Al-A'raf 7:54
The Heights · Juz 8 · Page 157
إِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٖ ثُمَّ ٱسۡتَوَىٰ عَلَى ٱلۡعَرۡشِۖ يُغۡشِي ٱلَّيۡلَ ٱلنَّهَارَ يَطۡلُبُهُۥ حَثِيثٗا وَٱلشَّمۡسَ وَٱلۡقَمَرَ وَٱلنُّجُومَ مُسَخَّرَٰتِۭ بِأَمۡرِهِۦٓۗ أَلَا لَهُ ٱلۡخَلۡقُ وَٱلۡأَمۡرُۗ تَبَارَكَ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٥٤
Indeed, your Lord is Allāh, who created the heavens and earth in six days and then established Himself above the Throne.1 He covers the night with the day, [another night] chasing it rapidly; and [He created] the sun, the moon, and the stars, subjected by His command. Unquestionably, His is the creation and the command; blessed is Allāh, Lord of the worlds.
1 translator’s note
- There are several linguistic meanings of the words "istawā ʿalā," among them: to settle upon, to assume ascendancy above, and to assert authority over. However, it is known that all the attributes of Allāh are eternal, i.e., they have always existed and were present before He created. Thus, it cannot be said that He "rose" above the Throne, as Allāh has always been ascendant. Because the Creator may not be compared to His creation, the Prophet's companions and early scholars refused speculation as to how His actions could be interpreted, considering any such attempt unlawful. Similarly, the true nature of the Throne is known only to Allāh, the Exalted. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
An-Nasafi
Medium
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Commentary on 7:54
﴿إنَّ رَبَّكُمُ اللهُ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَماواتِ والأرْضَ في سِتَّةِ أيّامٍ﴾ أرادَ السَمَواتِ (p-٥٧٣)والأرْضَ وما بَيْنَهُما، وقَدْ فَصَّلَها في "حَمِ السَجْدَةِ" أيْ: مِنَ الأحَدِ إلى الجُمْعَةِ، لِاعْتِبارِ المَلائِكَةِ شَيْئًا فَشَيْئًا، ولِلْإعْلامِ بالتَأنِّي في الأُمُورِ، ولِأنَّ لِكُلِّ عَمَلٍ يَوْمًا، ولِأنَّ إنْشاءَ شَيْءٍ بَعْدَ شَيْءٍ أدَلُّ عَلى عالِمٍ مُدَبِّرٍ مُرِيدٍ يُصَرِّفُهُ عَلى اخْتِيارِهِ، ويُجْرِيهِ عَلى مَشِيئَتِهِ ﴿ثُمَّ اسْتَوى﴾ اسْتَوْلى ﴿عَلى العَرْشِ﴾ أضافَ الِاسْتِيلاءَ إلى العَرْشِ، وإنْ كانَ سُبْحانَهُ وتَعالى مُسْتَوْلِيًا عَلى جَمِيعِ المَخْلُوقاتِ، لِأنَّ العَرْشَ أعْظَمُها، وأعْلاها. وتَفْسِيرُ العَرْشِ بِالسَرِيرِ، والِاسْتِواءِ بالِاسْتِقْرارِ كَما تَقُولُهُ المُشَبِّهَةُ باطِلٌ، لِأنَّهُ تَعالى كانَ قَبْلَ العَرْشِ ولا مَكانَ، وهو الآنُ كَما كانَ، لِأنَّ التَغَيُّرَ مِن صِفاتِ الأكْوانِ. والمَنقُولُ عَنِ الصادِقِ، والحَسَنِ، وأبِي حَنِيفَةَ، ومالكٍ رَحِمَهُمُ اللهُ: أنَّ الِاسْتِواءَ مَعْلُومٌ، والتَكْيِيفَ فِيهِ مَجْهُولٌ، والإيمانَ بِهِ واجِبٌ، والجُحُودَ لَهُ كُفْرٌ، والسُؤالَ عَنْهُ بِدْعَةٌ ﴿يُغْشِي اللَيْلَ النَهارَ﴾ (يُغَشِّي) حَمْزَةُ، وعَلِيٌّ، وأبُو بَكْرٍ. أيْ: يُلْحِقُ اللَيْلَ بِالنَهارِ، والنَهارَ بِاللَيْلِ ﴿يَطْلُبُهُ حَثِيثًا﴾ حالٌ مِنَ اللَيْلِ، أيْ: سَرِيعًا. والطالِبُ: هو اللَيْلُ، كَأنَّهُ لِسُرْعَةِ مُضِيِّهِ يَطْلُبُ النَهارَ ﴿والشَمْسَ والقَمَرَ والنُجُومَ﴾ أيْ: وخَلَقَ الشَمْسَ، والقَمَرَ، والنُجُومَ.
﴿مُسَخَّراتٍ﴾ حالٌ، أيْ: مُذَلَّلاتٍ. (والشَمْسُ والقَمَرُ والنُجُومُ مُسَخَّراتٌ) شامِيٌّ، والشَمْسُ مُبْتَدَأٌ، والبَقِيَّةُ مَعْطُوفَةٌ عَلَيْها، والخَبَرُ ﴿مُسَخَّراتٍ﴾ ﴿بِأمْرِهِ﴾ هو أمْرُ تَكْوِينٍ، ولَمّا ذَكَرَ أنَّهُ خَلَقَهُنَّ مُسَخَّراتٍ بِأمْرِهِ قالَ: ﴿ألا لَهُ الخَلْقُ والأمْرُ﴾ أيْ: هو الَّذِي خَلَقَ الأشْياءَ، ولَهُ الأمْرُ.
﴿تَبارَكَ اللهُ﴾ كَثُرَ خَيْرُهُ، أوْ دامَ بِرُّهُ، مِنَ البَرَكَةِ: النَماءِ، أوْ مِنَ البُرُوكِ: الثَباتُ، ومِنهُ البَرَكَةُ،
﴿رَبُّ العالَمِينَ﴾
Page 157
7:52
وَلَقَدۡ جِئۡنَٰهُم بِكِتَٰبٖ فَصَّلۡنَٰهُ عَلَىٰ عِلۡمٍ هُدٗى وَرَحۡمَةٗ لِّقَوۡمٖ يُؤۡمِنُونَ ٥٢
And We had certainly brought them a Book which We detailed by knowledge - as guidance and mercy to a people who believe.
7:53
هَلۡ يَنظُرُونَ إِلَّا تَأۡوِيلَهُۥۚ يَوۡمَ يَأۡتِي تَأۡوِيلُهُۥ يَقُولُ ٱلَّذِينَ نَسُوهُ مِن قَبۡلُ قَدۡ جَآءَتۡ رُسُلُ رَبِّنَا بِٱلۡحَقِّ فَهَل لَّنَا مِن شُفَعَآءَ فَيَشۡفَعُواْ لَنَآ أَوۡ نُرَدُّ فَنَعۡمَلَ غَيۡرَ ٱلَّذِي كُنَّا نَعۡمَلُۚ قَدۡ خَسِرُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ وَضَلَّ عَنۡهُم مَّا كَانُواْ يَفۡتَرُونَ ٥٣
Do they await except its result?1 The Day its result comes, those who had ignored it before will say, "The messengers of our Lord had come with the truth, so are there [now] any intercessors to intercede for us or could we be sent back to do other than what we used to do?" They will have lost themselves, and lost from them is what they used to invent.
1 translator’s note
- The fulfillment of what is promised in the Qur’ān. ↩
7:54
إِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٖ ثُمَّ ٱسۡتَوَىٰ عَلَى ٱلۡعَرۡشِۖ يُغۡشِي ٱلَّيۡلَ ٱلنَّهَارَ يَطۡلُبُهُۥ حَثِيثٗا وَٱلشَّمۡسَ وَٱلۡقَمَرَ وَٱلنُّجُومَ مُسَخَّرَٰتِۭ بِأَمۡرِهِۦٓۗ أَلَا لَهُ ٱلۡخَلۡقُ وَٱلۡأَمۡرُۗ تَبَارَكَ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٥٤
Indeed, your Lord is Allāh, who created the heavens and earth in six days and then established Himself above the Throne.1 He covers the night with the day, [another night] chasing it rapidly; and [He created] the sun, the moon, and the stars, subjected by His command. Unquestionably, His is the creation and the command; blessed is Allāh, Lord of the worlds.
1 translator’s note
- There are several linguistic meanings of the words "istawā ʿalā," among them: to settle upon, to assume ascendancy above, and to assert authority over. However, it is known that all the attributes of Allāh are eternal, i.e., they have always existed and were present before He created. Thus, it cannot be said that He "rose" above the Throne, as Allāh has always been ascendant. Because the Creator may not be compared to His creation, the Prophet's companions and early scholars refused speculation as to how His actions could be interpreted, considering any such attempt unlawful. Similarly, the true nature of the Throne is known only to Allāh, the Exalted. ↩
7:55
ٱدۡعُواْ رَبَّكُمۡ تَضَرُّعٗا وَخُفۡيَةًۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُعۡتَدِينَ ٥٥
Call upon your Lord in humility and privately; indeed, He does not like transgressors.1
1 translator’s note
- In supplication or otherwise. ↩
7:56
وَلَا تُفۡسِدُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ بَعۡدَ إِصۡلَٰحِهَا وَٱدۡعُوهُ خَوۡفٗا وَطَمَعًاۚ إِنَّ رَحۡمَتَ ٱللَّهِ قَرِيبٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ٥٦
And cause not corruption upon the earth after its reformation. And invoke Him in fear and aspiration. Indeed, the mercy of Allāh is near to the doers of good.
7:57
وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي يُرۡسِلُ ٱلرِّيَٰحَ بُشۡرَۢا بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡ رَحۡمَتِهِۦۖ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَآ أَقَلَّتۡ سَحَابٗا ثِقَالٗا سُقۡنَٰهُ لِبَلَدٖ مَّيِّتٖ فَأَنزَلۡنَا بِهِ ٱلۡمَآءَ فَأَخۡرَجۡنَا بِهِۦ مِن كُلِّ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَذَكَّرُونَ ٥٧
And it is He who sends the winds as good tidings before His mercy [i.e., rainfall] until, when they have carried heavy rainclouds, We drive them to a dead land and We send down rain therein and bring forth thereby [some] of all the fruits. Thus will We bring forth the dead; perhaps you may be reminded.