SabaJuz 22 · Page 430

Saba 34:19

Sheba · Juz 22 · Page 430

فَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَا بَٰعِدۡ بَيۡنَ أَسۡفَارِنَا وَظَلَمُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ فَجَعَلۡنَٰهُمۡ أَحَادِيثَ وَمَزَّقۡنَٰهُمۡ كُلَّ مُمَزَّقٍۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّكُلِّ صَبَّارٖ شَكُورٖ ١٩

But [insolently] they said, "Our Lord, lengthen the distance between our journeys," and wronged themselves, so We made them narrations1 and dispersed them in total dispersion. Indeed in that are signs for everyone patient and grateful.

1 translator’s note
  1. Stories related to others as lessons or examples. ↩

Tafsir · in Arabic

Ath-Tha'alibi

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Commentary on 34:18–19

وقولُه تعالى: وَجَعَلْنا بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ الْقُرَى ... الآية، هذه الآيةُ وَمَا بَعْدَهَا وَصْفُ حالِهم قَبْلَ مَجِيء السَّيْلِ، وَهِيَ أنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى مَعَ مَا كَانَ مَنَحَهُمْ مِنَ الجَنَّتَيْنِ والنِّعْمَةِ الخَاصَّةِ بِهِمْ كَانَ قَدْ أَصْلَحَ لَهُمْ البِلاَدَ المُتَّصِلَةَ وَعَمَّرَها وجَعَلَهُمْ أَرْبَابَها وقدَّرَ السَّيرَ بأنْ قَرَّبَ القُرَى بَعْضَها مِن بَعْضٍ حَتَّى كَانَ المسَافِر من مَأْرِبَ إلَى الشَّامِ يَبِيتُ فِي قَرْيَةٍ وَيقِيلُ فِي قَريَةٍ فَلاَ يُحْتَاجُ إلى حَمْلِ زاد، والْقُرَى: المُدُنُ، والقُرَى التي بُورِكَ فِيها: هِي بِلادُ الشَّامِ بإجْماع المفسِّرِين، والقُرَى الظَّاهِرَة: هِي الَّتِي بَيْنَ الشَّامِ وَمَأْرِبَ وهِي اسم بَلَدِهِمْ.

قال ابن عباس [[أخرجه الطبريّ في «تفسيره» (10/ 367) رقم (28818) عن ابن عباس، ورقم (28820) عن الضحاك، وذكره ابن عطية في «تفسيره» (4/ 415) عنهما، وابن كثير في «تفسيره» (3/ 533) .]] وغيره: هي قُرى عَرَبيَّةٌ بَيْنَ المدِينةِ والشَّام. واختلف فِي مَعْنَى ظاهِرَةً فَقَالَت فِرقَة: معناه: مُسْتَعْلِيَةٌ مُرْتَفِعَةٌ فِي الآكَامِ وَهِيَ أشْرَفُ القُرَى، وَقَالَتْ فِرقَةُ:

معناه: يَظْهَرُ بَعْضُهَا مِنْ بَعْض فَهِي أبَداً فِي قَبْضَةِ عَيْنِ المُسَافِرِ لاَ يَخْلُو عَنْ رُؤْيَةِ شَيْءٍ مِنْهَا.

قَال ع [[ينظر: «المحرر» (4/ 416) .]] : والذي يَظْهرُ لي أَنَّ معنى ظاهِرَةً خَارِجَةٌ عَنِ المُدنِ فَهِي عِبَارَة عَنِ القُرَى الصِّغَارِ الَّتِي هِي فِي ظَوَاهِرِ المُدُنِ والله أعلم وآمِنِينَ، أي: مِنَ الخَوْفِ والجُوعِ والعَطَشِ وآفاتِ السَّفَرِ، ثم حَكَى- سُبْحانه- عَنْهُمْ مقالةً قَالُوهَا عَلَى جِهَة البَطَرِ والأَشَرِ وهِيَ طَلَبُ البُعْدِ بَيْنَ الأَسْفَارِ كَأَنَّهُمْ مَلُّوا النِّعْمَةَ فِي القُرْبِ وَطَلَبُوا استبدال الّذي هُو أَدْنَى بالّذِي هُو خَيْرٌ، وَظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فَفَرَّقَ الله شَمْلَهُمْ وخَرَّبَ بِلادَهُمْ وجَعَلَهُمْ أَحَادِيثَ وَمِنِه المثَلُ السَّائِرُ «تَفَرَّقُوا أيادِي سَبَا وأيْدي سَبَا» يُقَالُ المَثَلُ بِالوَجْهَيْنِ وهَذَا هُو تَمْزِيقُهمْ كُلَّ مُمَزَّقٍ فَتَيَامَنَ مِنْهُمْ سِتَّةُ قَبَائِلَ وَتَشَاءَمَتْ مِنْهُمْ أرْبَعَةٌ حَسْبَمَا فِي الحديثِ، ثُمَّ أَخْبَرَ تعالى محمّدا ﷺ وَأُمَّتَهُ عَلى جِهة التَنْبِيهِ بَأَنَّ هَذَا القَصَصَ فيه آيات وعبر لكلّ مؤمن متّصف بالصّبر والشكر.

Saheeh International · Ath-Tha'alibi · Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api · Quran Foundation

Page 430

SabaJuz 22 · Page 430

34:15

لَقَدۡ كَانَ لِسَبَإٖ فِي مَسۡكَنِهِمۡ ءَايَةٞۖ جَنَّتَانِ عَن يَمِينٖ وَشِمَالٖۖ كُلُواْ مِن رِّزۡقِ رَبِّكُمۡ وَٱشۡكُرُواْ لَهُۥۚ بَلۡدَةٞ طَيِّبَةٞ وَرَبٌّ غَفُورٞ ١٥

There was for [the tribe of] Saba’ in their dwelling place a sign: two [fields of] gardens on the right and on the left. [They were told], "Eat from the provisions of your Lord and be grateful to Him. A good land [have you], and a forgiving Lord."

34:16

فَأَعۡرَضُواْ فَأَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ سَيۡلَ ٱلۡعَرِمِ وَبَدَّلۡنَٰهُم بِجَنَّتَيۡهِمۡ جَنَّتَيۡنِ ذَوَاتَيۡ أُكُلٍ خَمۡطٖ وَأَثۡلٖ وَشَيۡءٖ مِّن سِدۡرٖ قَلِيلٖ ١٦

But they turned away [refusing], so We sent upon them the flood of the dam,1 and We replaced their two [fields of] gardens with gardens of bitter fruit, tamarisks and something of sparse lote trees.

1 translator’s note
  1. i.e., caused by a break in their dam. Another meaning is "the overwhelming flood." ↩

34:17

ذَٰلِكَ جَزَيۡنَٰهُم بِمَا كَفَرُواْۖ وَهَلۡ نُجَٰزِيٓ إِلَّا ٱلۡكَفُورَ ١٧

[By] that We repaid them because they disbelieved. And do We [thus] repay except the ungrateful?

34:18

وَجَعَلۡنَا بَيۡنَهُمۡ وَبَيۡنَ ٱلۡقُرَى ٱلَّتِي بَٰرَكۡنَا فِيهَا قُرٗى ظَٰهِرَةٗ وَقَدَّرۡنَا فِيهَا ٱلسَّيۡرَۖ سِيرُواْ فِيهَا لَيَالِيَ وَأَيَّامًا ءَامِنِينَ ١٨

And We placed between them and the cities which We had blessed1 [many] visible cities. And We determined between them the [distances of] journey,2 [saying], "Travel between them by night or by day in safety."

2 translator’s notes
  1. In the lands of what is now southern Syria and Palestine.

    [1226] i.e., We placed the intermediate settlements at calculated distances for the convenience of travelers.

    ↩
  2. ↩

34:19

فَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَا بَٰعِدۡ بَيۡنَ أَسۡفَارِنَا وَظَلَمُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ فَجَعَلۡنَٰهُمۡ أَحَادِيثَ وَمَزَّقۡنَٰهُمۡ كُلَّ مُمَزَّقٍۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّكُلِّ صَبَّارٖ شَكُورٖ ١٩

But [insolently] they said, "Our Lord, lengthen the distance between our journeys," and wronged themselves, so We made them narrations1 and dispersed them in total dispersion. Indeed in that are signs for everyone patient and grateful.

1 translator’s note
  1. Stories related to others as lessons or examples. ↩

34:20

وَلَقَدۡ صَدَّقَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ إِبۡلِيسُ ظَنَّهُۥ فَٱتَّبَعُوهُ إِلَّا فَرِيقٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٢٠

And Iblees had already confirmed through them1 his assumption,2 so they followed him, except for a party of believers.

2 translator’s notes
  1. i.e., the people of Saba’ or mankind in general.

    [1229] That mankind could readily be misled by him.

    ↩
  2. ↩

34:21

وَمَا كَانَ لَهُۥ عَلَيۡهِم مِّن سُلۡطَٰنٍ إِلَّا لِنَعۡلَمَ مَن يُؤۡمِنُ بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ مِمَّنۡ هُوَ مِنۡهَا فِي شَكّٖۗ وَرَبُّكَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٍ حَفِيظٞ ٢١

And he had over them no authority except [it was decreed] that We might make evident who believes in the Hereafter from who is thereof in doubt. And your Lord, over all things, is Guardian.1

1 translator’s note
  1. Protecting and preserving the existence and attributes of His creations. ↩

34:22

قُلِ ٱدۡعُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ زَعَمۡتُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ لَا يَمۡلِكُونَ مِثۡقَالَ ذَرَّةٖ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَلَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا لَهُمۡ فِيهِمَا مِن شِرۡكٖ وَمَا لَهُۥ مِنۡهُم مِّن ظَهِيرٖ ٢٢

Say, [O Muḥammad], "Invoke those you claim [as deities] besides Allāh." They do not possess an atom's weight [of ability] in the heavens or on the earth, and they do not have therein any partnership [with Him], nor is there for Him from among them any assistant.

Ath-Tha'alibiTafsir · 34:19

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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