Al-Ma'arij 70:32
The Ascending Stairways · Juz 29 · Page 569
وَٱلَّذِينَ هُمۡ لِأَمَٰنَٰتِهِمۡ وَعَهۡدِهِمۡ رَٰعُونَ ٣٢
And those who are to their trusts and promises attentive
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Alusi
Detailed
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Commentary on 70:29–32
﴿والَّذِينَ هم لِفُرُوجِهِمْ حافِظُونَ﴾ ﴿إلا عَلى أزْواجِهِمْ أوْ ما مَلَكَتْ أيْمانُهم فَإنَّهم غَيْرُ مَلُومِينَ﴾ ﴿فَمَنِ ابْتَغى وراءَ ذَلِكَ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ العادُونَ﴾ سَبَقَ تَفْسِيرُهُ في سُورَةِ المُؤْمِنِينَ عَلى وجْهٍ مُسْتَوْفًى فَتَذَكَّرْهُ ﴿والَّذِينَ هم لأماناتِهِمْ وعَهْدِهِمْ راعُونَ﴾ لا يُخِلُّونَ بِشَيْءٍ مِن حُقُوقِها وكَأنَّهُ لِكَثْرَةِ الأمانَةِ جُمِعَتْ ولَمْ يُجْمَعِ العَهْدُ قَبْلُ إيذانًا بِأنَّهُ لَيْسَ كالأمانَةِ كَثْرَةً وقِيلَ لِأنَّهُ مَصْدَرٌ ويَدُلُّ عَلى كَثْرَةِ الأمانَةِ ما رَوى الكَلْبِيُّ: كُلُّ أحَدٍ مُؤْتَمَنٌ عَلى ما افْتُرِضَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ العَقائِدِ والأقْوالِ والأحْوالِ والأفْعالِ ومِنَ الحُقُوقِ في الأمْوالِ وحُقُوقِ الأهْلِ والعِيالِ وسائِرِ الأقارِبِ والمَمْلُوكِينَ والجارِ وسائِرِ المُسْلِمِينَ. وقالَ السُّدِّيُّ إنَّ حُقُوقَ الشَّرْعِ كُلَّها أماناتٌ قَدْ قَبِلَها المُؤْمِنُ وضِمِنَ أداءَها بِقَبُولِ الإيمانِ وقِيلَ كُلُّ ما أعْطاهُ اللَّهُ تَعالى لِلْعَبْدِ مِنَ الأعْضاءِ وغَيْرِها أمانَةٌ عِنْدَهُ فَمَنِ اسْتَعْمَلَ ذَلِكَ في غَيْرِ ما أعْطاهُ لِأجْلِهِ وأذِنَ سُبْحانَهُ لَهُ بِهِ فَقَدْ خانَ الأمانَةَ والخِيانَةُ فِيها وكَذا الغَدْرُ بِالعَهْدِ مِنَ الكَبائِرِ عَلى ما نَصَّ غَيْرُ واحِدٍ.
وقَدْ رَوى البُخارِيُّ ومُسْلِمٌ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ مَرْفُوعًا: «أرْبَعٌ مَن كُنَّ فِيهِ كانَ مُنافِقًا خالِصًا ومَن كانَتْ فِيهِ خَصْلَةٌ مِنهُنَّ كانَتْ فِيهِ
صفحة 64
خَصْلَةٌ مِنَ النِّفاقِ حَتّى يَدَعَها: إذا اؤْتُمِنُ خانَ، وإذا حَدَّثَ كَذَبَ، وإذا عاهَدَ غَدَرَ، وإذا خاصَمَ فَجَرَ» .
وأخْرَجَ البَيْهَقِيُّ في شُعَبِ الإيمانِ عَنْ أنَسٍ قالَ: «ما خَطَبَنا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلّا قالَ: لا إيمانَ لِمَن لا أمانَةَ لَهُ، ولا دِينَ لِمَن لا عَهْدَ لَهُ» وقَرَأ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ «لِأمانَتِهِمْ» بِالإفْرادِ عَلى إرادَةِ الجِنْسِ.
Page 569
70:11
يُبَصَّرُونَهُمۡۚ يَوَدُّ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُ لَوۡ يَفۡتَدِي مِنۡ عَذَابِ يَوۡمِئِذِۭ بِبَنِيهِ ١١
They will be shown each other. The criminal will wish that he could be ransomed from the punishment of that Day by his children
70:12
وَصَٰحِبَتِهِۦ وَأَخِيهِ ١٢
And his wife and his brother
70:13
وَفَصِيلَتِهِ ٱلَّتِي تُـٔۡوِيهِ ١٣
And his nearest kindred who shelter him
70:14
وَمَن فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ جَمِيعٗا ثُمَّ يُنجِيهِ ١٤
And whoever is on earth entirely [so] then it could save him.
70:15
كـَلَّآۖ إِنَّهَا لَظَىٰ ١٥
No!1 Indeed, it is the Flame [of Hell],
1 translator’s note
- An emphatic refusal meaning "It is not to be." ↩
70:16
نَزَّاعَةٗ لِّلشَّوَىٰ ١٦
A remover of exteriors.1
1 translator’s note
- This refers to the skin of the head or of the body or to the body extremities - which will be burned away. ↩
70:17
تَدۡعُواْ مَنۡ أَدۡبَرَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ ١٧
It invites he who turned his back [on truth] and went away [from obedience]
70:18
وَجَمَعَ فَأَوۡعَىٰٓ ١٨
And collected [wealth] and hoarded.
70:19
۞ إِنَّ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ خُلِقَ هَلُوعًا ١٩
Indeed, mankind was created anxious:
70:20
إِذَا مَسَّهُ ٱلشَّرُّ جَزُوعٗا ٢٠
When evil touches him, impatient,
70:21
وَإِذَا مَسَّهُ ٱلۡخَيۡرُ مَنُوعًا ٢١
And when good touches him, withholding [of it],
70:22
إِلَّا ٱلۡمُصَلِّينَ ٢٢
Except the observers of prayer -
70:23
ٱلَّذِينَ هُمۡ عَلَىٰ صَلَاتِهِمۡ دَآئِمُونَ ٢٣
Those who are constant in their prayer
70:24
وَٱلَّذِينَ فِيٓ أَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ حَقّٞ مَّعۡلُومٞ ٢٤
And those within whose wealth is a known right1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., a specified share, meaning the obligatory zakāh. ↩
70:25
لِّلسَّآئِلِ وَٱلۡمَحۡرُومِ ٢٥
For the petitioner and the deprived -
70:26
وَٱلَّذِينَ يُصَدِّقُونَ بِيَوۡمِ ٱلدِّينِ ٢٦
And those who believe in the Day of Recompense
70:27
وَٱلَّذِينَ هُم مِّنۡ عَذَابِ رَبِّهِم مُّشۡفِقُونَ ٢٧
And those who are fearful of the punishment of their Lord -
70:28
إِنَّ عَذَابَ رَبِّهِمۡ غَيۡرُ مَأۡمُونٖ ٢٨
Indeed, the punishment of their Lord is not that from which one is safe -
70:29
وَٱلَّذِينَ هُمۡ لِفُرُوجِهِمۡ حَٰفِظُونَ ٢٩
And those who guard their private parts
70:30
إِلَّا عَلَىٰٓ أَزۡوَٰجِهِمۡ أَوۡ مَا مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُهُمۡ فَإِنَّهُمۡ غَيۡرُ مَلُومِينَ ٣٠
Except from their wives or those their right hands possess,1 for indeed, they are not to be blamed -
1 translator’s note
- i.e., female slaves. ↩
70:31
فَمَنِ ٱبۡتَغَىٰ وَرَآءَ ذَٰلِكَ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡعَادُونَ ٣١
But whoever seeks beyond that, then they are the transgressors -
70:32
وَٱلَّذِينَ هُمۡ لِأَمَٰنَٰتِهِمۡ وَعَهۡدِهِمۡ رَٰعُونَ ٣٢
And those who are to their trusts and promises attentive
70:33
وَٱلَّذِينَ هُم بِشَهَٰدَٰتِهِمۡ قَآئِمُونَ ٣٣
And those who are in their testimonies upright
70:34
وَٱلَّذِينَ هُمۡ عَلَىٰ صَلَاتِهِمۡ يُحَافِظُونَ ٣٤
And those who [carefully] maintain their prayer:
70:35
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ فِي جَنَّٰتٖ مُّكۡرَمُونَ ٣٥
They will be in gardens,1 honored.
1 translator’s note
- In Paradise. ↩
70:36
فَمَالِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ قِبَلَكَ مُهۡطِعِينَ ٣٦
So what is [the matter] with those who disbelieve, hastening [from] before you, [O Muḥammad],
70:37
عَنِ ٱلۡيَمِينِ وَعَنِ ٱلشِّمَالِ عِزِينَ ٣٧
[To sit] on [your] right and [your] left in separate groups?1
1 translator’s note
- They sat at a distance in order to oppose and mock the Prophet (ﷺ), claiming that they would enter Paradise before the believers. ↩
70:38
أَيَطۡمَعُ كُلُّ ٱمۡرِيٕٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ أَن يُدۡخَلَ جَنَّةَ نَعِيمٖ ٣٨
Does every person among them aspire to enter a garden of pleasure?
70:39
كـَلَّآۖ إِنَّا خَلَقۡنَٰهُم مِّمَّا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٣٩
No! Indeed, We have created them from that which they know.1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., a liquid disdained. So how can they expect to enter Paradise except by the will of their Creator? ↩