بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Al-Layl 92:3
The Night · Juz 30 · Page 595
وَمَا خَلَقَ ٱلذَّكَرَ وَٱلۡأُنثَىٰٓ ٣
And [by] He who created the male and female,
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Wahidi (al-Basit)
Detailed
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Commentary on 92:3
(قوله) [[ساقط من: (ع).]]: ﴿وَمَا خَلَقَ الذَّكَرَ وَالْأُنْثَى﴾ قال الكلبي: والذي خلق [["فتح القدير" 5/ 452.]]، وهو قول الحسن [[المرجع السابق، وانظر: "جامع البيان" 30/ 218، و"الكشف والبيان" 13/ 102 أ، و"النكت والعيون" 6/ 286، و"الجامع لأحكام القرآن" 20/ 80 - 81، و"الدر المنثور" 8/ 534 وعزاه إلى ابن أبي حاتم، و"تفسير الحسن البصري" 2/ 425.]]. و"ما" على هذا بمعنى "مَنْ".
وقال مقاتل: يعني: وخلْق الذكر والأنثى [["فتح القدير" 5/ 452.]].
وعلى هذا "مَا" للمصدر، -وقد فسرنا هذا في مواضع [[يراجع في ذلك سورة الشمس: 5، 7، قوله: ﴿وَالسَّمَاءِ وَمَا بَنَاهَا (5) وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا طَحَاهَا (6) وَنَفْسٍ وَمَا سَوَّاهَا﴾ وهو مذهب الزجاج، انظر: "معاني القرآن وإعرابه" 5/ 332. وانظر: كتاب "معاني الحروف" للزجاجي ص 55.]] - والذكر والأنثى يجوز أن يعني بهما الجنس من الذكر والأنثى [[في (ع): (الذكور والإناث).]]، وهو الظاهر [[والقول بالعموم من كل ذكر وأنثى قال به الماوردي في "النكت والعيون" 6/ 287، وأبو حيان في "البحر المحيط" 8/ 483، والشوكاني في "فتح القدير" 5/ 452.]].
وقال مقاتل [["معالم التنزيل" 4/ 494، و"زاد المسير" 8/ 262، و"فتح القدير" 5/ 452.]]، (والكلبي [[المراجع السابقة، وانظر: "الجامع لأحكام القرآن" 20/ 82، و"البحر المحيط" 8/ 483، و"فتح القدير" 5/ 452، وبه قال الحسن، و"المحرر الوجيز" 5/ 490، وابن عباس في: "الجامع لأحكام القرآن" 20/ 82.]]) [[ساقط من (أ).]]: يعني آدم وحواء.
وجواب القسم قوله تعالى:
Page 595
سورة الشمس
Ash-Shams
The Sun · Meccan · 15 ayahs
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
91:1
وَٱلشَّمۡسِ وَضُحَىٰهَا ١
By the sun and its brightness
91:2
وَٱلۡقَمَرِ إِذَا تَلَىٰهَا ٢
And [by] the moon when it follows it
91:3
وَٱلنَّهَارِ إِذَا جَلَّىٰهَا ٣
And [by] the day when it displays it1
1 translator’s note
- The earth. Also interpreted as the sun. The same applies to the following verse. ↩
91:4
وَٱلَّيۡلِ إِذَا يَغۡشَىٰهَا ٤
And [by] the night when it covers [i.e., conceals] it
91:5
وَٱلسَّمَآءِ وَمَا بَنَىٰهَا ٥
And [by] the sky and He who constructed it
91:6
وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا طَحَىٰهَا ٦
And [by] the earth and He who spread it
91:7
وَنَفۡسٖ وَمَا سَوَّىٰهَا ٧
And [by] the soul and He who proportioned it1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., balanced and refined it, creating in it sound tendencies and consciousness. ↩
91:8
فَأَلۡهَمَهَا فُجُورَهَا وَتَقۡوَىٰهَا ٨
And inspired it [with discernment of] its wickedness and its righteousness,
91:9
قَدۡ أَفۡلَحَ مَن زَكَّىٰهَا ٩
He has succeeded who purifies it,
91:10
وَقَدۡ خَابَ مَن دَسَّىٰهَا ١٠
And he has failed who instills it [with corruption].
91:11
كَذَّبَتۡ ثَمُودُ بِطَغۡوَىٰهَآ ١١
Thamūd denied [their prophet] by reason of their transgression,
91:12
إِذِ ٱنۢبَعَثَ أَشۡقَىٰهَا ١٢
When the most wretched of them was sent forth.1
1 translator’s note
- To hamstring the she-camel which had been sent by Allāh as a sign to them. ↩
91:13
فَقَالَ لَهُمۡ رَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ نَاقَةَ ٱللَّهِ وَسُقۡيَٰهَا ١٣
And the messenger of Allāh [i.e., Ṣāliḥ] said to them, "[Do not harm] the she-camel of Allāh or [prevent her from] her drink."
91:14
فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهَا فَدَمۡدَمَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ رَبُّهُم بِذَنۢبِهِمۡ فَسَوَّىٰهَا ١٤
But they denied him and hamstrung1 her. So their Lord brought down upon them destruction for their sin and made it equal [upon all of them].
1 translator’s note
- And then killed. ↩
91:15
وَلَا يَخَافُ عُقۡبَٰهَا ١٥
And He does not fear the consequence thereof.1
1 translator’s note
- Allāh is not asked about what He does, but His servants will be asked. See 21:23. ↩
سورة الليل
Al-Layl
The Night · Meccan · 21 ayahs
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
92:1
وَٱلَّيۡلِ إِذَا يَغۡشَىٰ ١
By the night when it covers1
1 translator’s note
- With darkness. ↩
92:2
وَٱلنَّهَارِ إِذَا تَجَلَّىٰ ٢
And [by] the day when it appears
92:3
وَمَا خَلَقَ ٱلذَّكَرَ وَٱلۡأُنثَىٰٓ ٣
And [by] He who created the male and female,
92:4
إِنَّ سَعۡيَكُمۡ لَشَتَّىٰ ٤
Indeed, your efforts are diverse.
92:5
فَأَمَّا مَنۡ أَعۡطَىٰ وَٱتَّقَىٰ ٥
As for he who gives and fears Allāh
92:6
وَصَدَّقَ بِٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ ٦
And believes in the best [reward].
92:7
فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُۥ لِلۡيُسۡرَىٰ ٧
We will ease him toward ease.
92:8
وَأَمَّا مَنۢ بَخِلَ وَٱسۡتَغۡنَىٰ ٨
But as for he who withholds and considers himself free of need
92:9
وَكَذَّبَ بِٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ ٩
And denies the best [reward],
92:10
فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُۥ لِلۡعُسۡرَىٰ ١٠
We will ease him toward difficulty.
92:11
وَمَا يُغۡنِي عَنۡهُ مَالُهُۥٓ إِذَا تَرَدَّىٰٓ ١١
And what will his wealth avail him when he falls?1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., when he dies or is destroyed. It can also mean when he falls into the Hellfire. ↩
92:12
إِنَّ عَلَيۡنَا لَلۡهُدَىٰ ١٢
Indeed, [incumbent] upon Us is guidance.
92:13
وَإِنَّ لَنَا لَلۡأٓخِرَةَ وَٱلۡأُولَىٰ ١٣
And indeed, to us belongs the Hereafter and the first [life].
92:14
فَأَنذَرۡتُكُمۡ نَارٗا تَلَظَّىٰ ١٤
So I have warned you of a Fire which is blazing.