At-Tawbah 9:48
The Repentance · Juz 10 · Page 195
لَقَدِ ٱبۡتَغَوُاْ ٱلۡفِتۡنَةَ مِن قَبۡلُ وَقَلَّبُواْ لَكَ ٱلۡأُمُورَ حَتَّىٰ جَآءَ ٱلۡحَقُّ وَظَهَرَ أَمۡرُ ٱللَّهِ وَهُمۡ كَٰرِهُونَ ٤٨
They had already desired dissension before and had upset matters for you1 until the truth came and the ordinance [i.e., victory] of Allāh appeared, while they were averse.
1 translator’s note
- Or "turned matters related to you over [in their minds, considering how to cause you failure]." ↩
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Commentary on 9:48
﴿لَقَدِ ابْتَغَوُا الفِتْنَةَ﴾ تَشْتِيتَ شَمْلِكَ وتَفَرُّقَ أصْحابِكَ ﴿مِن قَبْلُ﴾ أيْ: مِن قَبْلِ هَذِهِ الغَزْوَةِ، وذَلِكَ كَما رُوِيَ عَنِ الحَسَنِ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ حِينَ انْصَرَفَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ ابْنُ سَلُولَ بِأصْحابِهِ المُنافِقِينَ، وقَدْ تَخَلَّفَ بِهِمْ عَنْ هَذِهِ الغَزْوَةِ أيْضًا بَعْدَ أنْ خَرَجَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إلى قَرِيبٍ مِن ثَنِيَّةِ الوَداعِ، ورُوِيَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، وابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، أنَّ المُرادَ بِالفِتْنَةِ الفَتْكُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلّى اللَّهُ تَعالى عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ لَيْلَةَ العَقَبَةِ، وذَلِكَ أنَّهُ اجْتَمَعَ اثْنا عَشَرَ رَجُلًا مِنَ المُنافِقِينَ ووَقَفُوا عَلى الثَّنِيَّةِ لِيَفْتِكُوا بِهِ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلاةُ والسَّلامُ فَرَدَّهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعالى خاسِئِينَ﴿وقَلَّبُوا لَكَ الأُمُورَ﴾ أيِ: المَكايِدَ تَقْلِيبُها مَجازٌ عَنْ تَدْبِيرِها أوِ الآراءِ وهو مَجازٌ عَنْ تَفْتِيشِها، أيْ دَبَّرُوا لَكَ المَكايِدَ والحِيَلَ أوْ دَوَّرُوا الآراءَ في إبْطالِ أمْرِكَ، وقُرِئَ ( وقَلَبُوا ) بِالتَّخْفِيفِ ﴿حَتّى جاءَ الحَقُّ﴾ أيِ: النَّصْرُ والظَّفَرُ الَّذِي وعَدَهُ اللَّهُ تَعالى ﴿وظَهَرَ أمْرُ اللَّهِ﴾ أيْ غَلَبَ دِينُهُ وعَلا شَرْعُهُ سُبْحانَهُ ﴿وهم كارِهُونَ﴾ أيْ في حالِ كَراهَتِهِمْ لِذَلِكَ أيْ عَلى رَغْمٍ مِنهم، والإتْيانُ كَما قالُوا لِتَسْلِيَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ والمُؤْمِنِينَ عَنْ تَخَلُّفِ المُتَخَلِّفِينَ وبَيانِ ما ثَبَّطَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعالى لِأجْلِهِ وهَتْكِ أسْتارِهِمْ وإزاحَةِ أعْذارِهِنَّ تَدارُكًا لِما عَسى يَفُوتُ بِالمُبادَرَةِ إلى الإذْنِ وإيذَنًا بِأنَّ ما فاتَ بِها لَيْسَ مِمّا لا يُمْكِنُ تَلافِيهِ تَهْوِيلًا لِلْخَطْبِ.
Page 195
9:48
لَقَدِ ٱبۡتَغَوُاْ ٱلۡفِتۡنَةَ مِن قَبۡلُ وَقَلَّبُواْ لَكَ ٱلۡأُمُورَ حَتَّىٰ جَآءَ ٱلۡحَقُّ وَظَهَرَ أَمۡرُ ٱللَّهِ وَهُمۡ كَٰرِهُونَ ٤٨
They had already desired dissension before and had upset matters for you1 until the truth came and the ordinance [i.e., victory] of Allāh appeared, while they were averse.
1 translator’s note
- Or "turned matters related to you over [in their minds, considering how to cause you failure]." ↩
9:49
وَمِنۡهُم مَّن يَقُولُ ٱئۡذَن لِّي وَلَا تَفۡتِنِّيٓۚ أَلَا فِي ٱلۡفِتۡنَةِ سَقَطُواْۗ وَإِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ لَمُحِيطَةُۢ بِٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٤٩
And among them is he who says, "Permit me [to remain at home] and do not put me to trial." Unquestionably, into trial they have fallen.1 And indeed, Hell will encompass the disbelievers.
1 translator’s note
- By avoiding their obligation, they fell into destruction. ↩
9:50
إِن تُصِبۡكَ حَسَنَةٞ تَسُؤۡهُمۡۖ وَإِن تُصِبۡكَ مُصِيبَةٞ يَقُولُواْ قَدۡ أَخَذۡنَآ أَمۡرَنَا مِن قَبۡلُ وَيَتَوَلَّواْ وَّهُمۡ فَرِحُونَ ٥٠
If good befalls you, it distresses them; but if disaster strikes you, they say, "We took our matter [in hand] before,"1 and turn away while they are rejoicing.
1 translator’s note
- The hypocrites claim to have protected themselves by remaining behind. ↩
9:51
قُل لَّن يُصِيبَنَآ إِلَّا مَا كَتَبَ ٱللَّهُ لَنَا هُوَ مَوۡلَىٰنَاۚ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ٥١
Say, "Never will we be struck except by what Allāh has decreed for us; He is our protector." And upon Allāh let the believers rely.
9:52
قُلۡ هَلۡ تَرَبَّصُونَ بِنَآ إِلَّآ إِحۡدَى ٱلۡحُسۡنَيَيۡنِۖ وَنَحۡنُ نَتَرَبَّصُ بِكُمۡ أَن يُصِيبَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِعَذَابٖ مِّنۡ عِندِهِۦٓ أَوۡ بِأَيۡدِينَاۖ فَتَرَبَّصُوٓاْ إِنَّا مَعَكُم مُّتَرَبِّصُونَ ٥٢
Say, "Do you await for us except one of the two best things [i.e., martyrdom or victory] while we await for you that Allāh will afflict you with punishment from Himself or at our hands? So wait; indeed we, along with you, are waiting."
9:53
قُلۡ أَنفِقُواْ طَوۡعًا أَوۡ كَرۡهٗا لَّن يُتَقَبَّلَ مِنكُمۡ إِنَّكُمۡ كُنتُمۡ قَوۡمٗا فَٰسِقِينَ ٥٣
Say, "Spend willingly or unwillingly; never will it be accepted from you. Indeed, you have been a defiantly disobedient people."
9:54
وَمَا مَنَعَهُمۡ أَن تُقۡبَلَ مِنۡهُمۡ نَفَقَٰتُهُمۡ إِلَّآ أَنَّهُمۡ كَفَرُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَبِرَسُولِهِۦ وَلَا يَأۡتُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ إِلَّا وَهُمۡ كُسَالَىٰ وَلَا يُنفِقُونَ إِلَّا وَهُمۡ كَٰرِهُونَ ٥٤
And what prevents their expenditures from being accepted from them but that they have disbelieved in Allāh and in His Messenger and that they come not to prayer except while they are lazy and that they do not spend except while they are unwilling.