Al-Mujadila 58:10
The Pleading Woman · Juz 28 · Page 543
إِنَّمَا ٱلنَّجۡوَىٰ مِنَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِ لِيَحۡزُنَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَيۡسَ بِضَآرِّهِمۡ شَيۡـًٔا إِلَّا بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٠
Private conversation is only from Satan that he may grieve those who have believed,1 but he will not harm them at all except by permission of Allāh. And upon Allāh let the believers rely.
1 translator’s note
- The reference may be to the sinful type of conversation, as mentioned in the previous verses, or to the practice of two persons speaking in confidence in the presence of a third, which might lead him to assume that he is the subject of their conversation. Such behavior was prohibited by the Prophet (ﷺ) in narrations of al-Bukhārī and Muslim. ↩
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Commentary on 58:10
﴿إنَّما النَّجْوى﴾ المَعْهُودَةُ الَّتِي هي التَّناجِي بِالإثْمِ والعُدْوانِ والمَعْصِيَةِ ﴿مِنَ الشَّيْطانِ﴾ لا مِن غَيْرِهِ بِاعْتِبارِ أنَّهُ هو المُزَيِّنُ لَها والحامِلُ عَلَيْها، وقَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿لِيَحْزُنَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا﴾ خَبَرٌ آخَرُ أيْ إنَّما هي لِيُحْزِنَ المُؤْمِنِينَ بِتَوَهُّمِهِمْ أنَّها في نَكْبَةٍ أصابَتْهم، وقُرِئَ «لِيَحْزَنَ» بِفَتْحِ الياءِ والزّايِ - فالَّذِينَ - فاعِلٌ ﴿ولَيْسَ بِضارِّهِمْ﴾ أيْ لَيْسَ الشَّيْطانُ أوِ التَّناجِي بِضارِّ المُؤْمِنِينَ ﴿شَيْئًا﴾ مِنَ الأشْياءِ أوْ شَيْئًا مِنَ الضَّرَرِ ﴿إلا بِإذْنِ اللَّهِ﴾ أيْ إلّا بِإرادَتِهِ ومَشِيئَتِهِ عَزَّ وجَلَّ، وذَلِكَ بِأنْ يَقْضِيَ سُبْحانَهُ المَوْتَ أوِ الغَلَبَةَ عَلى أقارِبِهِمْ ﴿وعَلى اللَّهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ المُؤْمِنُونَ﴾ ولا يُبالُوا بِنَجْواهم.
وحاصِلُهُ أنَّ ما يَتَناجى المُنافِقُونَ بِهِ مِمّا يُحْزِنُ المُؤْمِنِينَ إنْ وقَعَ فَبِإرادَةِ اللَّهِ تَعالى ومَشِيئَتِهِ لا دَخْلَ لَهم فِيهِ فَلا يَكْتَرِثُ المُؤْمِنُونَ بِتَناجِيهِمْ ولِيَتَوَكَّلُوا عَلى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وجَلَّ ولا يَحْزَنُوا مِنهُ، فَهَذا الكَلامُ لِإزالَةِ حُزْنِهِمْ، ومِنهُ ضَعُفَ ما أشارَ إلَيْهِ الزَّمَخْشَرِيُّ مِن جَوازِ أنْ يَرْجِعَ ضَمِيرُ - لَيْسَ بِضارِّهِمْ - لِلْحُزْنِ، وأُجِيبَ بِأنَّ المَقْصُودَ يَحْصُلُ عَلَيْهِ أيْضًا فَإنَّهُ إذا قِيلَ: إنَّ هَذا الحُزْنَ لا يَضُرُّهم إلّا بِإرادَةِ اللَّهِ تَعالى انْدَفَعَ حُزْنُهم، هَذا ومِنَ الغَرِيبِ ما قِيلَ: إنَّ الآيَةَ نازِلَةٌ في المَناماتِ الَّتِي يَراها المُؤْمِنُ في النَّوْمِ تَسُوؤُهُ ويَحْزَنُ مِنها فَكَأنَّها نَجْوى يُناجى بِها، وهَذا عَلى ما فِيهِ لا يُناسِبُ السِّباقُ والسِّياقَ كَما لا يَخْفى، ثُمَّ إنَّ التَّناجِيَ بَيْنَ المُؤْمِنِينَ قَدْ يَكُونُ مَنهِيًّا عَنْهُ، فَقَدْ أخْرَجَ البُخارِيُّ ومُسْلِمٌ والتِّرْمِذِيُّ وأبُو داوُدَ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ أنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قالَ: ««إذا كُنْتُمْ ثَلاثَةً فَلا يَتَناجَ اثْنانِ دُونَ الآخَرِ حَتّى تَخْتَلِطُوا بِالنّاسِ مِن أجْلِ أنَّ ذَلِكَ يُحْزِنُهُ»» ومِثْلُ التَّناجِي في ذَلِكَ أنْ يَتَكَلَّمَ اثْنانِ بِحُضُورِ ثالِثٍ بِلُغَةٍ لا يَفْهَمُها الثّالِثُ إنْ كانَ يُحْزِنُهُ ذَلِكَ،
Page 543
58:7
أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَعۡلَمُ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ مَا يَكُونُ مِن نَّجۡوَىٰ ثَلَٰثَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ رَابِعُهُمۡ وَلَا خَمۡسَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ سَادِسُهُمۡ وَلَآ أَدۡنَىٰ مِن ذَٰلِكَ وَلَآ أَكۡثَرَ إِلَّا هُوَ مَعَهُمۡ أَيۡنَ مَا كَانُواْۖ ثُمَّ يُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا عَمِلُواْ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٌ ٧
Have you not considered that Allāh knows what is in the heavens and what is on the earth? There are not three in a private conversation but that He is the fourth of them,1 nor are there five but that He is the sixth of them - and no less than that and no more except that He is with them [in knowledge] wherever they are. Then He will inform them of what they did on the Day of Resurrection. Indeed Allāh is, of all things, Knowing.
1 translator’s note
- Through His knowledge of them and their secrets. ↩
58:8
أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ نُهُواْ عَنِ ٱلنَّجۡوَىٰ ثُمَّ يَعُودُونَ لِمَا نُهُواْ عَنۡهُ وَيَتَنَٰجَوۡنَ بِٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٰنِ وَمَعۡصِيَتِ ٱلرَّسُولِۖ وَإِذَا جَآءُوكَ حَيَّوۡكَ بِمَا لَمۡ يُحَيِّكَ بِهِ ٱللَّهُ وَيَقُولُونَ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ لَوۡلَا يُعَذِّبُنَا ٱللَّهُ بِمَا نَقُولُۚ حَسۡبُهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُ يَصۡلَوۡنَهَاۖ فَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ٨
Have you not considered those who were forbidden from private conversation [i.e., ridicule and conspiracy] and then return to that which they were forbidden and converse among themselves about sin and aggression and disobedience to the Messenger? And when they come to you, they greet you with that [word] by which Allāh does not greet you1 and say among themselves, "Why does Allāh not punish us for what we say?" Sufficient for them is Hell, which they will [enter to] burn, and wretched is the destination.
1 translator’s note
- This is in reference to the Jews who would greet the Muslims with the words "Death be upon you," rather than "Peace." ↩
58:9
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا تَنَٰجَيۡتُمۡ فَلَا تَتَنَٰجَوۡاْ بِٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٰنِ وَمَعۡصِيَتِ ٱلرَّسُولِ وَتَنَٰجَوۡاْ بِٱلۡبِرِّ وَٱلتَّقۡوَىٰۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ ٱلَّذِيٓ إِلَيۡهِ تُحۡشَرُونَ ٩
O you who have believed, when you converse privately, do not converse about sin and aggression and disobedience to the Messenger but converse about righteousness and piety. And fear Allāh, to whom you will be gathered.
58:10
إِنَّمَا ٱلنَّجۡوَىٰ مِنَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِ لِيَحۡزُنَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَيۡسَ بِضَآرِّهِمۡ شَيۡـًٔا إِلَّا بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٠
Private conversation is only from Satan that he may grieve those who have believed,1 but he will not harm them at all except by permission of Allāh. And upon Allāh let the believers rely.
1 translator’s note
- The reference may be to the sinful type of conversation, as mentioned in the previous verses, or to the practice of two persons speaking in confidence in the presence of a third, which might lead him to assume that he is the subject of their conversation. Such behavior was prohibited by the Prophet (ﷺ) in narrations of al-Bukhārī and Muslim. ↩
58:11
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا قِيلَ لَكُمۡ تَفَسَّحُواْ فِي ٱلۡمَجَٰلِسِ فَٱفۡسَحُواْ يَفۡسَحِ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡۖ وَإِذَا قِيلَ ٱنشُزُواْ فَٱنشُزُواْ يَرۡفَعِ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مِنكُمۡ وَٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡعِلۡمَ دَرَجَٰتٖۚ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٞ ١١
O you who have believed, when you are told, "Space yourselves" in assemblies, then make space; Allāh will make space for you.1 And when you are told, "Arise,"2 then arise; Allāh will raise those who have believed among you and those who were given knowledge, by degrees. And Allāh is Aware of what you do.