At-Tawbah 9:13
The Repentance · Juz 10 · Page 188
أَلَا تُقَٰتِلُونَ قَوۡمٗا نَّكَثُوٓاْ أَيۡمَٰنَهُمۡ وَهَمُّواْ بِإِخۡرَاجِ ٱلرَّسُولِ وَهُم بَدَءُوكُمۡ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍۚ أَتَخۡشَوۡنَهُمۡۚ فَٱللَّهُ أَحَقُّ أَن تَخۡشَوۡهُ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ١٣
Would you not fight against a people who broke their oaths and determined to expel the Messenger, and they had begun [the attack upon] you the first time? Do you fear them? But Allāh has more right that you should fear Him, if you are [truly] believers.
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Commentary on 9:13
﴿أَلا﴾ أداة حض. ﴿تُقاتِلُونَ﴾ فعل مضارع وفاعل و ﴿قَوْماً﴾ مفعول به والجملة مستأنفة. وجملة ﴿نَكَثُوا أَيْمانَهُمْ﴾ في محل نصب صفة. ﴿وَهَمُّوا﴾ الجملة الفعلية معطوفة. ﴿بِإِخْراجِ﴾ متعلقان بالفعل.
﴿الرَّسُولِ﴾ مضاف إليه. ﴿وَهُمْ﴾ ضمير منفصل في محل رفع مبتدأ، والواو عاطفة. ﴿بَدَؤُكُمْ﴾ فعل ماض وفاعل ومفعول به والجملة في محل رفع خبر المبتدأ.
﴿أَوَّلَ﴾ ظرف زمان متعلق بالفعل. ﴿مَرَّةٍ﴾ مضاف إليه. ﴿أَتَخْشَوْنَهُمْ﴾ فعل مضارع مرفوع بثبوت النون، والواو فاعل والهاء مفعول به، والهمزة للاستفهام، والجملة مستأنفة. ﴿فَاللَّهُ﴾ لفظ الجلالة مبتدأ والفاء استئنافية. ﴿أَحَقُّ﴾ خبر. ﴿أَنْ﴾ حرف ناصب ﴿تَخْشَوْهُ﴾ مضارع منصوب بأن والواو فاعله والهاء مفعوله والمصدر المؤول من أن والفعل في محل جر بالباء المحذوفة ومتعلقان بأحق أي الله أحق بالخشية. ﴿أَنْ﴾ شرطية. ﴿كُنْتُمْ﴾ كان واسمها. ﴿مُؤْمِنِينَ﴾ خبرها منصوب وعلامة نصبه الياء لأنه جمع مذكر سالم، والجملة ابتدائية لا محل لها.
Page 188
9:7
كَيۡفَ يَكُونُ لِلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ عَهۡدٌ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَعِندَ رَسُولِهِۦٓ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ عَٰهَدتُّمۡ عِندَ ٱلۡمَسۡجِدِ ٱلۡحَرَامِۖ فَمَا ٱسۡتَقَٰمُواْ لَكُمۡ فَٱسۡتَقِيمُواْ لَهُمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ ٧
How can there be for the polytheists a treaty in the sight of Allāh and with His Messenger, except for those with whom you made a treaty at al-Masjid al-Ḥarām? So as long as they are upright toward you,1 be upright toward them. Indeed, Allāh loves the righteous [who fear Him].
1 translator’s note
- i.e., maintain the terms of the treaty. ↩
9:8
كَيۡفَ وَإِن يَظۡهَرُواْ عَلَيۡكُمۡ لَا يَرۡقُبُواْ فِيكُمۡ إِلّٗا وَلَا ذِمَّةٗۚ يُرۡضُونَكُم بِأَفۡوَٰهِهِمۡ وَتَأۡبَىٰ قُلُوبُهُمۡ وَأَكۡثَرُهُمۡ فَٰسِقُونَ ٨
How [can there be a treaty] while, if they gain dominance over you, they do not observe concerning you any pact of kinship or covenant of protection? They satisfy you with their mouths, but their hearts refuse [compliance], and most of them are defiantly disobedient.
9:9
ٱشۡتَرَوۡاْ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ ثَمَنٗا قَلِيلٗا فَصَدُّواْ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦٓۚ إِنَّهُمۡ سَآءَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ٩
They have exchanged the signs of Allāh for a small price and averted [people] from His way. Indeed, it was evil that they were doing.
9:10
لَا يَرۡقُبُونَ فِي مُؤۡمِنٍ إِلّٗا وَلَا ذِمَّةٗۚ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُعۡتَدُونَ ١٠
They do not observe toward a believer any pact of kinship or covenant of protection. And it is they who are the transgressors.
9:11
فَإِن تَابُواْ وَأَقَامُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَوُاْ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ فَإِخۡوَٰنُكُمۡ فِي ٱلدِّينِۗ وَنُفَصِّلُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِ لِقَوۡمٖ يَعۡلَمُونَ ١١
But if they repent, establish prayer, and give zakāh, then they are your brothers in religion; and We detail the verses for a people who know.
9:12
وَإِن نَّكَثُوٓاْ أَيۡمَٰنَهُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ عَهۡدِهِمۡ وَطَعَنُواْ فِي دِينِكُمۡ فَقَٰتِلُوٓاْ أَئِمَّةَ ٱلۡكُفۡرِ إِنَّهُمۡ لَآ أَيۡمَٰنَ لَهُمۡ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَنتَهُونَ ١٢
And if they break their oaths after their treaty and defame your religion, then combat the leaders of disbelief, for indeed, there are no oaths [sacred] to them; [fight them that] they might cease.
9:13
أَلَا تُقَٰتِلُونَ قَوۡمٗا نَّكَثُوٓاْ أَيۡمَٰنَهُمۡ وَهَمُّواْ بِإِخۡرَاجِ ٱلرَّسُولِ وَهُم بَدَءُوكُمۡ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍۚ أَتَخۡشَوۡنَهُمۡۚ فَٱللَّهُ أَحَقُّ أَن تَخۡشَوۡهُ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ١٣
Would you not fight against a people who broke their oaths and determined to expel the Messenger, and they had begun [the attack upon] you the first time? Do you fear them? But Allāh has more right that you should fear Him, if you are [truly] believers.
Translation: Saheeh International · Text and layout: Quran Foundation · Mushaf fonts: King Fahd Complex, provided by Quran Foundation · Privacy