Al-A'rafJuz 9 · Page 162

Al-A'raf 7:88

The Heights · Juz 9 · Page 162

۞ قَالَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ مِن قَوۡمِهِۦ لَنُخۡرِجَنَّكَ يَٰشُعَيۡبُ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَعَكَ مِن قَرۡيَتِنَآ أَوۡ لَتَعُودُنَّ فِي مِلَّتِنَاۚ قَالَ أَوَلَوۡ كُنَّا كَٰرِهِينَ ٨٨

Said the eminent ones who were arrogant among his people, "We will surely evict you, O Shuʿayb, and those who have believed with you from our city, or you must return to our religion." He said, "Even if we were unwilling?

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Makki ibn Abi Talib

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Commentary on 7:88–89

قوله: ﴿قَالَ ٱلْمَلأُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسْتَكْبَرُواْ مِن قَوْمِهِ لَنُخْرِجَنَّكَ يٰشُعَيْبُ﴾، إلى: ﴿ٱلْفَاتِحِينَ﴾.

المعنى: قال الملأ الذين استكبروا [عن الإيمان] من قومه: ﴿لَنُخْرِجَنَّكَ يٰشُعَيْبُ﴾، ومن آمن معك، ﴿مِن قَرْيَتِنَآ﴾، أو لترجعن إلى ديننا. قال شعيب لهم: ﴿أَوَلَوْ كُنَّا كَارِهِينَ﴾، أي: تخرجوننا، ونحن كارهون لذلك.

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وقوله: ﴿قَدِ ٱفْتَرَيْنَا عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِباً إِنْ عُدْنَا فِي مِلَّتِكُمْ﴾.

أي: قال شعيب لقومه إذْ دعوه إلى ملتهم، وَتَوَعَّدوه بالطرد: ﴿قَدِ ٱفْتَرَيْنَا عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِباً﴾، أي: اختلقنا على الله كذباً، وتَخَرَّصْنَا ذلك عليه، إن نحن ﴿عُدْنَا فِي مِلَّتِكُمْ﴾، أي: دينكم، بعد أن أنقذنا الله منها. وهذا من قول من آمن به وقد كان كافراً. فأما شعيب فلم يكن على ملتهم قط.

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ثم قال: ﴿وَمَا يَكُونُ لَنَآ أَن نَّعُودَ فِيهَآ﴾،: في ملتكم فندين الله بها ﴿إِلاَّ أَن يَشَآءَ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّنَا﴾، أي: إلا بمشيئة الله (سبحانه)، أي إلا أن يشاء ربنا أن يَتَعَبَّدَنَا بشيء مما أنتم عليه.

وقيل المعنى: إلا أن يشاء الله أن نعود، وهو لا يشاء ذلك أبداً بمنزلة قوله: ﴿حَتَّىٰ يَلِجَ ٱلْجَمَلُ فِي سَمِّ ٱلْخِيَاطِ﴾ [الأعراف: ٤٠]. وقيل: هو استثناء من الأول.

﴿وَسِعَ رَبُّنَا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ عِلْماً﴾. أي: أحاط به، فلا يخفى عليه شيء [كان، ولا شيء هو كائن]، فإن سبق في علمه أنا نعود في شيء منها؛ فلا بد أن يكون.

والله لا يشاء الكفر، أي: لا يُحِبُّه ولا يرضاه، وهو يشاؤه بمعنى: يُقَدِّره ويقضيه على من علمه منه. وقيل المعنى: ملأ ربنا كل شيء علماً.

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ثم قال: ﴿عَلَى ٱللَّهِ تَوَكَّلْنَا﴾. أي: عليه نعتمد في أمورنا.

﴿رَبَّنَا ٱفْتَحْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ قَوْمِنَا بِٱلْحَقِّ﴾. أي: احكم بيننا وبينهم.

﴿وَأَنتَ خَيْرُ ٱلْفَاتِحِينَ﴾. أي: الحاكمين.

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Page 162

Al-A'rafJuz 9 · Page 162

7:88

۞ قَالَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ مِن قَوۡمِهِۦ لَنُخۡرِجَنَّكَ يَٰشُعَيۡبُ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَعَكَ مِن قَرۡيَتِنَآ أَوۡ لَتَعُودُنَّ فِي مِلَّتِنَاۚ قَالَ أَوَلَوۡ كُنَّا كَٰرِهِينَ ٨٨

Said the eminent ones who were arrogant among his people, "We will surely evict you, O Shuʿayb, and those who have believed with you from our city, or you must return to our religion." He said, "Even if we were unwilling?

7:89

قَدِ ٱفۡتَرَيۡنَا عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبًا إِنۡ عُدۡنَا فِي مِلَّتِكُم بَعۡدَ إِذۡ نَجَّىٰنَا ٱللَّهُ مِنۡهَاۚ وَمَا يَكُونُ لَنَآ أَن نَّعُودَ فِيهَآ إِلَّآ أَن يَشَآءَ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّنَاۚ وَسِعَ رَبُّنَا كُلَّ شَيۡءٍ عِلۡمًاۚ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ تَوَكَّلۡنَاۚ رَبَّنَا ٱفۡتَحۡ بَيۡنَنَا وَبَيۡنَ قَوۡمِنَا بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَأَنتَ خَيۡرُ ٱلۡفَٰتِحِينَ ٨٩

We would have invented against Allāh a lie if we returned to your religion after Allāh had saved us from it. And it is not for us to return to it except that Allāh, our Lord, should will. Our Lord has encompassed all things in knowledge. Upon Allāh we have relied. Our Lord, decide between us and our people in truth, and You are the best of those who give decision."

7:90

وَقَالَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن قَوۡمِهِۦ لَئِنِ ٱتَّبَعۡتُمۡ شُعَيۡبًا إِنَّكُمۡ إِذٗا لَّخَٰسِرُونَ ٩٠

Said the eminent ones who disbelieved among his people, "If you should follow Shuʿayb, indeed, you would then be losers."

7:91

فَأَخَذَتۡهُمُ ٱلرَّجۡفَةُ فَأَصۡبَحُواْ فِي دَارِهِمۡ جَٰثِمِينَ ٩١

So the earthquake seized them, and they became within their home [corpses] fallen prone.

7:92

ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ شُعَيۡبٗا كَأَن لَّمۡ يَغۡنَوۡاْ فِيهَاۚ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ شُعَيۡبٗا كَانُواْ هُمُ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ ٩٢

Those who denied Shuʿayb - it was as though they had never resided there. Those who denied Shuʿayb - it was they who were the losers.

7:93

فَتَوَلَّىٰ عَنۡهُمۡ وَقَالَ يَٰقَوۡمِ لَقَدۡ أَبۡلَغۡتُكُمۡ رِسَٰلَٰتِ رَبِّي وَنَصَحۡتُ لَكُمۡۖ فَكَيۡفَ ءَاسَىٰ عَلَىٰ قَوۡمٖ كَٰفِرِينَ ٩٣

And he [i.e., Shuʿayb] turned away from them and said, "O my people, I had certainly conveyed to you the messages of my Lord and advised you, so how could I grieve for a disbelieving people?"

7:94

وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا فِي قَرۡيَةٖ مِّن نَّبِيٍّ إِلَّآ أَخَذۡنَآ أَهۡلَهَا بِٱلۡبَأۡسَآءِ وَٱلضَّرَّآءِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَضَّرَّعُونَ ٩٤

And We sent to no city a prophet [who was denied] except that We seized its people with poverty and hardship that they might humble themselves [to Allāh].

7:95

ثُمَّ بَدَّلۡنَا مَكَانَ ٱلسَّيِّئَةِ ٱلۡحَسَنَةَ حَتَّىٰ عَفَواْ وَّقَالُواْ قَدۡ مَسَّ ءَابَآءَنَا ٱلضَّرَّآءُ وَٱلسَّرَّآءُ فَأَخَذۡنَٰهُم بَغۡتَةٗ وَهُمۡ لَا يَشۡعُرُونَ ٩٥

Then We exchanged in place of the bad [condition], good, until they increased [and prospered] and said, "Our fathers [also] were touched with hardship and ease."1 So We seized them suddenly while they did not perceive.2

2 translator’s notes
  1. Instead of being grateful to Allāh for His blessings, they merely attributed them to the changing fortunes of time.

    [384] That they had been tried and tested.

    ↩
  2. ↩
Makki ibn Abi TalibTafsir · 7:88

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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