At-TawbahJuz 10 · Page 187

At-Tawbah 9:5

The Repentance · Juz 10 · Page 187

فَإِذَا ٱنسَلَخَ ٱلۡأَشۡهُرُ ٱلۡحُرُمُ فَٱقۡتُلُواْ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ حَيۡثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمۡ وَخُذُوهُمۡ وَٱحۡصُرُوهُمۡ وَٱقۡعُدُواْ لَهُمۡ كُلَّ مَرۡصَدٖۚ فَإِن تَابُواْ وَأَقَامُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَوُاْ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ فَخَلُّواْ سَبِيلَهُمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٥

And when the inviolable months1 have passed, then kill the polytheists wherever you find them and capture them and besiege them and sit in wait for them at every place of ambush. But if they should repent, establish prayer, and give zakāh, let them [go] on their way. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.

1 translator’s note
  1. The four months mentioned in verse 2, in which the disbelievers were allowed free movement within the land. Other scholars have interpreted them as "the sacred months," i.e., Muḥarram, Rajab, Dhul-Qaʿdah and Dhul-Ḥijjah. ↩

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Commentary on 9:5

﴿فإذا انسلخ الأشهر الحرم﴾: الفاء عاطفة، أو استئنافية، وإذا ظرف مستقبل متضمن معنى الشرط، وجملة انسلخ في محل جر بإضافة الظرف إليها، والأشهر فاعل، والحرم صفة.

﴿فاقتلوا المشركين حيث وجدتموهم﴾: الفاء رابطة، واقتلوا المشركين فعل أمر وفاعل ومفعول به، وحيث ظرف متعلق باقتلوا، وجملة وجدتموهم في محل جر بإضافة الظرف إليها، وجملة ﴿فإذا انسلخ الأشهر...﴾ معطوفة، أو مستأنفة لا محل لها من الإعراب.

﴿وخذوهم واحصروهم واقعدوا لهم كل مرصد﴾: خذوهم عطف على اقتلوا. واحصروهم عطف أيضًا. واقعدوا عطف أيضًا. ولهم جار ومجرور متعلقان بـ﴿اقعدوا﴾. و﴿كل﴾ ظرف مكان منصوب، وقيل: منصوب بنزع الخافض، والخافض المقدر هو ﴿على﴾ أو ﴿الباء الظرفية﴾ أو ﴿في﴾. و﴿مرصد﴾ مضاف إليه.

﴿فإن تابوا وأقاموا الصلاة وآتوا الزكاة فخلوا سبيلهم﴾: الفاء استئنافية، والجملة بعدها مستأنفة لا محل لها من الإعراب، وإن شرطية، وتابوا فعل وفاعل في محل جزم فعل الشرط، وأقاموا الصلاة عطف على تابوا، وكذلك فعل وفاعل في محل جزم فعل الشرط، وأقاموا الصلاة عطف على تابوا، وآتوا الزكاة، فخلوا الفاء رابطة، وخلوا فعل أمر وفاعل، وسبيلهم مفعول به.

﴿إن الله غفور رحيم﴾: إن حرف ناسخ، ولفظ الجلالة اسمها، وغفور رحيم خبراها، والجملة تعليلية لا محل لها من الإعراب.

Saheeh International · Al-I'rab al-Muyassar · Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api · Quran Foundation

Page 187

At-TawbahJuz 10 · Page 187

سورة التوبة

At-Tawbah

The Repentance · Medinan · 129 ayahs

9:1

بَرَآءَةٞ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦٓ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ عَٰهَدتُّم مِّنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ ١

[This is a declaration of] disassociation, from Allāh and His Messenger, to those with whom you had made a treaty among the polytheists.1

1 translator’s note
  1. But who had violated it. ↩

9:2

فَسِيحُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ أَرۡبَعَةَ أَشۡهُرٖ وَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّكُمۡ غَيۡرُ مُعۡجِزِي ٱللَّهِ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مُخۡزِي ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٢

So travel freely, [O disbelievers], throughout the land [during] four months but know that you cannot cause failure to Allāh and that Allāh will disgrace the disbelievers.

9:3

وَأَذَٰنٞ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦٓ إِلَى ٱلنَّاسِ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡحَجِّ ٱلۡأَكۡبَرِ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ بَرِيٓءٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ وَرَسُولُهُۥۚ فَإِن تُبۡتُمۡ فَهُوَ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡۖ وَإِن تَوَلَّيۡتُمۡ فَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّكُمۡ غَيۡرُ مُعۡجِزِي ٱللَّهِۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ ٣

And [it is] an announcement from Allāh and His Messenger to the people on the day of the greater pilgrimage1 that Allāh is disassociated from the disbelievers, and [so is] His Messenger. So if you repent, that is best for you; but if you turn away - then know that you will not cause failure to Allāh.2 And give tidings to those who disbelieve of a painful punishment.

2 translator’s notes
  1. Ḥajj. ʿUmrah is the lesser pilgrimage.

    [463] i.e., you cannot escape His punishment.

    ↩
  2. ↩

9:4

إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ عَٰهَدتُّم مِّنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ ثُمَّ لَمۡ يَنقُصُوكُمۡ شَيۡـٔٗا وَلَمۡ يُظَٰهِرُواْ عَلَيۡكُمۡ أَحَدٗا فَأَتِمُّوٓاْ إِلَيۡهِمۡ عَهۡدَهُمۡ إِلَىٰ مُدَّتِهِمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ ٤

Excepted are those with whom you made a treaty among the polytheists and then they have not been deficient toward you in anything or supported anyone against you; so complete for them their treaty until their term [has ended]. Indeed, Allāh loves the righteous [who fear Him].

9:5

فَإِذَا ٱنسَلَخَ ٱلۡأَشۡهُرُ ٱلۡحُرُمُ فَٱقۡتُلُواْ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ حَيۡثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمۡ وَخُذُوهُمۡ وَٱحۡصُرُوهُمۡ وَٱقۡعُدُواْ لَهُمۡ كُلَّ مَرۡصَدٖۚ فَإِن تَابُواْ وَأَقَامُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَوُاْ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ فَخَلُّواْ سَبِيلَهُمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٥

And when the inviolable months1 have passed, then kill the polytheists wherever you find them and capture them and besiege them and sit in wait for them at every place of ambush. But if they should repent, establish prayer, and give zakāh, let them [go] on their way. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.

1 translator’s note
  1. The four months mentioned in verse 2, in which the disbelievers were allowed free movement within the land. Other scholars have interpreted them as "the sacred months," i.e., Muḥarram, Rajab, Dhul-Qaʿdah and Dhul-Ḥijjah. ↩

9:6

وَإِنۡ أَحَدٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ ٱسۡتَجَارَكَ فَأَجِرۡهُ حَتَّىٰ يَسۡمَعَ كَلَٰمَ ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ أَبۡلِغۡهُ مَأۡمَنَهُۥۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ قَوۡمٞ لَّا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٦

And if any one of the polytheists seeks your protection, then grant him protection so that he may hear the words of Allāh [i.e., the Qur’ān]. Then deliver him to his place of safety. That is because they are a people who do not know.

Al-I'rab al-MuyassarTafsir · 9:5

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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