Al-Mujadila 58:7
The Pleading Woman · Juz 28 · Page 543
أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَعۡلَمُ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ مَا يَكُونُ مِن نَّجۡوَىٰ ثَلَٰثَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ رَابِعُهُمۡ وَلَا خَمۡسَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ سَادِسُهُمۡ وَلَآ أَدۡنَىٰ مِن ذَٰلِكَ وَلَآ أَكۡثَرَ إِلَّا هُوَ مَعَهُمۡ أَيۡنَ مَا كَانُواْۖ ثُمَّ يُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا عَمِلُواْ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٌ ٧
Have you not considered that Allāh knows what is in the heavens and what is on the earth? There are not three in a private conversation but that He is the fourth of them,1 nor are there five but that He is the sixth of them - and no less than that and no more except that He is with them [in knowledge] wherever they are. Then He will inform them of what they did on the Day of Resurrection. Indeed Allāh is, of all things, Knowing.
1 translator’s note
- Through His knowledge of them and their secrets. ↩
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Commentary on 58:7
﴿أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ یَعۡلَمُ مَا فِی ٱلسَّمَـٰوَ ٰتِ وَمَا فِی ٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ مَا یَكُونُ مِن نَّجۡوَىٰ ثَلَـٰثَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ رَابِعُهُمۡ وَلَا خَمۡسَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ سَادِسُهُمۡ وَلَاۤ أَدۡنَىٰ مِن ذَ ٰلِكَ وَلَاۤ أَكۡثَرَ إِلَّا هُوَ مَعَهُمۡ أَیۡنَ مَا كَانُوا۟ۖ ثُمَّ یُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا عَمِلُوا۟ یَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِیَـٰمَةِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَیۡءٍ عَلِیمٌ ٧﴾ - تفسير
٧٥٩٤٧- عن الضَّحّاك بن مُزاحِم -من طريق مقاتل بن حيان- ﴿ما يَكُونُ مِن نَجْوى ثَلاثَةٍ إلّا هُوَ رابِعُهُمْ ولا خَمْسَةٍ إلّا هُوَ سادِسُهُمْ﴾، قال: هو الله على العرش، وعِلْمه معهم[[أخرجه ابن جرير ٢٢/٤٦٨، والبيهقي في الأسماء والصفات (٩٠٩).]]. (١٤/٣١٧)
٧٥٩٤٨- عن مقاتل بن حيّان، في قوله تعالى: ﴿ما يكون من نجوى ثلاثة إلا هو رابعهم﴾، قال: هو على عرشه، وعِلْمه معهم[[ذكره الذهبي في العلو للعلي الغفار ص١٣٧.]]. (ز)
٧٥٩٤٩- قال مقاتل بن سليمان: قوله: ﴿ألَمْ تَرَ أنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ ما فِي السَّماواتِ وما فِي الأَرْضِ﴾، يقول: أحاط عِلْمُه بذلك كلّه، ﴿ما يَكُونُ مِن نَجْوى ثَلاثَةٍ﴾ يعني: نَفرٌ ثلاثة ﴿إلّا هُوَ رابِعُهُمْ﴾ يعني: عِلْمه معهم إذا تَناجَوْا، ﴿ولا خَمْسَةٍ إلّا هُوَ سادِسُهُمْ﴾ يعني: عِلْمه معهم، ﴿ولا أدْنى مِن ذلِكَ﴾ يعني: ولا أقل مِن ثلاث نَفرٍ، وهما اثنان، ﴿ولا أكْثَرَ﴾ من خمسة نَفرٍ ﴿إلّا هُوَ﴾ يعني: إلا وعِلْمه ﴿مَعَهُمْ أيْنَ ما كانُوا﴾ مِن الأرض، ﴿ثُمَّ يُنَبِّئُهُمْ بِما عَمِلُوا يَوْمَ القِيامَةِ﴾ يعني: بما يَتناجون فيه، ﴿إنَّ اللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ﴾ مِن أعمالهم ﴿عَلِيمٌ﴾[[تفسير مقاتل بن سليمان ٤/٢٥٩-٢٦٠.]]٦٥٢٢. (ز)
٦٥٢٢ ذكر ابنُ عطية (٨/٢٤٨) احتمالين في معنى: ﴿نجوى﴾: الأول: «أن يكون مصدرًا مضافًا إلى ﴿ثَلاثَةٍ﴾». ثم وجَّهه بقوله: «كأنه تعالى قال: من سرار ثلاثة». والثاني: «أن يكون المراد به جمعًا من الناس سمي بالمصدر». ثم وجَّهه بقوله: «كما قال تعالى في آية أخرى: ﴿وإذْ هُمْ نَجْوى﴾ [الإسراء:٤٧]، أي: أولو نجوى، فيكون قوله تعالى: ﴿ثلاثة﴾ -على هذا- بدلًا من ﴿نجوى﴾». غير أنه علّق قائلًا: «وفي هذا نظر».
Page 543
58:7
أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَعۡلَمُ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ مَا يَكُونُ مِن نَّجۡوَىٰ ثَلَٰثَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ رَابِعُهُمۡ وَلَا خَمۡسَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ سَادِسُهُمۡ وَلَآ أَدۡنَىٰ مِن ذَٰلِكَ وَلَآ أَكۡثَرَ إِلَّا هُوَ مَعَهُمۡ أَيۡنَ مَا كَانُواْۖ ثُمَّ يُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا عَمِلُواْ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٌ ٧
Have you not considered that Allāh knows what is in the heavens and what is on the earth? There are not three in a private conversation but that He is the fourth of them,1 nor are there five but that He is the sixth of them - and no less than that and no more except that He is with them [in knowledge] wherever they are. Then He will inform them of what they did on the Day of Resurrection. Indeed Allāh is, of all things, Knowing.
1 translator’s note
- Through His knowledge of them and their secrets. ↩
58:8
أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ نُهُواْ عَنِ ٱلنَّجۡوَىٰ ثُمَّ يَعُودُونَ لِمَا نُهُواْ عَنۡهُ وَيَتَنَٰجَوۡنَ بِٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٰنِ وَمَعۡصِيَتِ ٱلرَّسُولِۖ وَإِذَا جَآءُوكَ حَيَّوۡكَ بِمَا لَمۡ يُحَيِّكَ بِهِ ٱللَّهُ وَيَقُولُونَ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ لَوۡلَا يُعَذِّبُنَا ٱللَّهُ بِمَا نَقُولُۚ حَسۡبُهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُ يَصۡلَوۡنَهَاۖ فَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ٨
Have you not considered those who were forbidden from private conversation [i.e., ridicule and conspiracy] and then return to that which they were forbidden and converse among themselves about sin and aggression and disobedience to the Messenger? And when they come to you, they greet you with that [word] by which Allāh does not greet you1 and say among themselves, "Why does Allāh not punish us for what we say?" Sufficient for them is Hell, which they will [enter to] burn, and wretched is the destination.
1 translator’s note
- This is in reference to the Jews who would greet the Muslims with the words "Death be upon you," rather than "Peace." ↩
58:9
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا تَنَٰجَيۡتُمۡ فَلَا تَتَنَٰجَوۡاْ بِٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٰنِ وَمَعۡصِيَتِ ٱلرَّسُولِ وَتَنَٰجَوۡاْ بِٱلۡبِرِّ وَٱلتَّقۡوَىٰۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ ٱلَّذِيٓ إِلَيۡهِ تُحۡشَرُونَ ٩
O you who have believed, when you converse privately, do not converse about sin and aggression and disobedience to the Messenger but converse about righteousness and piety. And fear Allāh, to whom you will be gathered.
58:10
إِنَّمَا ٱلنَّجۡوَىٰ مِنَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِ لِيَحۡزُنَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَيۡسَ بِضَآرِّهِمۡ شَيۡـًٔا إِلَّا بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٠
Private conversation is only from Satan that he may grieve those who have believed,1 but he will not harm them at all except by permission of Allāh. And upon Allāh let the believers rely.
1 translator’s note
- The reference may be to the sinful type of conversation, as mentioned in the previous verses, or to the practice of two persons speaking in confidence in the presence of a third, which might lead him to assume that he is the subject of their conversation. Such behavior was prohibited by the Prophet (ﷺ) in narrations of al-Bukhārī and Muslim. ↩
58:11
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا قِيلَ لَكُمۡ تَفَسَّحُواْ فِي ٱلۡمَجَٰلِسِ فَٱفۡسَحُواْ يَفۡسَحِ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡۖ وَإِذَا قِيلَ ٱنشُزُواْ فَٱنشُزُواْ يَرۡفَعِ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مِنكُمۡ وَٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡعِلۡمَ دَرَجَٰتٖۚ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٞ ١١
O you who have believed, when you are told, "Space yourselves" in assemblies, then make space; Allāh will make space for you.1 And when you are told, "Arise,"2 then arise; Allāh will raise those who have believed among you and those who were given knowledge, by degrees. And Allāh is Aware of what you do.