Al-AnfalJuz 10 · Page 182

Al-Anfal 8:44

The Spoils of War · Juz 10 · Page 182

وَإِذۡ يُرِيكُمُوهُمۡ إِذِ ٱلۡتَقَيۡتُمۡ فِيٓ أَعۡيُنِكُمۡ قَلِيلٗا وَيُقَلِّلُكُمۡ فِيٓ أَعۡيُنِهِمۡ لِيَقۡضِيَ ٱللَّهُ أَمۡرٗا كَانَ مَفۡعُولٗاۗ وَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ تُرۡجَعُ ٱلۡأُمُورُ ٤٤

And [remember] when He showed them to you, when you met, as few in your eyes, and He made you [appear] as few in their eyes so that Allāh might accomplish a matter already destined. And to Allāh are [all] matters returned.

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Commentary on 8:43–44

﴿إذْ يُرِيكَهُمُ اللَّهُ في مَنامِكَ قَلِيلا﴾ مُقَدَّرٌ بِاذْكُرْ أوْ بَدَلٌ ثانٍ مِن يَوْمِ الفُرْقانِ، أوْ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِعَلِيمٍ أيْ يَعْلَمُ المَصالِحَ إذْ يُقَلِّلُهم في عَيْنِكَ في رُؤْياكَ وهو أنْ تُخْبِرَ بِهِ أصْحابَكَ فَيَكُونُ تَثْبِيتًا لَهم وتَشْجِيعًا عَلى عَدُوِّهِمْ.

﴿وَلَوْ أراكَهم كَثِيرًا لَفَشِلْتُمْ﴾ لَجَبُنْتُمْ. ﴿وَلَتَنازَعْتُمْ في الأمْرِ﴾ في أمْرِ القِتالِ وتَفَرَّقَتْ آراؤُكم بَيْنَ الثَّباتِ والفِرارِ.

﴿وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ سَلَّمَ﴾ أنْعَمَ بِالسَّلامَةِ مِنَ الفَشَلِ والتَّنازُعِ. ﴿إنَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِذاتِ الصُّدُورِ﴾ يَعْلَمُ ما سَيَكُونُ فِيها وما يُغَيِّرُ أحْوالَها.

﴿وَإذْ يُرِيكُمُوهم إذِ التَقَيْتُمْ في أعْيُنِكم قَلِيلا﴾ الضَّمِيرانِ مَفْعُولا يَرى و ﴿قَلِيلا﴾ حالٌ مِنَ الثّانِي، وإنَّما قَلَّلَهم في أعْيُنِ المُسْلِمِينَ حَتّى قالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ تَعالى عَنْهُ لِمَن إلى جَنْبِهِ أتَراهم سَبْعِينَ فَقالَ أراهم مِائَةً، تَثْبِيتًا لَهم وتَصْدِيقًا لِرُؤْيا الرَّسُولِ ﷺ .

﴿وَيُقَلِّلُكم في أعْيُنِهِمْ﴾ حَتّى قالَ أبُو جَهْلٍ: إنَّ مُحَمَّدًا وأصْحابَهُ أكَلَةُ جَزُورٍ، وقَلَّلَهم في أعْيُنِهِمْ قَبْلَ التِحامِ القِتالِ لِيَجْتَرِئُوا عَلَيْهِمْ ولا يَسْتَعِدُّوا لَهم، ثُمَّ كَثَّرَهم حَتّى يَرَوْنَهم مِثْلَيْهِمْ لِتَفْجَأهُمُ الكَثْرَةُ فَتَبْهَتُهم وتَكْسِرُ قُلُوبَهم، وهَذا مِن عَظائِمَ آياتِ تِلْكَ الوَقْعَةِ فَإنَّ البَصَرَ وإنْ كانَ قَدْ يَرى الكَثِيرَ قَلِيلًا والقَلِيلَ كَثِيرًا لَكِنْ لا عَلى هَذا الوَجْهِ ولا إلى هَذا الحَدِّ، وإنَّما يُتَصَوَّرُ ذَلِكَ بِصَدِّ اللَّهِ الأبْصارَ عَنْ إبْصارِ بَعْضٍ دُونِ بَعْضٍ مَعَ التَّساوِي في الشُّرُوطِ.

﴿لِيَقْضِيَ اللَّهُ أمْرًا كانَ مَفْعُولا﴾ كَرَّرَهُ لِاخْتِلافِ الفِعْلِ المُعَلَّلِ بِهِ، أوْ لِأنَّ المُرادَ بِالأمْرِ ثَمَّةَ الِاكْتِفاءُ عَلى الوَجْهِ المَحْكِيِّ وها هُنا إعْزازُ الإسْلامِ وأهْلِهِ وإذْلالُ الإشْراكِ وحِزْبِهِ. ﴿وَإلى اللَّهِ تُرْجَعُ الأُمُورُ﴾ .

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Page 182

Al-AnfalJuz 10 · Page 182

8:41

۞ وَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّمَا غَنِمۡتُم مِّن شَيۡءٖ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُۥ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ وَٱلۡيَتَٰمَىٰ وَٱلۡمَسَٰكِينِ وَٱبۡنِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ إِن كُنتُمۡ ءَامَنتُم بِٱللَّهِ وَمَآ أَنزَلۡنَا عَلَىٰ عَبۡدِنَا يَوۡمَ ٱلۡفُرۡقَانِ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡتَقَى ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٌ ٤١

And know that anything you obtain of war booty - then indeed, for Allāh is one fifth of it and for the Messenger1 and for [his] near relatives2 and the orphans, the needy, and the [stranded] traveler,3 if you have believed in Allāh and in that which We sent down to Our Servant4 on the day of criterion [i.e., decisive encounter] - the day when the two armies met [at Badr]. And Allāh, over all things, is competent.

4 translator’s notes
  1. To be spent in Allāh's cause.

    [449] The tribes of Banū Hāshim and Banū Muṭṭalib, who were not eligible for zakāh.

    [450] The remaining four fifths are divided among the soldiers.

    [451] Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ).

    ↩
  2. ↩
  3. ↩
  4. ↩

8:42

إِذۡ أَنتُم بِٱلۡعُدۡوَةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَهُم بِٱلۡعُدۡوَةِ ٱلۡقُصۡوَىٰ وَٱلرَّكۡبُ أَسۡفَلَ مِنكُمۡۚ وَلَوۡ تَوَاعَدتُّمۡ لَٱخۡتَلَفۡتُمۡ فِي ٱلۡمِيعَٰدِ وَلَٰكِن لِّيَقۡضِيَ ٱللَّهُ أَمۡرٗا كَانَ مَفۡعُولٗا لِّيَهۡلِكَ مَنۡ هَلَكَ عَنۢ بَيِّنَةٖ وَيَحۡيَىٰ مَنۡ حَيَّ عَنۢ بَيِّنَةٖۗ وَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَسَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ ٤٢

[Remember] when you were on the near side of the valley, and they were on the farther side, and the caravan was lower [in position] than you. If you had made an appointment [to meet], you would have missed the appointment. But [it was] so that Allāh might accomplish a matter already destined - that those who perished [through disbelief] would perish upon evidence and those who lived [in faith] would live upon evidence; and indeed, Allāh is Hearing and Knowing.

8:43

إِذۡ يُرِيكَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ فِي مَنَامِكَ قَلِيلٗاۖ وَلَوۡ أَرَىٰكَهُمۡ كَثِيرٗا لَّفَشِلۡتُمۡ وَلَتَنَٰزَعۡتُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَمۡرِ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَلَّمَۚ إِنَّهُۥ عَلِيمُۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ ٤٣

[Remember, O Muḥammad], when Allāh showed them to you in your dream as few; and if He had shown them to you as many, you [believers] would have lost courage and would have disputed in the matter [of whether to fight], but Allāh saved [you from that]. Indeed, He is Knowing of that within the breasts.

8:44

وَإِذۡ يُرِيكُمُوهُمۡ إِذِ ٱلۡتَقَيۡتُمۡ فِيٓ أَعۡيُنِكُمۡ قَلِيلٗا وَيُقَلِّلُكُمۡ فِيٓ أَعۡيُنِهِمۡ لِيَقۡضِيَ ٱللَّهُ أَمۡرٗا كَانَ مَفۡعُولٗاۗ وَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ تُرۡجَعُ ٱلۡأُمُورُ ٤٤

And [remember] when He showed them to you, when you met, as few in your eyes, and He made you [appear] as few in their eyes so that Allāh might accomplish a matter already destined. And to Allāh are [all] matters returned.

8:45

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا لَقِيتُمۡ فِئَةٗ فَٱثۡبُتُواْ وَٱذۡكُرُواْ ٱللَّهَ كَثِيرٗا لَّعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ ٤٥

O you who have believed, when you encounter a company [from the enemy forces], stand firm and remember Allāh much that you may be successful.

Al-BaydawiTafsir · 8:44

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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