At-Tawbah 9:84
The Repentance · Juz 10 · Page 200
وَلَا تُصَلِّ عَلَىٰٓ أَحَدٖ مِّنۡهُم مَّاتَ أَبَدٗا وَلَا تَقُمۡ عَلَىٰ قَبۡرِهِۦٓۖ إِنَّهُمۡ كَفَرُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَمَاتُواْ وَهُمۡ فَٰسِقُونَ ٨٤
And do not pray [the funeral prayer, O Muḥammad], over any of them who has died - ever - or stand at his grave. Indeed, they disbelieved in Allāh and His Messenger and died while they were defiantly disobedient.
Tafsir · in Arabic
As-Sam'ani
Medium
Change
Commentary on 9:84
قَوْله تَعَالَى: ﴿وَلَا تصل على أحد مِنْهُم مَاتَ أبدا﴾ الْآيَة. نزلت الْآيَة فِي شَأْن عبد الله بن أبي بن سلول؛ فَإِنَّهُ رُوِيَ: " أَنه لما حَضَره الْمَوْت جَاءَ ابْنه إِلَى رَسُول الله برسالته يطْلب مِنْهُ قَمِيصه ليكفنه فِيهِ، فَأعْطَاهُ رَسُول الله قَمِيصه. وَفِي بعض الرِّوَايَات: أَنه أعطَاهُ قَمِيصه الَّذِي فَوق قَمِيصه وَهُوَ الْأَعْلَى، فَرد وَطلب قَمِيصه الَّذِي يَلِي جلده، فَلَمَّا توفّي قدم ليُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ رَسُول الله بِطَلَب ابْنه ذَلِك ووصيته، فَلَمَّا تقدم رَسُول الله ليُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ أَخذ عمر بِثَوْبِهِ وَقَالَ: يَا رَسُول الله، أَتُصَلِّي على هَذَا الْمُنَافِق؟ فَقَالَ رَسُول الله: إِن رَبِّي خيرني. وَقَرَأَ قَوْله تَعَالَى: ﴿اسْتغْفر لَهُم أَو لَا تستغفر لَهُم﴾ وَقد اخْتَرْت أَن أُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ قَالَ: فَصلي عَلَيْهِ، فَأنْزل الله تَعَالَى قَوْله ﴿وَلَا تصل على أحد مِنْهُم مَاتَ أبدا﴾ .
وَفِي رِوَايَة أنس: " أَن النَّبِي لما وقف ليُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ أَخذ جِبْرِيل - عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام بِطرف ثَوْبه وَمنعه من الصَّلَاة، فَترك الصَّلَاة ".
وَالرِّوَايَة الأولى هِيَ فِي " الصَّحِيحَيْنِ ".
وَقَوله: ﴿وَلَا تقم على قَبره﴾ وَفِي رِوَايَة: " أَن النَّبِي كَانَ إِذا صلى على ميت وقف على قَبره ودعا " فَمَنعه الله تَعَالَى عَن ذَلِك فِي حق الْمُنَافِقين.
فَإِن قيل: كَيفَ يجوز أَن يُصَلِّي النَّبِي على الْمُنَافِق وَهُوَ يعلم أَنه كَافِر بِاللَّه؟
الْجَواب عَنهُ: أَنه رأى ذَلِك مصلحَة؛ وَقد قيل حِين صلى عَلَيْهِ: " إِن صَلَاتي عَلَيْهِ لَا تغني عَنهُ من عَذَاب الله شَيْئا ".
وَفِي بعض الرِّوَايَات: " أَن عبد الله بن أبيّ بن سلول لما طلب مِنْهُ قَمِيصه ليتبرك بِهِ ويكفن فِيهِ، أسلم ألف رجل من قومه لم يَكُونُوا أَسْلمُوا من قبل لما رَأَوْا من تبركه بِالنَّبِيِّ. [ ﴿إِنَّهُم كفرُوا بِاللَّه وَرَسُوله وماتوا وهم فَاسِقُونَ﴾ ] وَبَاقِي الْآيَة مَعْلُوم.
Page 200
9:80
ٱسۡتَغۡفِرۡ لَهُمۡ أَوۡ لَا تَسۡتَغۡفِرۡ لَهُمۡ إِن تَسۡتَغۡفِرۡ لَهُمۡ سَبۡعِينَ مَرَّةٗ فَلَن يَغۡفِرَ ٱللَّهُ لَهُمۡۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَفَرُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦۗ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ ٨٠
Ask forgiveness for them, [O Muḥammad], or do not ask forgiveness for them. If you should ask forgiveness for them seventy times - never will Allāh forgive them. That is because they disbelieved in Allāh and His Messenger, and Allāh does not guide the defiantly disobedient people.
9:81
فَرِحَ ٱلۡمُخَلَّفُونَ بِمَقۡعَدِهِمۡ خِلَٰفَ رَسُولِ ٱللَّهِ وَكَرِهُوٓاْ أَن يُجَٰهِدُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَقَالُواْ لَا تَنفِرُواْ فِي ٱلۡحَرِّۗ قُلۡ نَارُ جَهَنَّمَ أَشَدُّ حَرّٗاۚ لَّوۡ كَانُواْ يَفۡقَهُونَ ٨١
Those who remained behind1 rejoiced in their staying [at home] after [the departure of] the Messenger of Allāh and disliked to strive with their wealth and their lives in the cause of Allāh and said, "Do not go forth in the heat." Say, "The fire of Hell is more intense in heat" - if they would but understand.
1 translator’s note
- Literally, "were left behind [as Allāh willed]" due to their false excuses having been accepted by the Prophet (ﷺ). While pleased with their assumed deception, in reality, Allāh had prevented their participation knowing of their hypocrisy and evil intent. ↩
9:82
فَلۡيَضۡحَكُواْ قَلِيلٗا وَلۡيَبۡكُواْ كَثِيرٗا جَزَآءَۢ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡسِبُونَ ٨٢
So let them laugh a little and [then] weep much as recompense for what they used to earn.
9:83
فَإِن رَّجَعَكَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَىٰ طَآئِفَةٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ فَٱسۡتَـٔۡذَنُوكَ لِلۡخُرُوجِ فَقُل لَّن تَخۡرُجُواْ مَعِيَ أَبَدٗا وَلَن تُقَٰتِلُواْ مَعِيَ عَدُوًّاۖ إِنَّكُمۡ رَضِيتُم بِٱلۡقُعُودِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٖ فَٱقۡعُدُواْ مَعَ ٱلۡخَٰلِفِينَ ٨٣
If Allāh should return you to a faction of them [after the expedition] and then they ask your permission to go out [to battle], say, "You will not go out with me, ever, and you will never fight with me an enemy. Indeed, you were satisfied with sitting [at home] the first time, so sit [now] with those who stay behind."
9:84
وَلَا تُصَلِّ عَلَىٰٓ أَحَدٖ مِّنۡهُم مَّاتَ أَبَدٗا وَلَا تَقُمۡ عَلَىٰ قَبۡرِهِۦٓۖ إِنَّهُمۡ كَفَرُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَمَاتُواْ وَهُمۡ فَٰسِقُونَ ٨٤
And do not pray [the funeral prayer, O Muḥammad], over any of them who has died - ever - or stand at his grave. Indeed, they disbelieved in Allāh and His Messenger and died while they were defiantly disobedient.
9:85
وَلَا تُعۡجِبۡكَ أَمۡوَٰلُهُمۡ وَأَوۡلَٰدُهُمۡۚ إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُعَذِّبَهُم بِهَا فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَتَزۡهَقَ أَنفُسُهُمۡ وَهُمۡ كَٰفِرُونَ ٨٥
And let not their wealth and their children impress you. Allāh only intends to punish them through them in this world and that their souls should depart [at death] while they are disbelievers.
9:86
وَإِذَآ أُنزِلَتۡ سُورَةٌ أَنۡ ءَامِنُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَجَٰهِدُواْ مَعَ رَسُولِهِ ٱسۡتَـٔۡذَنَكَ أُوْلُواْ ٱلطَّوۡلِ مِنۡهُمۡ وَقَالُواْ ذَرۡنَا نَكُن مَّعَ ٱلۡقَٰعِدِينَ ٨٦
And when a sūrah was revealed [enjoining them] to believe in Allāh and to fight with His Messenger, those of wealth among them asked your permission [to stay back] and said, "Leave us to be with them who sit [at home]."