Al-Anfal 8:74
The Spoils of War · Juz 10 · Page 186
وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاوَواْ وَّنَصَرُوٓاْ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ حَقّٗاۚ لَّهُم مَّغۡفِرَةٞ وَرِزۡقٞ كَرِيمٞ ٧٤
But those who have believed and emigrated and fought in the cause of Allāh and those who gave shelter and aided - it is they who are the believers, truly. For them is forgiveness and noble provision.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ibn al-Jawzi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 8:73–74
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿والَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بَعْضُهم أوْلِياءُ بَعْضٍ﴾ فِيهِ قَوْلانِ.
أحَدُهُما: في المِيراثِ، قالَهُ ابْنُ عَبّاسٍ.
والثّانِي في النُّصْرَةِ، قالَهُ قَتادَةُ.
وَفِي قَوْلِهِ: ﴿إلا تَفْعَلُوهُ﴾ قَوْلانِ.
أحَدُهُما: أنَّهُ يَرْجِعُ إلى المِيراثِ، فالمَعْنى: إلّا تَأْخُذُوا في المِيراثِ بِما أمَرْتُكم، قالَهُ ابْنُ عَبّاسٍ.
والثّانِي: أنَّهُ يَرْجِعُ إلى التَّناصُرِ. فالمَعْنى: إلّا تَتَعاوَنُوا وتَتَناصَرُوا في الدِّينِ، قالَهُ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ. وبَيانُهُ: أنَّهُ إذا لَمْ يَتَوَلَّ المُؤْمِنَ تُوَلِّيًا حَقًّا، ويَتَبَرَّأ مِنَ الكافِرِ جِدًّا، أدّى ذَلِكَ إلى الضَّلالِ والفَسادِ في الدِّينِ. فَإذا هَجَرَ المُسْلِمُ أقارِبَهُ الكُفّارَ، ونَصَرَ المُسْلِمِينَ، كانَ ذَلِكَ أدْعى لِأقارِبِهِ الكُفّارِ إلى الإسْلامِ وتَرَكَ الشِّرْكَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿وَفَسادٌ كَبِيرٌ﴾ قَرَأ أبُو هُرَيْرَةَ، وابْنُ سِيرِينَ، وابْنُ السَّمَيْفَعِ: "كَثِيرٍ" بِالثّاءِ.
(p-٣٨٧)قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿أُولَئِكَ هُمُ المُؤْمِنُونَ حَقًّا﴾ أيْ: هُمُ الَّذِينَ حَقَّقُوا إيمانَهم بِما يَقْتَضِيهِ مِنَ الهِجْرَةِ والنُّصْرَةِ، بِخِلافِ مَن أقامَ بِدارِ الشِّرْكِ. والرِّزْقُ الكَرِيمُ: هو الحَسَنُ، وذَلِكَ في الجَنَّةِ.
Page 186
8:70
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِيُّ قُل لِّمَن فِيٓ أَيۡدِيكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡأَسۡرَىٰٓ إِن يَعۡلَمِ ٱللَّهُ فِي قُلُوبِكُمۡ خَيۡرٗا يُؤۡتِكُمۡ خَيۡرٗا مِّمَّآ أُخِذَ مِنكُمۡ وَيَغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٧٠
O Prophet, say to whoever is in your hands of the captives, "If Allāh knows [any] good in your hearts, He will give you [something] better than what was taken from you, and He will forgive you; and Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful."
8:71
وَإِن يُرِيدُواْ خِيَانَتَكَ فَقَدۡ خَانُواْ ٱللَّهَ مِن قَبۡلُ فَأَمۡكَنَ مِنۡهُمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ ٧١
But if they intend to betray you - then they have already betrayed Allāh before, and He empowered [you] over them. And Allāh is Knowing and Wise.
8:72
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاوَواْ وَّنَصَرُوٓاْ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءُ بَعۡضٖۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَمۡ يُهَاجِرُواْ مَا لَكُم مِّن وَلَٰيَتِهِم مِّن شَيۡءٍ حَتَّىٰ يُهَاجِرُواْۚ وَإِنِ ٱسۡتَنصَرُوكُمۡ فِي ٱلدِّينِ فَعَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلنَّصۡرُ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ قَوۡمِۭ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٞۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ بَصِيرٞ ٧٢
Indeed, those who have believed and emigrated and fought with their wealth and lives in the cause of Allāh and those who gave shelter and aided - they are allies of one another. But those who believed and did not emigrate - for you there is no support of them until they emigrate. And if they seek help of you for the religion, then you must help, except against a people between yourselves and whom is a treaty. And Allāh is Seeing of what you do.
8:73
وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءُ بَعۡضٍۚ إِلَّا تَفۡعَلُوهُ تَكُن فِتۡنَةٞ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَفَسَادٞ كَبِيرٞ ٧٣
And those who disbelieved are allies of one another. If you do not do so [i.e., ally yourselves with other believers], there will be fitnah [i.e., disbelief and oppression] on earth and great corruption.
8:74
وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاوَواْ وَّنَصَرُوٓاْ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ حَقّٗاۚ لَّهُم مَّغۡفِرَةٞ وَرِزۡقٞ كَرِيمٞ ٧٤
But those who have believed and emigrated and fought in the cause of Allāh and those who gave shelter and aided - it is they who are the believers, truly. For them is forgiveness and noble provision.
8:75
وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مِنۢ بَعۡدُ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ مَعَكُمۡ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مِنكُمۡۚ وَأُوْلُواْ ٱلۡأَرۡحَامِ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلَىٰ بِبَعۡضٖ فِي كِتَٰبِ ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمُۢ ٧٥
And those who believed after [the initial emigration] and emigrated and fought with you - they are of you. But those of [blood] relationship are more entitled [to inheritance] in the decree of Allāh.1 Indeed, Allāh is Knowing of all things.
1 translator’s note
- This applies to Muslim relatives only. Others may be given by bequest. See 4:11. ↩