Ali 'Imran 3:23
Family of Imran · Juz 3 · Page 53
أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ نَصِيبٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ يُدۡعَوۡنَ إِلَىٰ كِتَٰبِ ٱللَّهِ لِيَحۡكُمَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ ثُمَّ يَتَوَلَّىٰ فَرِيقٞ مِّنۡهُمۡ وَهُم مُّعۡرِضُونَ ٢٣
Do you not consider, [O Muḥammad], those who were given a portion of the Scripture? They are invited to the Scripture of Allāh that it should arbitrate between them;1 then a party of them turns away, and they are refusing.
1 translator’s note
- Referring to the Jews of Madīnah who refused to implement the rulings given by Allāh in the Torah or to acknowledge the Prophet (ﷺ), whose coming was mentioned therein. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
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Commentary on 3:23–24
﴿أَلَمْ تَرَ﴾ الهمزة للاستفهام لم حرف نفي وجزم وقلب تر فعل مضارع مجزوم بحذف حرف العلة والفاعل أنت ﴿إِلَى الَّذِينَ﴾ متعلقان بتر ﴿أُوتُوا﴾ فعل ماض مبني للمجهول والواو نائب فاعل ﴿نَصِيباً﴾ مفعول به ﴿مِنَ الْكِتابِ﴾ متعلقان بصفة لنصيبا ﴿يُدْعَوْنَ﴾ فعل مضارع مبني للمجهول والواو نائب فاعل ﴿إِلى كِتابِ﴾ متعلقان بيدعون ﴿اللَّهِ﴾ لفظ الجلالة مضاف إليه ﴿لِيَحْكُمَ﴾ المصدر المؤول من الفعل يحكم وأن المضمرة بعد لام التعليل في محل جر بحرف الجر، والجار والمجرور متعلقان بيدعون ﴿بَيْنَهُمْ﴾ ظرف مكان متعلق بيحكم.
وجملة يدعون في محل نصب حال ﴿ثُمَّ يَتَوَلَّى فَرِيقٌ مِنْهُمْ﴾ ثم عاطفة وفعل مضارع وفاعله والجار والمجرور متعلقان بفريق والجملة معطوفة. ﴿وَهُمْ مُعْرِضُونَ﴾ الواو حالية ومبتدأ وخبر والجملة حالية. ﴿ذلِكَ﴾ اسم إشارة مبتدأ ﴿بِأَنَّهُمْ قالُوا﴾ أن واسمها وجملة قالوا خبرها والمصدر المؤول من أن واسمها وخبرها في محل جر بالباء والجار والمجرور متعلقان بمحذوف والتقدير: ذلك الإعراض بسبب قولهم ﴿لَنْ تَمَسَّنَا النَّارُ﴾ الجملة مقول القول وتمسنا فعل مضارع ومفعوله وفاعله ﴿إِلَّا﴾ أداة حصر ﴿أَيَّاماً﴾ ظرف زمان متعلق بتمسنا ﴿مَعْدُوداتٍ﴾ صفة لأياما منصوبة بالكسرة عوضا عن الفتحة لأنه جمع مؤنث سالم ﴿وَغَرَّهُمْ فِي دِينِهِمْ﴾ فعل ماض والهاء مفعوله والجار والمجرور متعلقان بهذا الفعل ﴿ما كانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ﴾ ما اسم موصول فاعل وكان واسمها والجملة صلة وجملة يفترون خبر كان.
Page 53
3:23
أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ نَصِيبٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ يُدۡعَوۡنَ إِلَىٰ كِتَٰبِ ٱللَّهِ لِيَحۡكُمَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ ثُمَّ يَتَوَلَّىٰ فَرِيقٞ مِّنۡهُمۡ وَهُم مُّعۡرِضُونَ ٢٣
Do you not consider, [O Muḥammad], those who were given a portion of the Scripture? They are invited to the Scripture of Allāh that it should arbitrate between them;1 then a party of them turns away, and they are refusing.
1 translator’s note
- Referring to the Jews of Madīnah who refused to implement the rulings given by Allāh in the Torah or to acknowledge the Prophet (ﷺ), whose coming was mentioned therein. ↩
3:24
ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ قَالُواْ لَن تَمَسَّنَا ٱلنَّارُ إِلَّآ أَيَّامٗا مَّعۡدُودَٰتٖۖ وَغَرَّهُمۡ فِي دِينِهِم مَّا كَانُواْ يَفۡتَرُونَ ٢٤
That is because they say, "Never will the Fire touch us except for [a few] numbered days," and [because] they were deluded in their religion by what they were inventing.
3:25
فَكَيۡفَ إِذَا جَمَعۡنَٰهُمۡ لِيَوۡمٖ لَّا رَيۡبَ فِيهِ وَوُفِّيَتۡ كُلُّ نَفۡسٖ مَّا كَسَبَتۡ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ ٢٥
So how will it be when We assemble them for a Day about which there is no doubt? And each soul will be compensated [in full for] what it earned, and they will not be wronged.
3:26
قُلِ ٱللَّهُمَّ مَٰلِكَ ٱلۡمُلۡكِ تُؤۡتِي ٱلۡمُلۡكَ مَن تَشَآءُ وَتَنزِعُ ٱلۡمُلۡكَ مِمَّن تَشَآءُ وَتُعِزُّ مَن تَشَآءُ وَتُذِلُّ مَن تَشَآءُۖ بِيَدِكَ ٱلۡخَيۡرُۖ إِنَّكَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ ٢٦
Say, "O Allāh, Owner of Sovereignty, You give sovereignty to whom You will and You take sovereignty away from whom You will. You honor whom You will and You humble whom You will. In Your hand1 is [all] good. Indeed, You are over all things competent.
1 translator’s note
- See footnote to 2:19. ↩
3:27
تُولِجُ ٱلَّيۡلَ فِي ٱلنَّهَارِ وَتُولِجُ ٱلنَّهَارَ فِي ٱلَّيۡلِۖ وَتُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡحَيَّ مِنَ ٱلۡمَيِّتِ وَتُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡمَيِّتَ مِنَ ٱلۡحَيِّۖ وَتَرۡزُقُ مَن تَشَآءُ بِغَيۡرِ حِسَابٖ ٢٧
You cause the night to enter the day, and You cause the day to enter the night; and You bring the living out of the dead, and You bring the dead out of the living. And You give provision to whom You will without account [i.e., limit or measure]."
3:28
لَّا يَتَّخِذِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ أَوۡلِيَآءَ مِن دُونِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَۖ وَمَن يَفۡعَلۡ ذَٰلِكَ فَلَيۡسَ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ فِي شَيۡءٍ إِلَّآ أَن تَتَّقُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ تُقَىٰةٗۗ وَيُحَذِّرُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ نَفۡسَهُۥۗ وَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ٢٨
Let not believers take disbelievers as allies [i.e., supporters or protectors] rather than believers. And whoever [of you] does that has nothing [i.e., no association] with Allāh, except when taking precaution against them in prudence.1 And Allāh warns you of Himself, and to Allāh is the [final] destination.
1 translator’s note
- When fearing harm from an enemy, the believer may pretend as long as his heart and intention are not affected. ↩
3:29
قُلۡ إِن تُخۡفُواْ مَا فِي صُدُورِكُمۡ أَوۡ تُبۡدُوهُ يَعۡلَمۡهُ ٱللَّهُۗ وَيَعۡلَمُ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ ٢٩
Say, "Whether you conceal what is in your breasts or reveal it, Allāh knows it. And He knows that which is in the heavens and that which is on the earth. And Allāh is over all things competent.