بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Ash-Shams 91:8
The Sun · Juz 30 · Page 595
فَأَلۡهَمَهَا فُجُورَهَا وَتَقۡوَىٰهَا ٨
And inspired it [with discernment of] its wickedness and its righteousness,
Tafsir · in Arabic
As-Samin al-Halabi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 91:8
قوله: {قَدْ أَفْلَحَ} : فيه وجهان، أحدُهما: أنه جوابُ القسم، والأصل: لقد، وإنما حُذِفَتْ لطولِ الكلامِ. والثاني: أنه ليس بجوابٍ وإنما جيْءَ به تابعاً لقولِه {فَأَلْهَمَهَا فُجُورَهَا وَتَقْوَاهَا} على سبيل الاستطرادِ، وليس مِنْ جوابِ القسم في شيءٍ، فالجوابُ محذوفٌ تقديرُه: ليُدَمْدِمَنَّ اللَّهُ عليهم، أي: على أهلِ مكةَ لتكذيبِهم رسولَ الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، كما دَمْدَم على ثمودَ لتكذيبِهم صالحاً صلَّى الله عليه وسلم، قال معناه الزمخشري، وقدَّره غيرُه: لتُبْعَثُنَّ.
وقوله: {طَحَاهَا} [الشمس: 3] ، أي: دَحاها، وقد تقدَّم معناه. وفيه لغتان، يقال: طحا يَطْحوا وطحى يَطْحي. ويجيءُ طحا بمعنى ذهب، قال علقمة:
4579 - طحابك قَلْبٌ في الحِسانِ طَروبُ ... بُعَيْدَ الشبابِ عَصْرَ حان مَشيبُ
ويقال: طحا بمعنى ارتفعَ. وفي أقسامِهم: «ولا والقمرِ الطَّاحي» ، أي: المرتفعُ. وفاعلُ «زكَّاها» و «دَسَّاها» الظاهرُ أنه ضميرُ «مَنْ» وقيل: ضميرُ الباري تعالى، أي: مَنْ زكاهَّا اللَّهُ، ومَنْ دَسَّاها اللَّهُ، أي: مَنْ زَكَّى اللَّهُ نفسَه. وأنحى الزمخشريُّ على صاحبِ هذا القولِ لمنافرتِة مذهبَه، والحقُّ أنَّه خلافُ الظاهرِ، لا لما قال الزمخشريُّ، بل لمنافرةِ نظمِه للاحتياجِ إلى عَوْدِ الضميرِ على النفسِ مقيدةً بإضافتِها إلى ضمير «مَنْ»
Page 595
سورة الشمس
Ash-Shams
The Sun · Meccan · 15 ayahs
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
91:1
وَٱلشَّمۡسِ وَضُحَىٰهَا ١
By the sun and its brightness
91:2
وَٱلۡقَمَرِ إِذَا تَلَىٰهَا ٢
And [by] the moon when it follows it
91:3
وَٱلنَّهَارِ إِذَا جَلَّىٰهَا ٣
And [by] the day when it displays it1
1 translator’s note
- The earth. Also interpreted as the sun. The same applies to the following verse. ↩
91:4
وَٱلَّيۡلِ إِذَا يَغۡشَىٰهَا ٤
And [by] the night when it covers [i.e., conceals] it
91:5
وَٱلسَّمَآءِ وَمَا بَنَىٰهَا ٥
And [by] the sky and He who constructed it
91:6
وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا طَحَىٰهَا ٦
And [by] the earth and He who spread it
91:7
وَنَفۡسٖ وَمَا سَوَّىٰهَا ٧
And [by] the soul and He who proportioned it1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., balanced and refined it, creating in it sound tendencies and consciousness. ↩
91:8
فَأَلۡهَمَهَا فُجُورَهَا وَتَقۡوَىٰهَا ٨
And inspired it [with discernment of] its wickedness and its righteousness,
91:9
قَدۡ أَفۡلَحَ مَن زَكَّىٰهَا ٩
He has succeeded who purifies it,
91:10
وَقَدۡ خَابَ مَن دَسَّىٰهَا ١٠
And he has failed who instills it [with corruption].
91:11
كَذَّبَتۡ ثَمُودُ بِطَغۡوَىٰهَآ ١١
Thamūd denied [their prophet] by reason of their transgression,
91:12
إِذِ ٱنۢبَعَثَ أَشۡقَىٰهَا ١٢
When the most wretched of them was sent forth.1
1 translator’s note
- To hamstring the she-camel which had been sent by Allāh as a sign to them. ↩
91:13
فَقَالَ لَهُمۡ رَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ نَاقَةَ ٱللَّهِ وَسُقۡيَٰهَا ١٣
And the messenger of Allāh [i.e., Ṣāliḥ] said to them, "[Do not harm] the she-camel of Allāh or [prevent her from] her drink."
91:14
فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهَا فَدَمۡدَمَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ رَبُّهُم بِذَنۢبِهِمۡ فَسَوَّىٰهَا ١٤
But they denied him and hamstrung1 her. So their Lord brought down upon them destruction for their sin and made it equal [upon all of them].
1 translator’s note
- And then killed. ↩
91:15
وَلَا يَخَافُ عُقۡبَٰهَا ١٥
And He does not fear the consequence thereof.1
1 translator’s note
- Allāh is not asked about what He does, but His servants will be asked. See 21:23. ↩
سورة الليل
Al-Layl
The Night · Meccan · 21 ayahs
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
92:1
وَٱلَّيۡلِ إِذَا يَغۡشَىٰ ١
By the night when it covers1
1 translator’s note
- With darkness. ↩
92:2
وَٱلنَّهَارِ إِذَا تَجَلَّىٰ ٢
And [by] the day when it appears
92:3
وَمَا خَلَقَ ٱلذَّكَرَ وَٱلۡأُنثَىٰٓ ٣
And [by] He who created the male and female,
92:4
إِنَّ سَعۡيَكُمۡ لَشَتَّىٰ ٤
Indeed, your efforts are diverse.
92:5
فَأَمَّا مَنۡ أَعۡطَىٰ وَٱتَّقَىٰ ٥
As for he who gives and fears Allāh
92:6
وَصَدَّقَ بِٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ ٦
And believes in the best [reward].
92:7
فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُۥ لِلۡيُسۡرَىٰ ٧
We will ease him toward ease.
92:8
وَأَمَّا مَنۢ بَخِلَ وَٱسۡتَغۡنَىٰ ٨
But as for he who withholds and considers himself free of need
92:9
وَكَذَّبَ بِٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ ٩
And denies the best [reward],
92:10
فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُۥ لِلۡعُسۡرَىٰ ١٠
We will ease him toward difficulty.
92:11
وَمَا يُغۡنِي عَنۡهُ مَالُهُۥٓ إِذَا تَرَدَّىٰٓ ١١
And what will his wealth avail him when he falls?1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., when he dies or is destroyed. It can also mean when he falls into the Hellfire. ↩
92:12
إِنَّ عَلَيۡنَا لَلۡهُدَىٰ ١٢
Indeed, [incumbent] upon Us is guidance.
92:13
وَإِنَّ لَنَا لَلۡأٓخِرَةَ وَٱلۡأُولَىٰ ١٣
And indeed, to us belongs the Hereafter and the first [life].
92:14
فَأَنذَرۡتُكُمۡ نَارٗا تَلَظَّىٰ ١٤
So I have warned you of a Fire which is blazing.