At-TawbahJuz 10 · Page 191

At-Tawbah 9:31

The Repentance · Juz 10 · Page 191

ٱتَّخَذُوٓاْ أَحۡبَارَهُمۡ وَرُهۡبَٰنَهُمۡ أَرۡبَابٗا مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡمَسِيحَ ٱبۡنَ مَرۡيَمَ وَمَآ أُمِرُوٓاْ إِلَّا لِيَعۡبُدُوٓاْ إِلَٰهٗا وَٰحِدٗاۖ لَّآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَۚ سُبۡحَٰنَهُۥ عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُونَ ٣١

They have taken their scholars and monks as lords besides Allāh,1 and [also] the Messiah, the son of Mary.2 And they were not commanded except to worship one God; there is no deity except Him. Exalted is He above whatever they associate with Him.

2 translator’s notes
  1. By their obedience to them rather than to what Allāh ordained.

    [468] By their worship of him in conjunction with Allāh.

    ↩
  2. ↩

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Commentary on 9:31

وهذا ـ وإن كان يستغرب على أمة كبيرة كثيرة، أن تتفق على قول ـ يدل على بطلانه أدنى تفكر وتسليط للعقل عليه، فإن لذلك سببا وهو أنهم‏:‏ ‏{‏اتَّخَذُوا أَحْبَارَهُمْ‏}‏ وهم علماؤهم ‏{‏وَرُهْبَانَهُمْ‏}‏ أي‏:‏ العُبَّاد المتجردين للعبادة‏.‏ ‏{‏أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ‏}‏ يُحِلُّون لهم ما حرم اللّه فيحلونه، ويحرمون لهم ما أحل اللّه فيحرمونه، ويشرعون لهم من الشرائع والأقوال المنافية لدين الرسل فيتبعونهم عليها‏.‏ وكانوا أيضًا يغلون في مشايخهم وعبادهم ويعظمونهم، ويتخذون قبورهم أوثانا تعبد من دون اللّه، وتقصد بالذبائح، والدعاء والاستغاثة‏.‏ ‏{‏وَالْمَسِيحَ ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ‏}‏ اتخذوه إلها من دون اللّه، والحال أنهم خالفوا في ذلك أمر اللّه لهم على ألسنة رسله فما ‏{‏أُمِرُوا إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُوا إِلَهًا وَاحِدًا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ‏}‏ فيخلصون له العبادة والطاعة، ويخصونه بالمحبة والدعاء، فنبذوا أمر اللّه وأشركوا به ما لم ينزل به سلطانًا‏.‏ ‏{‏سُبْحَانَهُ‏}‏ وتعالى ‏{‏عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ‏}‏ أي‏:‏ تنزه وتقدس، وتعالت عظمته عن شركهم وافترائهم، فإنهم ينتقصونه في ذلك، ويصفونه بما لا يليق بجلاله، واللّه تعالى العالي في أوصافه وأفعاله عن كل ما نسب إليه، مما ينافي كماله المقدس‏.‏

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Page 191

At-TawbahJuz 10 · Page 191

9:27

ثُمَّ يَتُوبُ ٱللَّهُ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَىٰ مَن يَشَآءُۗ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٢٧

Then Allāh will accept repentance after that for whom He wills; and Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.

9:28

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِنَّمَا ٱلۡمُشۡرِكُونَ نَجَسٞ فَلَا يَقۡرَبُواْ ٱلۡمَسۡجِدَ ٱلۡحَرَامَ بَعۡدَ عَامِهِمۡ هَٰذَاۚ وَإِنۡ خِفۡتُمۡ عَيۡلَةٗ فَسَوۡفَ يُغۡنِيكُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦٓ إِن شَآءَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٞ ٢٨

O you who have believed, indeed the polytheists are unclean, so let them not approach al-Masjid al-Ḥarām after this, their [final] year. And if you fear privation, Allāh will enrich you from His bounty if He wills. Indeed, Allāh is Knowing and Wise.

9:29

قَٰتِلُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَلَا بِٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ ٱللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُۥ وَلَا يَدِينُونَ دِينَ ٱلۡحَقِّ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ حَتَّىٰ يُعۡطُواْ ٱلۡجِزۡيَةَ عَن يَدٖ وَهُمۡ صَٰغِرُونَ ٢٩

Fight against those who do not believe in Allāh or in the Last Day and who do not consider unlawful what Allāh and His Messenger have made unlawful and who do not adopt the religion of truth [i.e., Islām] from those who were given the Scripture - [fight] until they give the jizyah1 willingly while they are humbled.

1 translator’s note
  1. A tax required of non-Muslims exempting them from military service and entitling them to the protection of the Islāmic state. Concurrently, zakāh is not taken from them, being an obligation only upon Muslims. ↩

9:30

وَقَالَتِ ٱلۡيَهُودُ عُزَيۡرٌ ٱبۡنُ ٱللَّهِ وَقَالَتِ ٱلنَّصَٰرَى ٱلۡمَسِيحُ ٱبۡنُ ٱللَّهِۖ ذَٰلِكَ قَوۡلُهُم بِأَفۡوَٰهِهِمۡۖ يُضَٰهِـُٔونَ قَوۡلَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن قَبۡلُۚ قَٰتَلَهُمُ ٱللَّهُۖ أَنَّىٰ يُؤۡفَكُونَ ٣٠

The Jews say, "Ezra is the son of Allāh"; and the Christians say, "The Messiah is the son of Allāh." That is their statement from their mouths; they imitate the saying of those who disbelieved before [them]. May Allāh destroy them; how are they deluded?

9:31

ٱتَّخَذُوٓاْ أَحۡبَارَهُمۡ وَرُهۡبَٰنَهُمۡ أَرۡبَابٗا مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡمَسِيحَ ٱبۡنَ مَرۡيَمَ وَمَآ أُمِرُوٓاْ إِلَّا لِيَعۡبُدُوٓاْ إِلَٰهٗا وَٰحِدٗاۖ لَّآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَۚ سُبۡحَٰنَهُۥ عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُونَ ٣١

They have taken their scholars and monks as lords besides Allāh,1 and [also] the Messiah, the son of Mary.2 And they were not commanded except to worship one God; there is no deity except Him. Exalted is He above whatever they associate with Him.

2 translator’s notes
  1. By their obedience to them rather than to what Allāh ordained.

    [468] By their worship of him in conjunction with Allāh.

    ↩
  2. ↩
As-Sa'diTafsir · 9:31

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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