Ali 'Imran 3:155
Family of Imran · Juz 4 · Page 70
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوۡاْ مِنكُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡتَقَى ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِ إِنَّمَا ٱسۡتَزَلَّهُمُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ بِبَعۡضِ مَا كَسَبُواْۖ وَلَقَدۡ عَفَا ٱللَّهُ عَنۡهُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٞ ١٥٥
Indeed, those of you who turned back on the day the two armies met [at Uḥud] - it was Satan who caused them to slip because of some [blame] they had earned. But Allāh has already forgiven them. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Forbearing.
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Commentary on 3:155
ولَمّا كانَ فِيهِ - مَعَ ذَلِكَ - مَعْنى التَّعْلِيلِ والتَّنْبِيهِ عَلى أنَّهُ غَنِيٌّ عَنْ الِاخْتِبارِ؛ خَبِيرٌ بِدَقائِقِ الأسْرارِ؛ أتْبَعَهُ قَوْلَهُ - مُسْتَأْنِفًا لِبَيانِ ما هو مِن ثَمَراتِ العِلْمِ -: ﴿إنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا مِنكُمْ﴾؛ أيْ: عَنِ القِتالِ؛ ومُقارَعَةِ الأبْطالِ؛ ﴿يَوْمَ التَقى الجَمْعانِ﴾؛ أيْ: مِنَ المُؤْمِنِينَ؛ والكُفّارِ؛ ﴿إنَّما اسْتَزَلَّهُمُ﴾؛ أيْ: طَلَبَ زَلَلَهم عَنْ ذَلِكَ المَقامِ العالِي؛ ﴿الشَّيْطانُ﴾؛ أيْ: عَدُوُّهُمُ البَعِيدُ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ؛ المُحْتَرِقُ بِاللَّعْنَةِ؛ ﴿بِبَعْضِ ما كَسَبُوا﴾؛ أيْ: مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ الَّتِي لا تَلِيقُ بِمَن طَلَبَ الدُّنُوَّ إلى حَضَراتِ القُدْسُ؛ ومَواطِنِ الأُنْسِ؛ مِن تَرْكِ المَرْكَزِ؛ والإقْبالِ عَلى الغَنِيمَةِ؛ وغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ؛ فَإنَّ القِتالَ في الجِهادِ إنَّما هو بِالأعْمالِ؛ (p-١٠٢)فَمَن كانَ أصْبَرَ في أعْمالِ الطّاعَةِ؛ كانَ أجْلَدَ عَلى قِتالِ الكُفّارِ؛ ولَمْ يَكُنْ تَوَلِّيهِمْ عَنْ ضَعْفٍ في نَفْسِ الأمْرِ.
ولَمّا كانَ ذَلِكَ مُفْهِمًا أنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا صارُوا مِن حِزْبِ الشَّيْطانِ؛ فاسْتَحَقُّوا ما اسْتَحَقَّ؛ ألْصَقَ بِهِ قَوْلَهُ: ﴿ولَقَدْ عَفا اللَّهُ﴾؛ أيْ: الَّذِي لَهُ صِفاتُ الكَمالِ؛ ﴿عَنْهُمْ﴾؛ لِئَلّا تَطِيرَ أفْئِدَةُ المُؤْمِنِينَ مِنهُمْ؛ وخَتَمَ ذَلِكَ بِبَيانِ عِلَّتِهِ مِمّا هو أهْلُهُ مِنَ الغُفْرانِ؛ والحِلْمِ؛ فَقالَ - مُعِيدًا لِلِاسْمِ الأعْظَمِ؛ تَنْبِيهًا عَلى أنَّ الذَّنْبَ عَظِيمٌ؛ والخَطَرَ بِسَبَبِهِ جَسِيمٌ؛ فَلَوْلا الِاشْتِمالُ عَلى جَمِيعِ صِفاتِ الكَمالِ؛ لَعُوجِلُوا بِأعْظَمِ النَّكالِ؛ ﴿إنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ﴾؛ أيْ: مَحّاءٌ لِلذُّنُوبِ؛ عَيْنًا؛ وأثَرًا. ولَمّا كانَ الغَفْرُ قَدْ يَكُونُ مَعَ تَحَمُّلٍ؛ نَفاهُ بِقَوْلِهِ: ﴿حَلِيمٌ﴾؛ أيْ: حَيْثُ لَمْ يُعامِلِ المُتَوَلِّينَ حَذَرَ المَوْتِ مُعامَلَةَ الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا مِن دِيارِهِمْ - كَما تَقَدَّمَ - حَذَرَ المَوْتِ؛ فَقالَ لَهُمُ اللَّهُ: ﴿مُوتُوا﴾ [البقرة: ٢٤٣]
Page 70
3:154
ثُمَّ أَنزَلَ عَلَيۡكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ ٱلۡغَمِّ أَمَنَةٗ نُّعَاسٗا يَغۡشَىٰ طَآئِفَةٗ مِّنكُمۡۖ وَطَآئِفَةٞ قَدۡ أَهَمَّتۡهُمۡ أَنفُسُهُمۡ يَظُنُّونَ بِٱللَّهِ غَيۡرَ ٱلۡحَقِّ ظَنَّ ٱلۡجَٰهِلِيَّةِۖ يَقُولُونَ هَل لَّنَا مِنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِ مِن شَيۡءٖۗ قُلۡ إِنَّ ٱلۡأَمۡرَ كُلَّهُۥ لِلَّهِۗ يُخۡفُونَ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِم مَّا لَا يُبۡدُونَ لَكَۖ يَقُولُونَ لَوۡ كَانَ لَنَا مِنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِ شَيۡءٞ مَّا قُتِلۡنَا هَٰهُنَاۗ قُل لَّوۡ كُنتُمۡ فِي بُيُوتِكُمۡ لَبَرَزَ ٱلَّذِينَ كُتِبَ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡقَتۡلُ إِلَىٰ مَضَاجِعِهِمۡۖ وَلِيَبۡتَلِيَ ٱللَّهُ مَا فِي صُدُورِكُمۡ وَلِيُمَحِّصَ مَا فِي قُلُوبِكُمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمُۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ ١٥٤
Then after distress, He sent down upon you security [in the form of] drowsiness, overcoming a faction of you, while another faction worried about themselves, thinking of Allāh other than the truth - the thought of ignorance, saying, "Is there anything for us [to have done] in this matter?" Say, "Indeed, the matter belongs completely to Allāh." They conceal within themselves what they will not reveal to you. They say, "If there was anything we could have done in the matter, we [i.e., some of us] would not have been killed right here." Say, "Even if you had been inside your houses, those decreed to be killed would have come out to their death beds." [It was] so that Allāh might test what is in your breasts and purify what is in your hearts. And Allāh is Knowing of that within the breasts.
3:155
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوۡاْ مِنكُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡتَقَى ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِ إِنَّمَا ٱسۡتَزَلَّهُمُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ بِبَعۡضِ مَا كَسَبُواْۖ وَلَقَدۡ عَفَا ٱللَّهُ عَنۡهُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٞ ١٥٥
Indeed, those of you who turned back on the day the two armies met [at Uḥud] - it was Satan who caused them to slip because of some [blame] they had earned. But Allāh has already forgiven them. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Forbearing.
3:156
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَكُونُواْ كَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَقَالُواْ لِإِخۡوَٰنِهِمۡ إِذَا ضَرَبُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ أَوۡ كَانُواْ غُزّٗى لَّوۡ كَانُواْ عِندَنَا مَا مَاتُواْ وَمَا قُتِلُواْ لِيَجۡعَلَ ٱللَّهُ ذَٰلِكَ حَسۡرَةٗ فِي قُلُوبِهِمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ يُحۡيِۦ وَيُمِيتُۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ بَصِيرٞ ١٥٦
O you who have believed, do not be like those who disbelieved and said about their brothers when they traveled through the land or went out to fight, "If they had been with us, they would not have died or have been killed," so Allāh makes that [misconception] a regret within their hearts. And it is Allāh who gives life and causes death, and Allāh is Seeing of what you do.
3:157
وَلَئِن قُتِلۡتُمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أَوۡ مُتُّمۡ لَمَغۡفِرَةٞ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَحۡمَةٌ خَيۡرٞ مِّمَّا يَجۡمَعُونَ ١٥٧
And if you are killed in the cause of Allāh or die - then forgiveness from Allāh and mercy are better than whatever they accumulate [in this world].