in exemplary punishment for the last and the first [transgression].1.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., for Pharaoh's setting himself up as a deity and for his previous oppression of the people and denial of Moses. ↩
79:26
إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَعِبۡرَةٗ لِّمَن يَخۡشَىٰٓ ٢٦
Indeed in that is a lesson [i.e., warning] for whoever would fear [Allāh].
79:27
ءَأَنتُمۡ أَشَدُّ خَلۡقًا أَمِ ٱلسَّمَآءُۚ بَنَىٰهَا ٢٧
Are you a more difficult creation or is the heaven? He [i.e., Allāh] constructed it.
79:28
رَفَعَ سَمۡكَهَا فَسَوَّىٰهَا ٢٨
He raised its ceiling and proportioned it.
79:29
وَأَغۡطَشَ لَيۡلَهَا وَأَخۡرَجَ ضُحَىٰهَا ٢٩
And He darkened its night and extracted its brightness.1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., created the day from within the surrounding darkness. ↩
79:30
وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ ذَٰلِكَ دَحَىٰهَآ ٣٠
And after that He spread the earth.
79:31
أَخۡرَجَ مِنۡهَا مَآءَهَا وَمَرۡعَىٰهَا ٣١
He extracted from it its water and its pasture,
79:32
وَٱلۡجِبَالَ أَرۡسَىٰهَا ٣٢
And the mountains He set firmly
79:33
مَتَٰعٗا لَّكُمۡ وَلِأَنۡعَٰمِكُمۡ ٣٣
As enjoyment [i.e., provision] for you and your grazing livestock.
79:34
فَإِذَا جَآءَتِ ٱلطَّآمَّةُ ٱلۡكُبۡرَىٰ ٣٤
But when there comes the greatest Overwhelming Calamity1 -
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the Day of Resurrection. ↩
79:35
يَوۡمَ يَتَذَكَّرُ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ مَا سَعَىٰ ٣٥
The Day when man will remember that for which he strove,
79:36
وَبُرِّزَتِ ٱلۡجَحِيمُ لِمَن يَرَىٰ ٣٦
And Hellfire will be exposed for [all] those who see -
79:37
فَأَمَّا مَن طَغَىٰ ٣٧
So as for he who transgressed
79:38
وَءَاثَرَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا ٣٨
And preferred the life of the world,
79:39
فَإِنَّ ٱلۡجَحِيمَ هِيَ ٱلۡمَأۡوَىٰ ٣٩
Then indeed, Hellfire will be [his] refuge.
79:40
وَأَمَّا مَنۡ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِۦ وَنَهَى ٱلنَّفۡسَ عَنِ ٱلۡهَوَىٰ ٤٠
But as for he who feared the position of his Lord1 and prevented the soul from [unlawful] inclination,
1 translator’s note
- See footnote to 55:46. ↩
79:41
فَإِنَّ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ هِيَ ٱلۡمَأۡوَىٰ ٤١
Then indeed, Paradise will be [his] refuge.
79:42
يَسۡـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلسَّاعَةِ أَيَّانَ مُرۡسَىٰهَا ٤٢
They ask you, [O Muḥammad], about the Hour: when is its arrival?1
1 translator’s note
- Literally, "resting" or "establishment." ↩
79:43
فِيمَ أَنتَ مِن ذِكۡرَىٰهَآ ٤٣
In what [position] are you that you should mention it?1
1 translator’s note
- Meaning that Muḥammad (ﷺ) had no knowledge of it, so how could he inform them? ↩
79:44
إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ مُنتَهَىٰهَآ ٤٤
To your Lord is its finality.1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., its destination and termination. And to Him belongs ultimate knowledge of it. ↩
79:45
إِنَّمَآ أَنتَ مُنذِرُ مَن يَخۡشَىٰهَا ٤٥
You are only a warner for those who fear it.
79:46
كَأَنَّهُمۡ يَوۡمَ يَرَوۡنَهَا لَمۡ يَلۡبَثُوٓاْ إِلَّا عَشِيَّةً أَوۡ ضُحَىٰهَا ٤٦
It will be, on the Day they see it,1 as though they had not remained [in the world] except for an afternoon or a morning thereof.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the Hour, the Resurrection. ↩