Al-QamarJuz 27 · Page 530

Al-Qamar 54:45

The Moon · Juz 27 · Page 530

سَيُهۡزَمُ ٱلۡجَمۡعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ ٱلدُّبُرَ ٤٥

[Their] assembly will be defeated, and they will turn their backs [in retreat].1

1 translator’s note
  1. This foretold event took place on the day of Badr. ↩

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Commentary on 54:45

قال الله تعالى: ﴿سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ﴾ يعني جمع كفار مكة ﴿وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُر﴾ أي ينهزمون فيولونكم أدبارهم في الهزيمة، والمراد بالدبر الإدبار، وهي من اسم الجنس الذي يؤدي عن الجميع كالدرهم والدينار، قال الفراء [[انظر: "معاني القرآن" 3/ 11.]].

قال أبو إسحاق: أعلم الله نبيه -ﷺ- أنه يظهره عليهم وجاعل كلمته العليا، فكانت هذه الهزيمة يوم بدر [[انظر: "معاني القرآن" للزجاج 5/ 92.]].

قال المفسرون: ضرب أبو جهل فرسه يوم بدر فتقدم في الصف وهو يقول: نحن اليوم جميع منتصر من عدونا. والنبي -ﷺ- يثب في درعه ويقول ﴿سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ﴾ فما كان بأسرع من أن قتل ابن مسعود أبا جهل بسيف أبي جهل، وولوا منهزمين [[انظر: "تفسير مقاتل" 134 أ، و"الكشاف" 4/ 48.]].

وقال عمر -رضي الله عنه-: لما نزلت هذه الآية جعلت أقول: أي جمع يهزم؟ فلما كان يوم بدر عرفت أنه هو [[أخرجه ابن أبي حاتم، وعبد الرزاق، وابن جرير، والثعلبي، عن سعيد بن المسيب، عن عمر، وذكر ابن حجر، تخريج عبد الرزاق له في شرح حديث باب "سيهزم الجمع ويولون الدبر" عن ابن عباس، وقال: فكأن ابن عباس حمل ذلك عن عمر، وكأن عكرمة حمله عن ابن عباس عن عمر. انظر: "تفسير عبد الرزاق" 2/ 259، و"جامع البيان" 27/ 64، و"الدر المنثور" 6/ 137، و"فتح البارى" 8/ 619.]].

قال عطاء عن ابن عباس: كان بين نزول هذه الآية وبين بدر سبع سنين. [[انظر: "الجامع لأحكام القرآن" 17/ 146.]]

Saheeh International · Al-Wahidi (al-Basit) · Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api · Quran Foundation

Page 530

Al-QamarJuz 27 · Page 530

54:28

وَنَبِّئۡهُمۡ أَنَّ ٱلۡمَآءَ قِسۡمَةُۢ بَيۡنَهُمۡۖ كُلُّ شِرۡبٖ مُّحۡتَضَرٞ ٢٨

And inform them that the water is shared between them,1 each [day of] drink attended [by turn].

1 translator’s note
  1. i.e., between the tribe of Thamūd and the she-camel - a day for each to drink. ↩

54:29

فَنَادَوۡاْ صَاحِبَهُمۡ فَتَعَاطَىٰ فَعَقَرَ ٢٩

But they called their companion,1 and he dared2 and hamstrung [her].

2 translator’s notes
  1. i.e., the worst and most despicable among them.

    [1586] Or "he took," referring to his sword or to the she-camel.

    ↩
  2. ↩

54:30

فَكَيۡفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ ٣٠

And how [severe] were My punishment and warning.

54:31

إِنَّآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ صَيۡحَةٗ وَٰحِدَةٗ فَكَانُواْ كَهَشِيمِ ٱلۡمُحۡتَظِرِ ٣١

Indeed, We sent upon them one shriek [i.e., blast from the sky], and they became like the dry twig fragments of an [animal] pen.

54:32

وَلَقَدۡ يَسَّرۡنَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ لِلذِّكۡرِ فَهَلۡ مِن مُّدَّكِرٖ ٣٢

And We have certainly made the Qur’ān easy for remembrance, so is there any who will remember?

54:33

كَذَّبَتۡ قَوۡمُ لُوطِۭ بِٱلنُّذُرِ ٣٣

The people of Lot denied the warning.

54:34

إِنَّآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ حَاصِبًا إِلَّآ ءَالَ لُوطٖۖ نَّجَّيۡنَٰهُم بِسَحَرٖ ٣٤

Indeed, We sent upon them a storm of stones, except the family of Lot - We saved them before dawn.

54:35

نِّعۡمَةٗ مِّنۡ عِندِنَاۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نَجۡزِي مَن شَكَرَ ٣٥

As favor from Us. Thus do We reward he who is grateful.

54:36

وَلَقَدۡ أَنذَرَهُم بَطۡشَتَنَا فَتَمَارَوۡاْ بِٱلنُّذُرِ ٣٦

And he had already warned them of Our assault, but they disputed the warning.

54:37

وَلَقَدۡ رَٰوَدُوهُ عَن ضَيۡفِهِۦ فَطَمَسۡنَآ أَعۡيُنَهُمۡ فَذُوقُواْ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ ٣٧

And they had demanded from him his guests, but We obliterated their eyes, [saying], "Taste My punishment and warning."

54:38

وَلَقَدۡ صَبَّحَهُم بُكۡرَةً عَذَابٞ مُّسۡتَقِرّٞ ٣٨

And there came upon them by morning an abiding punishment.

54:39

فَذُوقُواْ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ ٣٩

So taste My punishment and warning.

54:40

وَلَقَدۡ يَسَّرۡنَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ لِلذِّكۡرِ فَهَلۡ مِن مُّدَّكِرٖ ٤٠

And We have certainly made the Qur’ān easy for remembrance, so is there any who will remember?

54:41

وَلَقَدۡ جَآءَ ءَالَ فِرۡعَوۡنَ ٱلنُّذُرُ ٤١

And there certainly came to the people of Pharaoh warning.

54:42

كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا كُلِّهَا فَأَخَذۡنَٰهُمۡ أَخۡذَ عَزِيزٖ مُّقۡتَدِرٍ ٤٢

They denied Our signs, all of them, so We seized them with a seizure of one Exalted in Might and Perfect in Ability.

54:43

أَكُفَّارُكُمۡ خَيۡرٞ مِّنۡ أُوْلَٰٓئِكُمۡ أَمۡ لَكُم بَرَآءَةٞ فِي ٱلزُّبُرِ ٤٣

Are your disbelievers better than those [former ones], or have you immunity in the scriptures?

54:44

أَمۡ يَقُولُونَ نَحۡنُ جَمِيعٞ مُّنتَصِرٞ ٤٤

Or do they say, "We are an assembly supporting [each other]"?

54:45

سَيُهۡزَمُ ٱلۡجَمۡعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ ٱلدُّبُرَ ٤٥

[Their] assembly will be defeated, and they will turn their backs [in retreat].1

1 translator’s note
  1. This foretold event took place on the day of Badr. ↩

54:46

بَلِ ٱلسَّاعَةُ مَوۡعِدُهُمۡ وَٱلسَّاعَةُ أَدۡهَىٰ وَأَمَرُّ ٤٦

But the Hour is their appointment [for due punishment], and the Hour is more disastrous and more bitter.

54:47

إِنَّ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ فِي ضَلَٰلٖ وَسُعُرٖ ٤٧

Indeed, the criminals are in error and madness.1.

1 translator’s note
  1. Or "in blazing fires." ↩

54:48

يَوۡمَ يُسۡحَبُونَ فِي ٱلنَّارِ عَلَىٰ وُجُوهِهِمۡ ذُوقُواْ مَسَّ سَقَرَ ٤٨

The Day they are dragged into the Fire on their faces [it will be said], "Taste the touch of Saqar."1

1 translator’s note
  1. One of the proper names of Hell. ↩

54:49

إِنَّا كُلَّ شَيۡءٍ خَلَقۡنَٰهُ بِقَدَرٖ ٤٩

Indeed, all things We created with predestination.

Al-Wahidi (al-Basit)Tafsir · 54:45

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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