At-Tawbah 9:46
The Repentance · Juz 10 · Page 194
۞ وَلَوۡ أَرَادُواْ ٱلۡخُرُوجَ لَأَعَدُّواْ لَهُۥ عُدَّةٗ وَلَٰكِن كَرِهَ ٱللَّهُ ٱنۢبِعَاثَهُمۡ فَثَبَّطَهُمۡ وَقِيلَ ٱقۡعُدُواْ مَعَ ٱلۡقَٰعِدِينَ ٤٦
And if they had intended to go forth, they would have prepared for it [some] preparation. But Allāh disliked their being sent, so He kept them back, and they were told, "Remain [behind] with those who remain."1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the women and children. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
As-Suyuti
Detailed
Change
Commentary on 9:46–48
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿ولَوْ أرادُوا الخُرُوجَ﴾ . الآياتِ.
أخْرَجَ ابْنُ أبِي حاتِمٍ وأبُو الشَّيْخِ، عَنِ الضَّحّاكِ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿ولَكِنْ كَرِهَ اللَّهُ انْبِعاثَهُمْ﴾ قالَ: خُرُوجَهم.
وأخْرَجَ ابْنُ أبِي حاتِمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿فَثَبَّطَهُمْ﴾ قالَ: حَبَسَهم.
وأخْرَجَ ابْنُ أبِي حاتِمٍ وأبُو الشَّيْخِ، عَنِ ابْنِ زَيْدٍ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿لَوْ خَرَجُوا فِيكم ما زادُوكم إلا خَبالا﴾ قالَ: هَؤُلاءِ المُنافِقُونَ في غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ، سَألَ اللَّهُ عَنْهم: نَبِيُّهُ والمُؤْمِنُونَ فَقالَ: ما يَحْزُنُكم: ﴿لَوْ خَرَجُوا فِيكم ما زادُوكم إلا خَبالا﴾ يَقُولُ: جُمِعَ لَكم وفُعِلَ وفُعِلَ يُخَذِّلُونَكم.
وأخْرَجَ عَبْدُ الرَّزّاقِ، وابْنُ المُنْذِرِ، وابْنُ أبِي حاتِمٍ، عَنْ قَتادَةَ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿ولأوْضَعُوا خِلالَكُمْ﴾ قالَ: لَأسْرَعُوا بَيْنَكم.
وأخْرَجَ ابْنُ أبِي شَيْبَةَ، وابْنُ المُنْذِرِ، وابْنُ أبِي حاتِمٍ، وأبُو الشَّيْخِ، عَنْ (p-٣٩٤)مُجاهِدٍ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿ولأوْضَعُوا خِلالَكُمْ﴾ قالَ: لارْفَضُّوا: ﴿يَبْغُونَكُمُ الفِتْنَةَ﴾ قالَ: يُبَطِّئُونَكُمْ؛ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نَبْتَلٍ وعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيِّ ابْنُ سَلُولَ ورِفاعَةُ بْنُ تابُوتٍ وأوْسُ بْنُ قَيْظِيٍّ: ﴿وفِيكم سَمّاعُونَ لَهُمْ﴾ قالَ: مُحَدِّثُونَ بِأحادِيثِهِمْ غَيْرَ مُنافِقِينَ هم عُيُونٌ لِلْمُنافِقِينَ.
وأخْرَجَ ابْنُ أبِي حاتِمٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أسْلَمَ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿وفِيكم سَمّاعُونَ لَهُمْ﴾ قالَ: مُبَلِّغُونَ.
وأخْرَجَ ابْنُ إسْحاقَ، وابْنُ المُنْذِرِ عَنِ الحَسَنِ البَصَرِيِّ قالَ: كانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ، وعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نَبْتَلٍ ورِفاعَةُ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ تابُوتٍ مِن عُظَماءِ المُنافِقِينَ وكانُوا مِمَّنْ يَكِيدُ الإسْلامَ وأهْلَهُ وفِيهِمْ أنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: ﴿لَقَدِ ابْتَغَوُا الفِتْنَةَ مِن قَبْلُ وقَلَّبُوا لَكَ الأُمُورَ﴾ إلى آخِرِ الآيَةِ.
Page 194
9:41
ٱنفِرُواْ خِفَافٗا وَثِقَالٗا وَجَٰهِدُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِكُمۡ وَأَنفُسِكُمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ تَعۡلَمُونَ ٤١
Go forth, whether light or heavy,1 and strive with your wealth and your lives in the cause of Allāh. That is better for you, if you only knew.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., young or old, riding or walking, in ease or in hardship - in all circumstances and conditions. ↩
9:42
لَوۡ كَانَ عَرَضٗا قَرِيبٗا وَسَفَرٗا قَاصِدٗا لَّٱتَّبَعُوكَ وَلَٰكِنۢ بَعُدَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلشُّقَّةُۚ وَسَيَحۡلِفُونَ بِٱللَّهِ لَوِ ٱسۡتَطَعۡنَا لَخَرَجۡنَا مَعَكُمۡ يُهۡلِكُونَ أَنفُسَهُمۡ وَٱللَّهُ يَعۡلَمُ إِنَّهُمۡ لَكَٰذِبُونَ ٤٢
Had it been a near [i.e., easy] gain and a moderate trip, they [i.e., the hypocrites] would have followed you, but distant to them was the journey. And they will swear by Allāh,1 "If we were able, we would have gone forth with you," destroying themselves [through false oaths], and Allāh knows that indeed they are liars.
1 translator’s note
- When you return from the Tabūk expedition. ↩
9:43
عَفَا ٱللَّهُ عَنكَ لِمَ أَذِنتَ لَهُمۡ حَتَّىٰ يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكَ ٱلَّذِينَ صَدَقُواْ وَتَعۡلَمَ ٱلۡكَٰذِبِينَ ٤٣
Allāh has pardoned you, [O Muḥammad, but] why did you give them permission [to remain behind]? [You should not have] until it was evident to you who were truthful and you knew [who were] the liars.
9:44
لَا يَسۡتَـٔۡذِنُكَ ٱلَّذِينَ يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ أَن يُجَٰهِدُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمُۢ بِٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ ٤٤
Those who believe in Allāh and the Last Day would not ask permission of you to be excused from striving [i.e., fighting] with their wealth and their lives. And Allāh is Knowing of those who fear Him.
9:45
إِنَّمَا يَسۡتَـٔۡذِنُكَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ وَٱرۡتَابَتۡ قُلُوبُهُمۡ فَهُمۡ فِي رَيۡبِهِمۡ يَتَرَدَّدُونَ ٤٥
Only those would ask permission of you who do not believe in Allāh and the Last Day and whose hearts have doubted, and they, in their doubt, are hesitating.
9:46
۞ وَلَوۡ أَرَادُواْ ٱلۡخُرُوجَ لَأَعَدُّواْ لَهُۥ عُدَّةٗ وَلَٰكِن كَرِهَ ٱللَّهُ ٱنۢبِعَاثَهُمۡ فَثَبَّطَهُمۡ وَقِيلَ ٱقۡعُدُواْ مَعَ ٱلۡقَٰعِدِينَ ٤٦
And if they had intended to go forth, they would have prepared for it [some] preparation. But Allāh disliked their being sent, so He kept them back, and they were told, "Remain [behind] with those who remain."1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the women and children. ↩
9:47
لَوۡ خَرَجُواْ فِيكُم مَّا زَادُوكُمۡ إِلَّا خَبَالٗا وَلَأَوۡضَعُواْ خِلَٰلَكُمۡ يَبۡغُونَكُمُ ٱلۡفِتۡنَةَ وَفِيكُمۡ سَمَّٰعُونَ لَهُمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمُۢ بِٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٤٧
Had they gone forth with you, they would not have increased you except in confusion, and they would have been active among you, seeking [to cause] you fitnah [i.e., chaos and dissension]. And among you are avid listeners to them. And Allāh is Knowing of the wrongdoers.