Maryam 19:83
Mary · Juz 16 · Page 311
أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا ٱلشَّيَٰطِينَ عَلَى ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ تَؤُزُّهُمۡ أَزّٗا ٨٣
Do you not see that We have sent the devils upon the disbelievers, inciting them [to evil] with [constant] incitement?
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ash-Shinqiti
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Commentary on 19:83
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿ألَمْ تَرَ أنّا أرْسَلْنا الشَّياطِينَ عَلى الكافِرِينَ تَؤُزُّهم أزًّا﴾ .
قَوْلُهُ: ﴿أرْسَلْنا الشَّياطِينَ﴾ الآيَةَ [مريم: ٨٣]، أيْ: سَلَّطْناهم عَلَيْهِمْ وقَيَّضْناهم لَهم، وهَذا هو الصَّوابُ، خِلافًا لِمَن زَعَمَ أنَّ مَعْنى ﴿أرْسَلْنا الشَّياطِينَ﴾ الآيَةَ، أيْ: خَلَّيْنا بَيْنَهم وبَيْنَهم، ولَمْ نَعْصِمْهم مِن شَرِّهِمْ، يُقالُ: أرْسَلْتُ البَعِيرَ، أيْ: خَلَّيْتُهُ.
وَقَوْلُهُ: ﴿تَؤُزُّهم أزًّا﴾: الأزُّ والهَزُّ والِاسْتِفْزازُ بِمَعْنًى، ومَعْناها التَّهْيِيجُ وشِدَّةُ الإزْعاجِ، فَقَوْلُهُ: ﴿تَؤُزُّهم أزًّا﴾، أيْ: تُهَيِّجُهم وتُزْعِجُهم إلى الكُفْرِ والمَعاصِي.
وَأقْوالُ أهْلِ العِلْمِ في الآيَةِ راجِعَةٌ إلى ما ذَكَرْنا: كَقَوْلِ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ ﴿تَؤُزُّهم أزًّا﴾، أيْ: تُغْرِيهِمْ إغْراءً "، وكَقَوْلِ مُجاهِدٍ ﴿تَؤُزُّهم أزًّا﴾، أيْ: تُشْلِيهِمْ إشْلاءً، وكَقَوْلِ قَتادَةَ ﴿تَؤُزُّهم أزًّا﴾ أيْ: تُزْعِجُهم إزْعاجًا.
وَما ذَكَرَهُ جَلَّ وعَلا في هَذِهِ الآيَةِ الكَرِيمَةِ مِن أنَّهُ سَلَّطَ الشَّياطِينَ عَلى الكافِرِينَ، وقَيَّضَهم لَهم يُضِلُّونَهم عَنِ الحَقِّ بَيَّنَهُ في مَواضِعَ أُخَرَ مِن كِتابِهِ،
• كَقَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿وَقَيَّضْنا لَهم قُرَناءَ فَزَيَّنُوا لَهم ما بَيْنَ أيْدِيهِمْ وما خَلْفَهُمْ﴾ الآيَةَ [فصلت: ٢٥]،
• وقَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿وَمَن يَعْشُ عَنْ ذِكْرِ الرَّحْمَنِ نُقَيِّضْ لَهُ شَيْطانًا فَهو لَهُ قَرِينٌ وإنَّهم لَيَصُدُّونَهم عَنِ السَّبِيلِ﴾ الآيَةَ [الزخرف: ٣٦]
• وقَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿وَيَوْمَ يَحْشُرُهم جَمِيعًا يامَعْشَرَ الجِنِّ قَدِ اسْتَكْثَرْتُمْ مِنَ الإنْسِ﴾ الآيَةَ [الأنعام: ١٢٨]
• وقَوْلِهِ: ﴿وَإخْوانُهم يَمُدُّونَهم في الغَيِّ ثُمَّ لا يُقْصِرُونَ﴾ [الأعراف: ٢٠٢]،
إلى غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الآياتِ.
Page 311
19:77
أَفَرَءَيۡتَ ٱلَّذِي كَفَرَ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَقَالَ لَأُوتَيَنَّ مَالٗا وَوَلَدًا ٧٧
Then, have you seen he who disbelieved in Our verses and said, "I will surely be given wealth and children [in the next life]"?
19:78
أَطَّلَعَ ٱلۡغَيۡبَ أَمِ ٱتَّخَذَ عِندَ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ عَهۡدٗا ٧٨
Has he looked into the unseen, or has he taken from the Most Merciful a promise?
19:79
كـَلَّاۚ سَنَكۡتُبُ مَا يَقُولُ وَنَمُدُّ لَهُۥ مِنَ ٱلۡعَذَابِ مَدّٗا ٧٩
No! We will record what he says and extend [i.e., increase] for him from the punishment extensively.
19:80
وَنَرِثُهُۥ مَا يَقُولُ وَيَأۡتِينَا فَرۡدٗا ٨٠
And We will inherit him [in] what he mentions,1 and he will come to Us alone.
1 translator’s note
- Instead of giving him wealth and children in the Hereafter, Allāh will take from him those he had in worldly life at the time of his death. ↩
19:81
وَٱتَّخَذُواْ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ ءَالِهَةٗ لِّيَكُونُواْ لَهُمۡ عِزّٗا ٨١
And they have taken besides Allāh [false] deities that they would be for them [a source of] honor.
19:82
كـَلَّاۚ سَيَكۡفُرُونَ بِعِبَادَتِهِمۡ وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ضِدًّا ٨٢
No! They [i.e., those "gods"] will deny their worship of them and will be against them opponents [on the Day of Judgement].
19:83
أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا ٱلشَّيَٰطِينَ عَلَى ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ تَؤُزُّهُمۡ أَزّٗا ٨٣
Do you not see that We have sent the devils upon the disbelievers, inciting them [to evil] with [constant] incitement?
19:84
فَلَا تَعۡجَلۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡۖ إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمۡ عَدّٗا ٨٤
So be not impatient over them. We only count out [i.e., allow] to them a [limited] number.1
1 translator’s note
- Of breaths, of days, or of evil deeds. ↩
19:85
يَوۡمَ نَحۡشُرُ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ إِلَى ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ وَفۡدٗا ٨٥
On the Day We will gather the righteous to the Most Merciful as a delegation
19:86
وَنَسُوقُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ إِلَىٰ جَهَنَّمَ وِرۡدٗا ٨٦
And will drive the criminals to Hell in thirst
19:87
لَّا يَمۡلِكُونَ ٱلشَّفَٰعَةَ إِلَّا مَنِ ٱتَّخَذَ عِندَ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ عَهۡدٗا ٨٧
None will have [power of] intercession except he who had taken from the Most Merciful a covenant.1
1 translator’s note
- Not to worship other than Him. ↩
19:88
وَقَالُواْ ٱتَّخَذَ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ وَلَدٗا ٨٨
And they say, "The Most Merciful has taken [for Himself] a son."
19:89
لَّقَدۡ جِئۡتُمۡ شَيۡـًٔا إِدّٗا ٨٩
You have done an atrocious thing.
19:90
تَكَادُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتُ يَتَفَطَّرۡنَ مِنۡهُ وَتَنشَقُّ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ وَتَخِرُّ ٱلۡجِبَالُ هَدًّا ٩٠
The heavens almost rupture therefrom and the earth splits open and the mountains collapse in devastation
19:91
أَن دَعَوۡاْ لِلرَّحۡمَٰنِ وَلَدٗا ٩١
That they attribute to the Most Merciful a son.
19:92
وَمَا يَنۢبَغِي لِلرَّحۡمَٰنِ أَن يَتَّخِذَ وَلَدًا ٩٢
And it is not appropriate for the Most Merciful that He should take a son.
19:93
إِن كُلُّ مَن فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ إِلَّآ ءَاتِي ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ عَبۡدٗا ٩٣
There is no one in the heavens and earth but that he comes to the Most Merciful as a servant.
19:94
لَّقَدۡ أَحۡصَىٰهُمۡ وَعَدَّهُمۡ عَدّٗا ٩٤
He has enumerated them and counted them a [full] counting.
19:95
وَكُلُّهُمۡ ءَاتِيهِ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ فَرۡدًا ٩٥
And all of them are coming to Him on the Day of Resurrection alone.