Al-Mutaffifin 83:14
The Defrauding · Juz 30 · Page 588
كـَلَّاۖ بَلۡۜ رَانَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِم مَّا كَانُواْ يَكۡسِبُونَ ١٤
No! Rather, the stain has covered their hearts of that which they were earning.1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., their sins. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ash-Shinqiti
Detailed
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Commentary on 83:14
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿كَلّا بَلْ رانَ عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ ما كانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ﴾
”رانَ“: بِمَعْنى غَطّى كَما في الحَدِيثِ: «إذا أذْنَبَ العَبْدُ نُكِتَ في قَلْبِهِ نُكْتَةٌ سَوْداءُ، وما يَزالُ كَذَلِكَ حَتّى يُغَطِّيَهُ» الحَدِيثَ.
وَقالَ الشّاعِرُ:
؎وَكَمْ رانَ مِن ذَنْبٍ عَلى قَلْبِ فاجِرِ فَتابَ مِنَ الذَّنْبِ الَّذِي رانَ فانْجَلى
وَقالَ أبُو حَيّانَ: وأصْلُ الرَّيْنِ: الغَلَبَةُ، يُقالُ: رانَتِ الخَمْرُ عَلى عَقْلِ شارِبِها واشْتَدَّتْ:
؎ثُمَّ لَمّا رَآهُ رانَتْ بِهِ الخَـ ∗∗∗ ـمْرُ وألّا يُرِيَهُ بِانْتِفاءِ
بَيانُ القِراءاتِ في هَذِهِ الآيَةِ:
قالَ أبُو حَيّانَ: قُرِئَ ”بَلْ رانَ“ بِإدْغامِ اللّامِ في الرّاءِ، وبِالإظْهارِ وقَفَ حَفْصٌ عَلى ”بَلْ“ وقْفًا خَفِيفًا يَسِيرًا لِيَتَبَيَّنَ الإظْهارُ.
وَقالَ أبُو جَعْفَرِ بْنِ الباذِشِ: وأجْمَعُوا - يَعْنِي القُرّاءَ - عَلى إدْغامِ اللّامِ في الرّاءِ، إلّا ما كانَ مِن سَكْتِ حَفْصٍ عَلى ”بَلْ“، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: ”رانَ“ .
وَهَذا الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ كَما ذَكَرَ مِنَ الإجْماعِ.
فَفِي كِتابِ ”اللَّوامِعِ“ عَنْ قالُونَ مِن جَمِيعِ طُرُقِهِ: إظْهارُ اللّامِ عِنْدَ الرّاءِ نَحْوَ قَوْلِهِ: (p-٤٦٣)﴿بَلْ رَفَعَهُ اللَّهُ إلَيْهِ﴾ [النساء: ١٥٨] ”بَلْ رَبُّكم“ [الأنبياء: ٥٦] .
وَفِي كِتابِ ابْنِ عَطِيَّةَ. وقَرَأ نافِعٌ: ”بَلْ رانَ“ مِن غَيْرِ مُدْغَمٍ.
وَفِيهِ أيْضًا: وقَرَأ نافِعٌ أيْضًا بِالإدْغامِ والإمالَةِ.
وَقالَ سِيبَوَيْهِ: البَيانُ والإدْغامُ حَسَنانِ.
وَقالَ الزَّمَخْشَرِيُّ: وقُرِئَ بِإدْغامِ اللّامِ في الرّاءِ، وبِالإظْهارِ والإدْغامِ أجْوَدُ، وأُمِيلَتِ الألِفُ وفُخِّمَتْ. اهـ.
أمّا المَعْنى فَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ لِلشَّيْخِ - رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ تَعالى عَلَيْنا وعَلَيْهِ - بَيانُ ذَلِكَ وافِيًا في سُورَةِ ”الكَهْفِ“ عِنْدَ الكَلامِ عَلى قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿إنّا جَعَلْنا عَلى قُلُوبِهِمْ أكِنَّةً أنْ يَفْقَهُوهُ﴾ الآيَةَ [الكهف: ٥٧] .
Page 588
83:7
كـَلَّآ إِنَّ كِتَٰبَ ٱلۡفُجَّارِ لَفِي سِجِّينٖ ٧
No! Indeed, the record of the wicked is in sijjeen.
83:8
وَمَآ أَدۡرَىٰكَ مَا سِجِّينٞ ٨
And what can make you know what is sijjeen?
83:9
كِتَٰبٞ مَّرۡقُومٞ ٩
It is [their destination1 recorded in] a register inscribed.
1 translator’s note
- The lowest depths of Hell. ↩
83:10
وَيۡلٞ يَوۡمَئِذٖ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِينَ ١٠
Woe, that Day, to the deniers,
83:11
ٱلَّذِينَ يُكَذِّبُونَ بِيَوۡمِ ٱلدِّينِ ١١
Who deny the Day of Recompense.
83:12
وَمَا يُكَذِّبُ بِهِۦٓ إِلَّا كُلُّ مُعۡتَدٍ أَثِيمٍ ١٢
And none deny it except every sinful transgressor.
83:13
إِذَا تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡهِ ءَايَٰتُنَا قَالَ أَسَٰطِيرُ ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ ١٣
When Our verses are recited to him, he says, "Legends of the former peoples."
83:14
كـَلَّاۖ بَلۡۜ رَانَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِم مَّا كَانُواْ يَكۡسِبُونَ ١٤
No! Rather, the stain has covered their hearts of that which they were earning.1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., their sins. ↩
83:15
كـَلَّآ إِنَّهُمۡ عَن رَّبِّهِمۡ يَوۡمَئِذٖ لَّمَحۡجُوبُونَ ١٥
No! Indeed, from their Lord, that Day, they will be partitioned.1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., they will not be able to see Him. ↩
83:16
ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمۡ لَصَالُواْ ٱلۡجَحِيمِ ١٦
Then indeed, they will [enter and] burn in Hellfire.
83:17
ثُمَّ يُقَالُ هَٰذَا ٱلَّذِي كُنتُم بِهِۦ تُكَذِّبُونَ ١٧
Then it will be said [to them], "This is what you used to deny."
83:18
كـَلَّآ إِنَّ كِتَٰبَ ٱلۡأَبۡرَارِ لَفِي عِلِّيِّينَ ١٨
No! Indeed, the record of the righteous is in ʿilliyyūn.
83:19
وَمَآ أَدۡرَىٰكَ مَا عِلِّيُّونَ ١٩
And what can make you know what is ʿilliyyūn?
83:20
كِتَٰبٞ مَّرۡقُومٞ ٢٠
It is [their destination1 recorded in] a register inscribed
1 translator’s note
- The highest elevations of Paradise. ↩
83:21
يَشۡهَدُهُ ٱلۡمُقَرَّبُونَ ٢١
Which is witnessed by those brought near [to Allāh].
83:22
إِنَّ ٱلۡأَبۡرَارَ لَفِي نَعِيمٍ ٢٢
Indeed, the righteous will be in pleasure
83:23
عَلَى ٱلۡأَرَآئِكِ يَنظُرُونَ ٢٣
On adorned couches, observing.
83:24
تَعۡرِفُ فِي وُجُوهِهِمۡ نَضۡرَةَ ٱلنَّعِيمِ ٢٤
You will recognize in their faces the radiance of pleasure.
83:25
يُسۡقَوۡنَ مِن رَّحِيقٖ مَّخۡتُومٍ ٢٥
They will be given to drink [pure] wine1 [which was] sealed.
1 translator’s note
- Which is delicious and does not intoxicate. ↩
83:26
خِتَٰمُهُۥ مِسۡكٞۚ وَفِي ذَٰلِكَ فَلۡيَتَنَافَسِ ٱلۡمُتَنَٰفِسُونَ ٢٦
The last of it1 is musk. So for this let the competitors compete.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., its lingering odor. ↩
83:27
وَمِزَاجُهُۥ مِن تَسۡنِيمٍ ٢٧
And its mixture is of Tasneem,1
1 translator’s note
- The highest spring in Paradise and the most favored drink of its inhabitants. ↩
83:28
عَيۡنٗا يَشۡرَبُ بِهَا ٱلۡمُقَرَّبُونَ ٢٨
A spring from which those near [to Allāh] drink.
83:29
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ أَجۡرَمُواْ كَانُواْ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ يَضۡحَكُونَ ٢٩
Indeed, those who committed crimes used to laugh at those who believed.
83:30
وَإِذَا مَرُّواْ بِهِمۡ يَتَغَامَزُونَ ٣٠
And when they passed by them, they would exchange derisive glances.
83:31
وَإِذَا ٱنقَلَبُوٓاْ إِلَىٰٓ أَهۡلِهِمُ ٱنقَلَبُواْ فَكِهِينَ ٣١
And when they returned to their people, they would return jesting.
83:32
وَإِذَا رَأَوۡهُمۡ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ لَضَآلُّونَ ٣٢
And when they saw them, they would say, "Indeed, those are truly lost."
83:33
وَمَآ أُرۡسِلُواْ عَلَيۡهِمۡ حَٰفِظِينَ ٣٣
But they had not been sent as guardians over them.
83:34
فَٱلۡيَوۡمَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مِنَ ٱلۡكُفَّارِ يَضۡحَكُونَ ٣٤
So Today1 those who believed are laughing at the disbelievers,
1 translator’s note
- On the Day of Judgement. ↩