Al-Anfal 8:17
The Spoils of War · Juz 9 · Page 179
فَلَمۡ تَقۡتُلُوهُمۡ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ قَتَلَهُمۡۚ وَمَا رَمَيۡتَ إِذۡ رَمَيۡتَ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ رَمَىٰ وَلِيُبۡلِيَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ مِنۡهُ بَلَآءً حَسَنًاۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٞ ١٧
And you did not kill them, but it was Allāh who killed them.1 And you threw not, [O Muḥammad], when you threw, but it was Allāh who threw2 that He might test the believers with a good test.3 Indeed, Allāh is Hearing and Knowing.
3 translator’s notes
i.e., Your strength was insufficient to overcome them, but Allāh supported you and gave you victory.
[441] When the Prophet (ﷺ) threw a handful of dust into the faces of the disbelievers, Allāh caused it to fill the eyes and nose of every soldier, preventing their advance.
[442] So that they would appreciate Allāh's favor to them.
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Tafsir · in Arabic
As-Samarqandi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 8:17–18
قوله تعالى: فَلَمْ تَقْتُلُوهُمْ. وذلك أن المسلمين كانوا يقولون: قتلنا فلاناً وقتلنا فلاناً، فأراد الله تعالى أن لا يعجبوا بأنفسهم، فقال: فَلَمْ تَقْتُلُوهُمْ يقول: فما قتلتموهم وَلكِنَّ اللَّهَ قَتَلَهُمْ، يعني: الله تعالى نصركم وأمدكم بالملائكة. وَما رَمَيْتَ إِذْ رَمَيْتَ وَلكِنَّ اللَّهَ رَمى يعني: الله تعالى تولى ذلك، وذلك حين رمى النبيّ ﷺ قبضة من التراب، فملأ الله تعالى أعينهم بها فانهزموا، قال الله تعالى: وَما رَمَيْتَ أي: لم تصب رميتك ولم تبلغ ذلك المبلغ، ولكن الله تعالى تولى ذلك. ويقال: رمى النبيّ ﷺ يوم أحد بالحربة فأصابت أبي بن خلف الجمحي فقتله.
قرأ حمزة والكسائي وَلكِنَّ اللَّهَ رَمى بكسر النون والتخفيف واللَّهَ بالضم، وكذلك في قوله وَلكِنَّ اللَّهَ قَتَلَهُمْ وقرأ الباقون: بنصب النون مع التشديد ونصب ما بعده.
ثم قال: وَلِيُبْلِيَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْهُ بَلاءً حَسَناً، يعني: لينصرهم نصراً جميلاً ويختبرهم بالتي هي أحسن، ويقال: ولينعم المؤمنين نعمة بينة. إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ، يعني: سميع لدعاء النبيّ ﷺ وعليم بإجابته.
ذلِكُمْ، يعني: الهلاك والهزيمة للكفار، ويقال: معناه، الأمر من ربكم. ذلِكُمْ ثمّ ابتداء فقال: وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ مُوهِنُ كَيْدِ الْكافِرِينَ، يعني: مضعف كيد الكافرين، يعني: صنيع الكافرين ببدر. وقرأ ابن كثير ونافع وأبو عمرو مُوهِنُ كَيْدِ الْكافِرِينَ بنصب الواو والتشديد منونة كَيْدِ بنصب الدال، وقرأ عاصم في رواية حفص مُوهِنُ بضم النون بغير تنوين كَيْدِ بكسر الدال على معنى الإضافة، وقرأ الباقون: مُوهِنُ بالتنوين والتخفيف كَيْدِ بنصب الدّال والمُوهِنُ والمُوهَنُ واحد، ويقال: وهنت الشيء وأوهنته، إذا جعلته واهنا ضعيفا.
Page 179
8:17
فَلَمۡ تَقۡتُلُوهُمۡ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ قَتَلَهُمۡۚ وَمَا رَمَيۡتَ إِذۡ رَمَيۡتَ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ رَمَىٰ وَلِيُبۡلِيَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ مِنۡهُ بَلَآءً حَسَنًاۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٞ ١٧
And you did not kill them, but it was Allāh who killed them.1 And you threw not, [O Muḥammad], when you threw, but it was Allāh who threw2 that He might test the believers with a good test.3 Indeed, Allāh is Hearing and Knowing.
3 translator’s notes
i.e., Your strength was insufficient to overcome them, but Allāh supported you and gave you victory.
[441] When the Prophet (ﷺ) threw a handful of dust into the faces of the disbelievers, Allāh caused it to fill the eyes and nose of every soldier, preventing their advance.
[442] So that they would appreciate Allāh's favor to them.
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8:18
ذَٰلِكُمۡ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مُوهِنُ كَيۡدِ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ١٨
That [is so], and [also] that Allāh will weaken the plot of the disbelievers.
8:19
إِن تَسۡتَفۡتِحُواْ فَقَدۡ جَآءَكُمُ ٱلۡفَتۡحُۖ وَإِن تَنتَهُواْ فَهُوَ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡۖ وَإِن تَعُودُواْ نَعُدۡ وَلَن تُغۡنِيَ عَنكُمۡ فِئَتُكُمۡ شَيۡـٔٗا وَلَوۡ كَثُرَتۡ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَعَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٩
If you [disbelievers] seek the decision [i.e., victory] - the decision [i.e., defeat] has come to you. And if you desist [from hostilities], it is best for you; but if you return [to war], We will return, and never will you be availed by your [large] company at all, even if it should increase; and [that is] because Allāh is with the believers.
8:20
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ أَطِيعُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَلَا تَوَلَّوۡاْ عَنۡهُ وَأَنتُمۡ تَسۡمَعُونَ ٢٠
O you who have believed, obey Allāh and His Messenger and do not turn from him while you hear [his order].
8:21
وَلَا تَكُونُواْ كَٱلَّذِينَ قَالُواْ سَمِعۡنَا وَهُمۡ لَا يَسۡمَعُونَ ٢١
And do not be like those who say, "We have heard," while they do not hear.
8:22
۞ إِنَّ شَرَّ ٱلدَّوَآبِّ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلصُّمُّ ٱلۡبُكۡمُ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَعۡقِلُونَ ٢٢
Indeed, the worst of living creatures in the sight of Allāh are the deaf and dumb who do not use reason [i.e., the disbelievers].
8:23
وَلَوۡ عَلِمَ ٱللَّهُ فِيهِمۡ خَيۡرٗا لَّأَسۡمَعَهُمۡۖ وَلَوۡ أَسۡمَعَهُمۡ لَتَوَلَّواْ وَّهُم مُّعۡرِضُونَ ٢٣
Had Allāh known any good in them, He would have made them hear. And if He had made them hear, they would [still] have turned away, while they were refusing.
8:24
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱسۡتَجِيبُواْ لِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ إِذَا دَعَاكُمۡ لِمَا يُحۡيِيكُمۡۖ وَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَحُولُ بَيۡنَ ٱلۡمَرۡءِ وَقَلۡبِهِۦ وَأَنَّهُۥٓ إِلَيۡهِ تُحۡشَرُونَ ٢٤
O you who have believed, respond to Allāh and to the Messenger when he calls you to that which gives you life. And know that Allāh intervenes between a man and his heart and that to Him you will be gathered.
8:25
وَٱتَّقُواْ فِتۡنَةٗ لَّا تُصِيبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مِنكُمۡ خَآصَّةٗۖ وَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ ٢٥
And fear a trial1 which will not strike those who have wronged among you exclusively, and know that Allāh is severe in penalty.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., an affliction or punishment during life upon this earth. When corruption spreads among a people, its consequences will affect everyone. ↩