Al-Baqarah 2:283
The Cow · Juz 3 · Page 49
۞ وَإِن كُنتُمۡ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٖ وَلَمۡ تَجِدُواْ كَاتِبٗا فَرِهَٰنٞ مَّقۡبُوضَةٞۖ فَإِنۡ أَمِنَ بَعۡضُكُم بَعۡضٗا فَلۡيُؤَدِّ ٱلَّذِي ٱؤۡتُمِنَ أَمَٰنَتَهُۥ وَلۡيَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّهُۥۗ وَلَا تَكۡتُمُواْ ٱلشَّهَٰدَةَۚ وَمَن يَكۡتُمۡهَا فَإِنَّهُۥٓ ءَاثِمٞ قَلۡبُهُۥۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ عَلِيمٞ ٢٨٣
And if you are on a journey and cannot find a scribe, then a security deposit [should be] taken. And if one of you entrusts another, then let him who is entrusted discharge his trust [faithfully] and let him fear Allāh, his Lord. And do not conceal testimony, for whoever conceals it - his heart is indeed sinful, and Allāh is Knowing of what you do.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ad-Da''as
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Commentary on 2:283
﴿وَإِنْ﴾ الواو استئنافية إن شرطية جازمة ﴿كُنْتُمْ﴾ فعل ماض ناقص والتاء اسمها وهو فعل الشرط ﴿عَلى سَفَرٍ﴾ متعلقان بمحذوف خبر ﴿وَلَمْ تَجِدُوا﴾ الواو حالية لم حرف نفي وجزم وقلب تجدوا مضارع مجزوم والواو فاعل ﴿كاتِباً﴾ مفعول به ﴿فَرِهانٌ﴾ الفاء رابطة لجواب الشرط رهان خبر لمبتدأ محذوف تقديره: فالضمان رهان أو مبتدأ والخبر محذوف ﴿مَقْبُوضَةٌ﴾ صفة لرهان والجملة في محل جزم جواب الشرط ﴿فَإِنْ﴾ الفاء عاطفة إن شرطية جازمة ﴿أَمِنَ بَعْضُكُمْ بَعْضاً﴾ فعل ماض وفاعل ومفعول به والجملة معطوفة. ﴿فَلْيُؤَدِّ﴾ الفاء رابطة يؤد مضارع مجزوم وعلامة جزمه حذف حرف العلة والجملة في محل جزم جواب الشرط ﴿الَّذِي﴾ اسم موصول فاعل ﴿اؤْتُمِنَ﴾ فعل ماض مبني للمجهول ونائب الفاعل هو. ﴿أَمانَتَهُ﴾ مفعول به والجملة صلة الموصول ﴿وَلْيَتَّقِ اللَّهَ رَبَّهُ﴾ تقدم إعرابها ﴿وَلا تَكْتُمُوا﴾ الشهادة الجملة معطوفة. ﴿وَمَنْ يَكْتُمْها﴾ الواو استئنافية من اسم شرط مبتدأ يكتمها فعل مضارع مجزوم فعل الشرط ﴿فَإِنَّهُ آثِمٌ قَلْبُهُ﴾ الفاء رابطة إن واسمها وخبرها وقلبه فاعل لاسم الفاعل آثم. وفعل الشرط وجوابه خبر من ﴿وَاللَّهُ بِما تَعْمَلُونَ عَلِيمٌ﴾ الله لفظ الجلالة مبتدأ وعليم خبر والجملة الاسمية مستأنفة. بما متعلقان بعليم وجملة تعملون صلة الموصول.
Page 49
2:283
۞ وَإِن كُنتُمۡ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٖ وَلَمۡ تَجِدُواْ كَاتِبٗا فَرِهَٰنٞ مَّقۡبُوضَةٞۖ فَإِنۡ أَمِنَ بَعۡضُكُم بَعۡضٗا فَلۡيُؤَدِّ ٱلَّذِي ٱؤۡتُمِنَ أَمَٰنَتَهُۥ وَلۡيَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّهُۥۗ وَلَا تَكۡتُمُواْ ٱلشَّهَٰدَةَۚ وَمَن يَكۡتُمۡهَا فَإِنَّهُۥٓ ءَاثِمٞ قَلۡبُهُۥۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ عَلِيمٞ ٢٨٣
And if you are on a journey and cannot find a scribe, then a security deposit [should be] taken. And if one of you entrusts another, then let him who is entrusted discharge his trust [faithfully] and let him fear Allāh, his Lord. And do not conceal testimony, for whoever conceals it - his heart is indeed sinful, and Allāh is Knowing of what you do.
2:284
لِّلَّهِ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۗ وَإِن تُبۡدُواْ مَا فِيٓ أَنفُسِكُمۡ أَوۡ تُخۡفُوهُ يُحَاسِبۡكُم بِهِ ٱللَّهُۖ فَيَغۡفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٌ ٢٨٤
To Allāh belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth. Whether you show what is within yourselves or conceal it, Allāh will bring you to account for it. Then He will forgive whom He wills and punish whom He wills, and Allāh is over all things competent.
2:285
ءَامَنَ ٱلرَّسُولُ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡهِ مِن رَّبِّهِۦ وَٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَۚ كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَمَلَٰٓئِكَتِهِۦ وَكُتُبِهِۦ وَرُسُلِهِۦ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيۡنَ أَحَدٖ مِّن رُّسُلِهِۦۚ وَقَالُواْ سَمِعۡنَا وَأَطَعۡنَاۖ غُفۡرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيۡكَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ٢٨٥
The Messenger has believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord, and [so have] the believers. All of them have believed in Allāh and His angels and His books and His messengers, [saying], "We make no distinction between any of His messengers." And they say, "We hear and we obey. [We seek] Your forgiveness, our Lord, and to You is the [final] destination."
2:286
لَا يُكَلِّفُ ٱللَّهُ نَفۡسًا إِلَّا وُسۡعَهَاۚ لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتۡ وَعَلَيۡهَا مَا ٱكۡتَسَبَتۡۗ رَبَّنَا لَا تُؤَاخِذۡنَآ إِن نَّسِينَآ أَوۡ أَخۡطَأۡنَاۚ رَبَّنَا وَلَا تَحۡمِلۡ عَلَيۡنَآ إِصۡرٗا كَمَا حَمَلۡتَهُۥ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِنَاۚ رَبَّنَا وَلَا تُحَمِّلۡنَا مَا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِۦۖ وَٱعۡفُ عَنَّا وَٱغۡفِرۡ لَنَا وَٱرۡحَمۡنَآۚ أَنتَ مَوۡلَىٰنَا فَٱنصُرۡنَا عَلَى ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٢٨٦
Allāh does not charge a soul except [with that within] its capacity. It will have [the consequence of] what [good] it has gained, and it will bear [the consequence of] what [evil] it has earned. "Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred. Our Lord, and lay not upon us a burden like that which You laid upon those before us. Our Lord, and burden us not with that which we have no ability to bear. And pardon us; and forgive us; and have mercy upon us. You are our protector, so give us victory over the disbelieving people."1
1 translator’s note
- Allāh (subḥānahu wa taʿālā) concludes this sūrah by directing His servants how to supplicate Him, just as He taught them in Sūrah al-Fātiḥah how to praise Him and ask for guidance. ↩