بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Al-'Alaq 96:4
The Clot · Juz 30 · Page 597
ٱلَّذِي عَلَّمَ بِٱلۡقَلَمِ ٤
Who taught by the pen –
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Alusi
Detailed
Change
Commentary on 96:3–4
ثُمَّ كَرَّرَ جَلَّ وعَلا الأمْرَ بِقَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿اقْرَأْ﴾ أيِ افْعَلْ ما أُمِرْتَ بِهِ تَأْكِيدًا لِلْإيجابِ وتَمْهِيدًا لِما يَعْقُبُهُ مِن قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿ورَبُّكَ الأكْرَمُ﴾ إلَخْ فَإنَّهُ كَلامٌ مُسْتَأْنَفٌ وأرادَ لِإزاحَةِ ما بَيْنَهُ صَلّى اللَّهُ تَعالى عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّمَ مِنَ العُذْرِ بِقَوْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ لِجِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلاةُ والسَّلامُ حِينَ قالَ لَهُ اقْرَأْ فَقالَ: «ما أنا بِقارِئٍ».
يُرِيدُ أنَّ القِراءَةَ شَأْنُ مَن يَكْتُبُ ويَقْرَأُ وأنا أُمِّيٌّ فَقِيلَ: ﴿ورَبُّكَ﴾ الَّذِي أمَرَكَ بِالقِراءَةِ مُفْتَتِحًا ومُبْتَدَئًا بِاسْمِهِ ﴿الأكْرَمُ﴾ ﴿الَّذِي عَلَّمَ بِالقَلَمِ﴾ أيْ: عَلَّمَ ما عُلِّمَ بِواسِطَةِ القَلَمِ لا غَيْرِهِ تَعالى، فَكَما عَلَّمَ سُبْحانَهُ القارِئَ بِواسِطَةِ الكِتابَةِ بِالقَلَمِ يُعَلِّمُكَ بِدُونِها. وحَقِيقَةُ الكَرَمِ إعْطاءُ ما يَنْبَغِي لا لِغَرَضٍ فَهو صِفَةٌ لا يُشارِكُهُ تَعالى في إطْلاقِها أحَدٌ فافْعَلْ لِلْمُبالَغَةِ، وجُوِّزَ أنْ لا يَكُونَ اقْرَأْ هَذا تَأْكِيدًا لِلْأوَّلِ وإنَّما ذُكِرَ لِيُوصَلَ بِهِ ما يُزِيحُ العُذْرَ. فَجُمْلَةُ: ﴿ورَبُّكَ﴾ إلَخْ في مَوْضِعِ الحالِ مِنَ الضَّمِيرِ المُسْتَتِرِ فِيهِ.
Page 597
سورة التين
At-Tin
The Fig · Meccan · 8 ayahs
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
95:1
وَٱلتِّينِ وَٱلزَّيۡتُونِ ١
By the fig and the olive1
1 translator’s note
- Referring to the places known for their production, i.e., Damascus and Jerusalem, respectively. It could also refer to the fig and olive trees or to the fruits themselves. ↩
95:2
وَطُورِ سِينِينَ ٢
And [by] Mount Sinai
95:3
وَهَٰذَا ٱلۡبَلَدِ ٱلۡأَمِينِ ٣
And [by] this secure city [i.e., Makkah],
95:4
لَقَدۡ خَلَقۡنَا ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ فِيٓ أَحۡسَنِ تَقۡوِيمٖ ٤
We have certainly created man in the best of stature;1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., upright, symmetrical, and balanced in form and nature. ↩
95:5
ثُمَّ رَدَدۡنَٰهُ أَسۡفَلَ سَٰفِلِينَ ٥
Then We return him to the lowest of the low,1
1 translator’s note
- This can refer to the depths of Hell, to decrepit old age or to immorality. ↩
95:6
إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ فَلَهُمۡ أَجۡرٌ غَيۡرُ مَمۡنُونٖ ٦
Except for those who believe and do righteous deeds, for they will have a reward uninterrupted.
95:7
فَمَا يُكَذِّبُكَ بَعۡدُ بِٱلدِّينِ ٧
So what yet causes you to deny the Recompense?1
1 translator’s note
- More literally, "What makes you lie concerning it?" ↩
95:8
أَلَيۡسَ ٱللَّهُ بِأَحۡكَمِ ٱلۡحَٰكِمِينَ ٨
Is not Allāh the most just of judges?
سورة العلق
Al-'Alaq
The Clot · Meccan · 19 ayahs
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
96:1
ٱقۡرَأۡ بِٱسۡمِ رَبِّكَ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَ ١
Recite in the name of your Lord who created –
96:2
خَلَقَ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ مِنۡ عَلَقٍ ٢
Created man from a clinging substance.
96:3
ٱقۡرَأۡ وَرَبُّكَ ٱلۡأَكۡرَمُ ٣
Recite, and your Lord is the most Generous -
96:4
ٱلَّذِي عَلَّمَ بِٱلۡقَلَمِ ٤
Who taught by the pen –
96:5
عَلَّمَ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ مَا لَمۡ يَعۡلَمۡ ٥
Taught man that which he knew not.
96:6
كـَلَّآ إِنَّ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ لَيَطۡغَىٰٓ ٦
No! [But] indeed, man transgresses
96:7
أَن رَّءَاهُ ٱسۡتَغۡنَىٰٓ ٧
Because he sees himself self-sufficient.
96:8
إِنَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ ٱلرُّجۡعَىٰٓ ٨
Indeed, to your Lord is the return.
96:9
أَرَءَيۡتَ ٱلَّذِي يَنۡهَىٰ ٩
Have you seen the one who forbids
96:10
عَبۡدًا إِذَا صَلَّىٰٓ ١٠
A servant when he prays?
96:11
أَرَءَيۡتَ إِن كَانَ عَلَى ٱلۡهُدَىٰٓ ١١
Have you seen if he is upon guidance
96:12
أَوۡ أَمَرَ بِٱلتَّقۡوَىٰٓ ١٢
Or enjoins righteousness?
96:13
أَرَءَيۡتَ إِن كَذَّبَ وَتَوَلَّىٰٓ ١٣
Have you seen if he denies and turns away -
96:14
أَلَمۡ يَعۡلَم بِأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَرَىٰ ١٤
Does he not know that Allāh sees?
96:15
كـَلَّا لَئِن لَّمۡ يَنتَهِ لَنَسۡفَعَۢا بِٱلنَّاصِيَةِ ١٥
No! If he does not desist, We will surely drag him by the forelock1 –
1 translator’s note
- It may also mean "slap him" or "blacken his face at the forelock." ↩
96:16
نَاصِيَةٖ كَٰذِبَةٍ خَاطِئَةٖ ١٦
A lying, sinning forelock.
96:17
فَلۡيَدۡعُ نَادِيَهُۥ ١٧
Then let him call his associates;
96:18
سَنَدۡعُ ٱلزَّبَانِيَةَ ١٨
We will call the angels of Hell.1
1 translator’s note
- Those who push the wicked into the Fire. ↩
96:19
كـَلَّا لَا تُطِعۡهُ وَٱسۡجُدۡۤ وَٱقۡتَرِب۩ ١٩
No! Do not obey him. But prostrate and draw near [to Allāh].