Ибрахим 14:22
Ибрахим · Джуз 13 · Страница 258
وَقَالَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ لَمَّا قُضِيَ ٱلۡأَمۡرُ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ وَعَدَكُمۡ وَعۡدَ ٱلۡحَقِّ وَوَعَدتُّكُمۡ فَأَخۡلَفۡتُكُمۡۖ وَمَا كَانَ لِيَ عَلَيۡكُم مِّن سُلۡطَٰنٍ إِلَّآ أَن دَعَوۡتُكُمۡ فَٱسۡتَجَبۡتُمۡ لِيۖ فَلَا تَلُومُونِي وَلُومُوٓاْ أَنفُسَكُمۖ مَّآ أَنَا۠ بِمُصۡرِخِكُمۡ وَمَآ أَنتُم بِمُصۡرِخِيَّ إِنِّي كَفَرۡتُ بِمَآ أَشۡرَكۡتُمُونِ مِن قَبۡلُۗ إِنَّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ٢٢
And Satan will say when the matter has been concluded, "Indeed, Allāh had promised you the promise of truth. And I promised you, but I betrayed you. But I had no authority over you except that I invited you, and you responded to me. So do not blame me; but blame yourselves. I cannot be called to your aid, nor can you be called to my aid. Indeed, I deny your association of me [with Allāh] before.1 Indeed, for the wrongdoers is a painful punishment."
1 примечание переводчика
- By your obedience to me instead of Him during life on earth. ↩
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Комментарий к аятам 14:22–23
Shaytan disowns His Followers on the Day of Resurrection
Allah narrates to us what Iblis will say to his followers after Allah finishes with the judgement between His servants, sending the believers to the gardens of Paradise and the disbelievers to the lows (of the Fire). Iblis, may Allah curse him, will stand and address the latter, in order to add depression to their depression, sorrow to their sorrow and grief to their grief. He will declare,
إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَعَدَكُمْ وَعْدَ الْحَقِّ
`(Verily, Allah promised you a promise of truth.) by the words of His Messengers that if you follow them, you will gain safety and deliverance. Truly, Allah's promise was true and correct news, while I promised you then betrayed you.' Allah said in another Ayah,
يَعِدُهُمْ وَيُمَنِّيهِمْ وَمَا يَعِدُهُمْ الشَّيْطَنُ إِلاَّ غُرُوراً
(He (Shaytan) makes promises to them, and arouses in them false desires; and Shaytan's promises are nothing but deceptions.) 4:120
وَمَا كَانَ لِىَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِّن سُلْطَنٍ
(I had no authority over you) Shaytan will say, `I had no proof for what I called you to, nor evidence for what I promised you,
إِلاَّ أَن دَعَوْتُكُمْ فَاسْتَجَبْتُمْ لِى
(except that I called you, and you responded to me.) even though the Messengers establish the proof and unequivocal evidences against you and affirmed the truth of what they were sent to you with. But you disobeyed the Messengers and ended up earning this fate,
فَلاَ تَلُومُونِى
(So blame me not,) today,
وَلُومُواْ أَنفُسَكُمْ
(but blame yourselves.), because it is your fault for defying the proofs and following me in the falsehood that I called you to.' Shaytan will say next,
مَّآ أَنَاْ بِمُصْرِخِكُمْ
(I cannot help you), I cannot benefit, save, or deliver you from what you are suffering,
وَمَآ أَنتُمْ بِمُصْرِخِىَّ
(nor can you help me.), nor can you save me and deliver me from the torment and punishment I am suffering,
إِنِّى كَفَرْتُ بِمَآ أَشْرَكْتُمُونِ مِن قَبْلُ
(I deny your former act of associating me (Shaytan) as a partner with Allah.) or because you associated me with Allah before,' according to Qatadah. Ibn Jarir commented; "I deny being a partner with Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored." This opinion is the most plausible, for Allah said in other Ayat,
وَمَنْ أَضَلُّ مِمَّن يَدْعُو مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ مَن لاَّ يَسْتَجِيبُ لَهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَمَةِ وَهُمْ عَن دُعَآئِهِمْ غَفِلُونَ - وَإِذَا حُشِرَ النَّاسُ كَانُواْ لَهُمْ أَعْدَآءً وَكَانُواْ بِعِبَادَتِهِمْ كَفِرِينَ
(And who is more astray than one who calls on others besides Allah, such as will not answer him till the Day of Resurrection, and who are (even) unaware of their calls to them And when mankind are gathered, they will become their enemies and will deny their worshipping.)46:5-6 and,
كَلاَّ سَيَكْفُرُونَ بِعِبَدَتِهِمْ وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً
(Nay, but they (the so-called gods) will deny their worship of them, and become opponents to them.)19:82 Allah said next,
إِنَّ الظَّلِمِينَ
(Verily, the wrongdoers), who deviate from truth and follow falsehood, will earn a painful torment. It appears that this part of the Ayah narrates the speech that Shaytan will deliver to the people of the Fire after they enter it, as we stated. `Amir Ash-Sha`bi said, "On the Day of Resurrection, two speakers will address the people. Allah the Exalted will say to `Isa, son of Maryam,
أَءَنتَ قُلتَ لِلنَّاسِ اتَّخِذُونِى وَأُمِّىَ إِلَهَيْنِ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ
(Did you say unto men: "Worship me and my mother as two gods besides Allah") 5:116 until,
قَالَ اللَّهُ هَذَا يَوْمُ يَنفَعُ الصَّدِقِينَ صِدْقُهُمْ
(Allah will say: "This is a Day on which the truthful will profit from their truth.")5:119 Shaytan, may Allah curse him, will stand and address the people,
وَمَا كَانَ لِىَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِّن سُلْطَنٍ إِلاَّ أَن دَعَوْتُكُمْ فَاسْتَجَبْتُمْ لِى
(I had no authority over you except that I called you, and you responded to me.) Allah next mentioned the final destination of the miserable ones, who earned the disgrace and torment and having to listen to Shaytan address them, then He mentioned the final destination of the happy ones,
وَأُدْخِلَ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّلِحَاتِ جَنَّتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الأَنْهَرُ
(And those who believed and did righteous deeds, will be made to enter Gardens under which rivers flow,) wherever they wish them to flow and wherever they may be,
خَلِدِينَ فِيهَآ
(to dwell therein for ever,) and will never transfer or be transferred from it,
بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ تَحِيَّتُهُمْ فِيهَا سَلَمٌ
(with the permission of their Lord. Their greeting therein will be: "Salam (peace!). ") Allah said in other Ayat,
حَتَّى إِذَا جَآءُوهَا وَفُتِحَتْ أَبْوَبُهَا وَقَالَ لَهُمْ خَزَنَتُهَا سَلَمٌ عَلَيْكُمْ
(Till, when they reach it, and its gates will be opened and its keepers will say: "Salamun `Alaykum (peace be upon you!)") 39:73
وَالمَلَئِكَةُ يَدْخُلُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِّن كُلِّ بَابٍسَلَمٌ عَلَيْكُمُ
(And angels shall enter unto them from every gate (saying): "Salamun `Alaykum (peace be upon you!).") 13:23-24
وَيُلَقَّوْنَ فِيهَا تَحِيَّةً وَسَلَماً
(Therein they shall be met with greetings and the word of peace and respect.) 25:75
دَعْوَهُمْ فِيهَا سُبْحَنَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَتَحِيَّتُهُمْ فِيهَا سَلاَمٌ وَءَاخِرُ دَعْوَاهُمْ أَنِ الْحَمْدُ للَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَلَمِينَ
(Their way of request therein will be Subhanaka Allahumma (glory to you, O Allah) and Salam (peace!) will be their greetings therein (Paradise)! And the close of their request will be: Al-Hamdu Lillahi Rabbil-'Alamin all praise to Allah the Lord of that exists.)10:10
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14:19
أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ بِٱلۡحَقِّۚ إِن يَشَأۡ يُذۡهِبۡكُمۡ وَيَأۡتِ بِخَلۡقٖ جَدِيدٖ ١٩
Разве ты не видишь, что Аллах сотворил небеса и землю ради истины? Если Он пожелает, то уведет вас и приведет другие творения.
14:20
وَمَا ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ بِعَزِيزٖ ٢٠
Это для Аллаха не составляет труда.
14:21
وَبَرَزُواْ لِلَّهِ جَمِيعٗا فَقَالَ ٱلضُّعَفَٰٓؤُاْ لِلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَكۡبَرُوٓاْ إِنَّا كُنَّا لَكُمۡ تَبَعٗا فَهَلۡ أَنتُم مُّغۡنُونَ عَنَّا مِنۡ عَذَابِ ٱللَّهِ مِن شَيۡءٖۚ قَالُواْ لَوۡ هَدَىٰنَا ٱللَّهُ لَهَدَيۡنَٰكُمۡۖ سَوَآءٌ عَلَيۡنَآ أَجَزِعۡنَآ أَمۡ صَبَرۡنَا مَا لَنَا مِن مَّحِيصٖ ٢١
Все окажутся перед Аллахом, и тогда слабые скажут тем, которые превозносились: «Воистину, мы следовали за вами. Можете ли вы хоть отчасти избавить нас от наказания Аллаха?». Они скажут: «Если бы Аллах наставил нас на прямой путь, то мы указали бы вам на него. Но теперь нам все равно: будем ли мы горевать или будем терпеть - нам негде укрыться».
14:22
وَقَالَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ لَمَّا قُضِيَ ٱلۡأَمۡرُ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ وَعَدَكُمۡ وَعۡدَ ٱلۡحَقِّ وَوَعَدتُّكُمۡ فَأَخۡلَفۡتُكُمۡۖ وَمَا كَانَ لِيَ عَلَيۡكُم مِّن سُلۡطَٰنٍ إِلَّآ أَن دَعَوۡتُكُمۡ فَٱسۡتَجَبۡتُمۡ لِيۖ فَلَا تَلُومُونِي وَلُومُوٓاْ أَنفُسَكُمۖ مَّآ أَنَا۠ بِمُصۡرِخِكُمۡ وَمَآ أَنتُم بِمُصۡرِخِيَّ إِنِّي كَفَرۡتُ بِمَآ أَشۡرَكۡتُمُونِ مِن قَبۡلُۗ إِنَّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ٢٢
Когда дело свершится, дьявол скажет: «Воистину, обещание Аллаха было правдиво, а я обещал вам, но не сдержал данного вам слова. У меня не было над вами никакой власти. Я звал вас, и вы послушались меня. Посему не порицайте меня, а порицайте самих себя. Я не могу помочь вам, а вы не можете помочь мне. Я не причастен к тому, что ранее вы поклонялись мне». Воистину, беззаконникам уготованы мучительные страдания.
14:23
وَأُدۡخِلَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ جَنَّٰتٖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا بِإِذۡنِ رَبِّهِمۡۖ تَحِيَّتُهُمۡ فِيهَا سَلَٰمٌ ٢٣
Те, которые уверовали и совершали праведные деяния, будут введены в Райские сады, в которых текут реки. Они пребудут там вечно с дозволения своего Господа. Их приветствием там будет слово: «Мир!».
14:24
أَلَمۡ تَرَ كَيۡفَ ضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ مَثَلٗا كَلِمَةٗ طَيِّبَةٗ كَشَجَرَةٖ طَيِّبَةٍ أَصۡلُهَا ثَابِتٞ وَفَرۡعُهَا فِي ٱلسَّمَآءِ ٢٤
Разве ты не видишь, как Аллах приводит притчи? Прекрасное слово подобно прекрасному дереву, корни которого прочны, а ветви восходят к небу.