At-Tawbah 9:50
The Repentance · Juz 10 · Page 195
إِن تُصِبۡكَ حَسَنَةٞ تَسُؤۡهُمۡۖ وَإِن تُصِبۡكَ مُصِيبَةٞ يَقُولُواْ قَدۡ أَخَذۡنَآ أَمۡرَنَا مِن قَبۡلُ وَيَتَوَلَّواْ وَّهُمۡ فَرِحُونَ ٥٠
If good befalls you, it distresses them; but if disaster strikes you, they say, "We took our matter [in hand] before,"1 and turn away while they are rejoicing.
1 translator’s note
- The hypocrites claim to have protected themselves by remaining behind. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Abu as-Su'ud
Detailed
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Commentary on 9:50
﴿إنْ تُصِبْكَ﴾ في بَعْضِ مَغازِيكَ ﴿حَسَنَةٌ﴾ مِنَ الظَّفَرِ والغَنِيمَةِ ﴿تَسُؤْهُمْ﴾ تِلْكَ الحَسَنَةُ، (p-73)أيْ: تُورِثُهم مَساءَةً لِفَرْطِ حَسَدِهِمْ وعَدَواتِهِمْ لَكَ ﴿وَإنْ تُصِبْكَ﴾ في بَعْضِها ﴿مُصِيبَةٌ﴾ مِن نَوْعِ شِدَّةٍ ﴿يَقُولُوا﴾ مُتَبَجِّحِينَ بِما صَنَعُوا حامِدِينَ لِآرائِهِمْ ﴿قَدْ أخَذْنا أمْرَنا﴾ أيْ: تَلافَيْنا ما يُهِمُّنا مِنَ الأمْرِ، يَعْنُونَ بِهِ الِاعْتِزالَ عَنِ المُسْلِمِينَ، والقُعُودَ عَنِ الحَرْبِ، والمُداراةَ مَعَ الكَفَرَةِ، وغَيْرَ ذَلِكَ مِن أُمُورِ الكُفْرِ والنِّفاقِ قَوْلًا وفِعْلًا ﴿مِن قَبْلُ﴾ أيْ: مِن قَبْلِ إصابَةِ المُصِيبَةِ في وقْتِ تَدارُكِهِ، يُشِيرُونَ بِذَلِكَ إلى أنَّ المُعامَلَةَ المَذْكُورَةَ إنَّما تُرَوَّجُ عِنْدَ الكَفَرَةِ بِوُقُوعِها حالَ قُوَّةِ الإسْلامِ لا بَعْدَ إصابَةِ المُصِيبَةِ ﴿وَيَتَوَلَّوْا﴾ عَنْ مَجْلِسِ الِاجْتِماعِ والتَّحَدُّثِ إلى أهالِيهِمْ، أوْ يُعْرِضُوا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ﴿وَهم فَرِحُونَ﴾ بِما صَنَعُوا مِن أخْذِ الأمْرِ، وبِما أصابَهُ ﷺ والجُمْلَةُ حالٌ مِنَ الضَّمِيرِ في "يَقُولُوا" و"يَتَوَلَّوْا" لا في الأخِيرِ فَقَطْ لِمُقارَنَةِ الفَرَحِ لَهُما مَعًا، وإيثارُ الجُمْلَةِ الِاسْمِيَّةِ لِلدَّلالَةِ عَلى دَوامِ السُّرُورِ، وإسْنادُ المَساءَةِ إلى الحَسَنَةِ والمَسَرَّةِ إلى أنْفُسِهِمْ دُونَ المُصِيبَةِ - بِأنْ يُقالَ: وإنْ تُصِبْكَ مُصِيبَةٌ تَسْرُرْهم - لِلْإيذانِ بِاخْتِلافِ حالَيْهِمْ حالَتَيْ عُرُوضِ المَساءَةِ والمَسَرَّةِ، بِأنَّهم في الأُولى مُضْطَرُّونَ وفي الثّانِيَةِ مُخْتارُونَ.
Page 195
9:48
لَقَدِ ٱبۡتَغَوُاْ ٱلۡفِتۡنَةَ مِن قَبۡلُ وَقَلَّبُواْ لَكَ ٱلۡأُمُورَ حَتَّىٰ جَآءَ ٱلۡحَقُّ وَظَهَرَ أَمۡرُ ٱللَّهِ وَهُمۡ كَٰرِهُونَ ٤٨
They had already desired dissension before and had upset matters for you1 until the truth came and the ordinance [i.e., victory] of Allāh appeared, while they were averse.
1 translator’s note
- Or "turned matters related to you over [in their minds, considering how to cause you failure]." ↩
9:49
وَمِنۡهُم مَّن يَقُولُ ٱئۡذَن لِّي وَلَا تَفۡتِنِّيٓۚ أَلَا فِي ٱلۡفِتۡنَةِ سَقَطُواْۗ وَإِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ لَمُحِيطَةُۢ بِٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٤٩
And among them is he who says, "Permit me [to remain at home] and do not put me to trial." Unquestionably, into trial they have fallen.1 And indeed, Hell will encompass the disbelievers.
1 translator’s note
- By avoiding their obligation, they fell into destruction. ↩
9:50
إِن تُصِبۡكَ حَسَنَةٞ تَسُؤۡهُمۡۖ وَإِن تُصِبۡكَ مُصِيبَةٞ يَقُولُواْ قَدۡ أَخَذۡنَآ أَمۡرَنَا مِن قَبۡلُ وَيَتَوَلَّواْ وَّهُمۡ فَرِحُونَ ٥٠
If good befalls you, it distresses them; but if disaster strikes you, they say, "We took our matter [in hand] before,"1 and turn away while they are rejoicing.
1 translator’s note
- The hypocrites claim to have protected themselves by remaining behind. ↩
9:51
قُل لَّن يُصِيبَنَآ إِلَّا مَا كَتَبَ ٱللَّهُ لَنَا هُوَ مَوۡلَىٰنَاۚ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ٥١
Say, "Never will we be struck except by what Allāh has decreed for us; He is our protector." And upon Allāh let the believers rely.
9:52
قُلۡ هَلۡ تَرَبَّصُونَ بِنَآ إِلَّآ إِحۡدَى ٱلۡحُسۡنَيَيۡنِۖ وَنَحۡنُ نَتَرَبَّصُ بِكُمۡ أَن يُصِيبَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِعَذَابٖ مِّنۡ عِندِهِۦٓ أَوۡ بِأَيۡدِينَاۖ فَتَرَبَّصُوٓاْ إِنَّا مَعَكُم مُّتَرَبِّصُونَ ٥٢
Say, "Do you await for us except one of the two best things [i.e., martyrdom or victory] while we await for you that Allāh will afflict you with punishment from Himself or at our hands? So wait; indeed we, along with you, are waiting."
9:53
قُلۡ أَنفِقُواْ طَوۡعًا أَوۡ كَرۡهٗا لَّن يُتَقَبَّلَ مِنكُمۡ إِنَّكُمۡ كُنتُمۡ قَوۡمٗا فَٰسِقِينَ ٥٣
Say, "Spend willingly or unwillingly; never will it be accepted from you. Indeed, you have been a defiantly disobedient people."
9:54
وَمَا مَنَعَهُمۡ أَن تُقۡبَلَ مِنۡهُمۡ نَفَقَٰتُهُمۡ إِلَّآ أَنَّهُمۡ كَفَرُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَبِرَسُولِهِۦ وَلَا يَأۡتُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ إِلَّا وَهُمۡ كُسَالَىٰ وَلَا يُنفِقُونَ إِلَّا وَهُمۡ كَٰرِهُونَ ٥٤
And what prevents their expenditures from being accepted from them but that they have disbelieved in Allāh and in His Messenger and that they come not to prayer except while they are lazy and that they do not spend except while they are unwilling.