At-Tawbah 9:81
The Repentance · Juz 10 · Page 200
فَرِحَ ٱلۡمُخَلَّفُونَ بِمَقۡعَدِهِمۡ خِلَٰفَ رَسُولِ ٱللَّهِ وَكَرِهُوٓاْ أَن يُجَٰهِدُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَقَالُواْ لَا تَنفِرُواْ فِي ٱلۡحَرِّۗ قُلۡ نَارُ جَهَنَّمَ أَشَدُّ حَرّٗاۚ لَّوۡ كَانُواْ يَفۡقَهُونَ ٨١
Those who remained behind1 rejoiced in their staying [at home] after [the departure of] the Messenger of Allāh and disliked to strive with their wealth and their lives in the cause of Allāh and said, "Do not go forth in the heat." Say, "The fire of Hell is more intense in heat" - if they would but understand.
1 translator’s note
- Literally, "were left behind [as Allāh willed]" due to their false excuses having been accepted by the Prophet (ﷺ). While pleased with their assumed deception, in reality, Allāh had prevented their participation knowing of their hypocrisy and evil intent. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Az-Zamakhshari
Detailed
Change
Commentary on 9:81
الْمُخَلَّفُونَ الذين استأذنوا رسول الله ﷺ من المنافقين فأذن لهم وخلفهم في المدينة في غزوة تبوك، أو الذين خلفهم كسلهم ونفاقهم والشيطان بِمَقْعَدِهِمْ بقعودهم عن الغزو خِلافَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ خلفه. يقال: أقام خلاف الحي، بمعنى بعدهم ظعنوا ولم يظعن معهم، وتشهد له قراءة أبى حيوة: خلف رسول الله. وقيل: هو بمعنى المخالفة لأنهم خالفوه حيث قعدوا ونهض، وانتصابه على أنه مفعول له أو حال، أى قعدوا لمخالفته أو مخالفين له أَنْ يُجاهِدُوا بِأَمْوالِهِمْ وَأَنْفُسِهِمْ تعريض بالمؤمنين وبتحملهم المشاق العظام لوجه الله تعالى وبما فعلوا من بذل أموالهم وأرواحهم في سبيل الله تعالى وإيثارهم ذلك على الدعة والخفض.
وكره ذلك المنافقون. وكيف لا يكرهونه وما فيهم ما في المؤمنين من باعث الايمان وداعى الإيقان قُلْ نارُ جَهَنَّمَ أَشَدُّ حَرًّا استجهال لهم، لأن من تصوّن من مشقة ساعة فوقع بسبب ذلك التصوّن في مشقة الأبد، كان أجهل من كل جاهل: ولبعضهم:
مَسَرَّةُ أحْقَابٍ تَلَقَّيْتُ بَعْدَهَا ... مَسَاءَةَ يَوْمٍ أرْيُهَا شِبْهُ الصَّابِ
فَكَيْفَ بِأَنْ تَلْقَى مَسرَّةَ سَاعَةٍ ... وَرَاءَ تَقَضِّيهَا مَسَاءَةُ أحْقَابِ [[للزمخشري. و «الأحقاب» الأزمان الكثيرة المتتابعة، جمع حقب بالضم بمعنى الدهر. و «الأرى» العسل. و «الشبه» المثل. و «الصاب» نبت مر الطعم. وقيل: هو الحنظل يقول إن مسرة أزمان كثيرة ترى بعدها مساءة يوم واحد، حالها الشبيه بالعسل هو في الحقيقة شبيه بالحنظل، فكيف الحال بعكس ذلك؟.]]
Page 200
9:80
ٱسۡتَغۡفِرۡ لَهُمۡ أَوۡ لَا تَسۡتَغۡفِرۡ لَهُمۡ إِن تَسۡتَغۡفِرۡ لَهُمۡ سَبۡعِينَ مَرَّةٗ فَلَن يَغۡفِرَ ٱللَّهُ لَهُمۡۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَفَرُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦۗ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ ٨٠
Ask forgiveness for them, [O Muḥammad], or do not ask forgiveness for them. If you should ask forgiveness for them seventy times - never will Allāh forgive them. That is because they disbelieved in Allāh and His Messenger, and Allāh does not guide the defiantly disobedient people.
9:81
فَرِحَ ٱلۡمُخَلَّفُونَ بِمَقۡعَدِهِمۡ خِلَٰفَ رَسُولِ ٱللَّهِ وَكَرِهُوٓاْ أَن يُجَٰهِدُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَقَالُواْ لَا تَنفِرُواْ فِي ٱلۡحَرِّۗ قُلۡ نَارُ جَهَنَّمَ أَشَدُّ حَرّٗاۚ لَّوۡ كَانُواْ يَفۡقَهُونَ ٨١
Those who remained behind1 rejoiced in their staying [at home] after [the departure of] the Messenger of Allāh and disliked to strive with their wealth and their lives in the cause of Allāh and said, "Do not go forth in the heat." Say, "The fire of Hell is more intense in heat" - if they would but understand.
1 translator’s note
- Literally, "were left behind [as Allāh willed]" due to their false excuses having been accepted by the Prophet (ﷺ). While pleased with their assumed deception, in reality, Allāh had prevented their participation knowing of their hypocrisy and evil intent. ↩
9:82
فَلۡيَضۡحَكُواْ قَلِيلٗا وَلۡيَبۡكُواْ كَثِيرٗا جَزَآءَۢ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡسِبُونَ ٨٢
So let them laugh a little and [then] weep much as recompense for what they used to earn.
9:83
فَإِن رَّجَعَكَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَىٰ طَآئِفَةٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ فَٱسۡتَـٔۡذَنُوكَ لِلۡخُرُوجِ فَقُل لَّن تَخۡرُجُواْ مَعِيَ أَبَدٗا وَلَن تُقَٰتِلُواْ مَعِيَ عَدُوًّاۖ إِنَّكُمۡ رَضِيتُم بِٱلۡقُعُودِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٖ فَٱقۡعُدُواْ مَعَ ٱلۡخَٰلِفِينَ ٨٣
If Allāh should return you to a faction of them [after the expedition] and then they ask your permission to go out [to battle], say, "You will not go out with me, ever, and you will never fight with me an enemy. Indeed, you were satisfied with sitting [at home] the first time, so sit [now] with those who stay behind."
9:84
وَلَا تُصَلِّ عَلَىٰٓ أَحَدٖ مِّنۡهُم مَّاتَ أَبَدٗا وَلَا تَقُمۡ عَلَىٰ قَبۡرِهِۦٓۖ إِنَّهُمۡ كَفَرُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَمَاتُواْ وَهُمۡ فَٰسِقُونَ ٨٤
And do not pray [the funeral prayer, O Muḥammad], over any of them who has died - ever - or stand at his grave. Indeed, they disbelieved in Allāh and His Messenger and died while they were defiantly disobedient.
9:85
وَلَا تُعۡجِبۡكَ أَمۡوَٰلُهُمۡ وَأَوۡلَٰدُهُمۡۚ إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُعَذِّبَهُم بِهَا فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَتَزۡهَقَ أَنفُسُهُمۡ وَهُمۡ كَٰفِرُونَ ٨٥
And let not their wealth and their children impress you. Allāh only intends to punish them through them in this world and that their souls should depart [at death] while they are disbelievers.
9:86
وَإِذَآ أُنزِلَتۡ سُورَةٌ أَنۡ ءَامِنُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَجَٰهِدُواْ مَعَ رَسُولِهِ ٱسۡتَـٔۡذَنَكَ أُوْلُواْ ٱلطَّوۡلِ مِنۡهُمۡ وَقَالُواْ ذَرۡنَا نَكُن مَّعَ ٱلۡقَٰعِدِينَ ٨٦
And when a sūrah was revealed [enjoining them] to believe in Allāh and to fight with His Messenger, those of wealth among them asked your permission [to stay back] and said, "Leave us to be with them who sit [at home]."