Танвир аль-МикбасАль‑Анфаль · 8:66–75

Танвир аль-Микбас · Тафсир · на английском

Аль-Анфаль 8:66–75

8:66Страница 185

ٱلۡـَٰٔنَ خَفَّفَ ٱللَّهُ عَنكُمۡ وَعَلِمَ أَنَّ فِيكُمۡ ضَعۡفٗاۚ فَإِن يَكُن مِّنكُم مِّاْئَةٞ صَابِرَةٞ يَغۡلِبُواْ مِاْئَتَيۡنِۚ وَإِن يَكُن مِّنكُمۡ أَلۡفٞ يَغۡلِبُوٓاْ أَلۡفَيۡنِ بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ مَعَ ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ ٦٦

Now, Allāh has lightened [the hardship] for you, and He knows that among you is weakness. So if there are from you one hundred [who are] steadfast, they will overcome two hundred. And if there are among you a thousand, they will overcome two thousand by permission of Allāh. And Allāh is with the steadfast.

(Now hath Allah lightened your burden, for He knoweth that there is weakness in you) in relation to fighting. (So if there be of you a steadfast hundred) who seek their reward only from Allah (they shall overcome) they shall fight (two hundred, and if there be of you a thousand (steadfast) they shall overcome) they shall fight (two thousand by permission of Allah. Allah is with the steadfast) He helps the steadfast in war by making them triumphant.

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مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَن يَكُونَ لَهُۥٓ أَسۡرَىٰ حَتَّىٰ يُثۡخِنَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَٱللَّهُ يُرِيدُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةَۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٞ ٦٧

It is not for a prophet to have captives [of war] until he inflicts a massacre [upon Allāh's enemies] in the land. You [i.e., some Muslims] desire the commodities of this world,1 but Allāh desires [for you] the Hereafter. And Allāh is Exalted in Might and Wise.

(It is not for any Prophet) it is not proper for any Prophet (to have captives) from among disbelievers (until he hath made slaughter) until he conquers (in the land) by means of fighting. (Ye desire the lure of this world) by taking ransoms for the prisoners of Badr (and Allah desireth (for you) the Hereafter, and Allah is Mighty) in His retribution against His enemies, (Wise) by helping His friends.

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لَّوۡلَا كِتَٰبٞ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمۡ فِيمَآ أَخَذۡتُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٞ ٦٨

If not for a decree from Allāh that preceded,1 you would have been touched for what you took by a great punishment.

(Had it not been for an ordinance of Allah which had gone before) had it not been for Allah's decree that spoils of war were lawful for the community of Muhammad (pbuh); it is also said that this means: had it not been that Allah decreed felicity for the people of Badr, (an awful) a severe (doom had come upon you on account of what ye took) would have befallen you because of the ransoms you took.

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فَكُلُواْ مِمَّا غَنِمۡتُمۡ حَلَٰلٗا طَيِّبٗاۚ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٦٩

So consume what you have taken of war booty [as being] lawful and good, and fear Allāh. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.

(Now enjoy what ye have won) at Badr of spoils of war, (as lawful and good, and keep your duty to Allah) and fear Allah regarding this. (Lo! Allah is Forgiving) He overlooks transgressions, (Merciful) regarding that which ensued from you at Badr concerning the ransom of prisoners.

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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِيُّ قُل لِّمَن فِيٓ أَيۡدِيكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡأَسۡرَىٰٓ إِن يَعۡلَمِ ٱللَّهُ فِي قُلُوبِكُمۡ خَيۡرٗا يُؤۡتِكُمۡ خَيۡرٗا مِّمَّآ أُخِذَ مِنكُمۡ وَيَغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٧٠

O Prophet, say to whoever is in your hands of the captives, "If Allāh knows [any] good in your hearts, He will give you [something] better than what was taken from you, and He will forgive you; and Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful."

(O Prophet, Say unto those captives who are in your hands) i.e. 'Abbas [Ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib]: If Allah knoweth any good) faith and sincerity (in your hearts He will give you better than that which hath been taken from you) of ransom, (and will forgive you) the sins you committed in the pre-Islamic period. (Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful) towards he who believes in Him.

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وَإِن يُرِيدُواْ خِيَانَتَكَ فَقَدۡ خَانُواْ ٱللَّهَ مِن قَبۡلُ فَأَمۡكَنَ مِنۡهُمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ ٧١

But if they intend to betray you - then they have already betrayed Allāh before, and He empowered [you] over them. And Allāh is Knowing and Wise.

(And if they would betray thee) through faith, O Muhammad, (they betrayed Allah before) this, by shunning faith and committing transgressions, (and He gave (thee) power over them) He made you triumph over them at Badr. (Allah is Knower) of what is in their hearts of treachery, (Wise) in that which He decreed upon them.

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إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاوَواْ وَّنَصَرُوٓاْ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءُ بَعۡضٖۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَمۡ يُهَاجِرُواْ مَا لَكُم مِّن وَلَٰيَتِهِم مِّن شَيۡءٍ حَتَّىٰ يُهَاجِرُواْۚ وَإِنِ ٱسۡتَنصَرُوكُمۡ فِي ٱلدِّينِ فَعَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلنَّصۡرُ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ قَوۡمِۭ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٞۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ بَصِيرٞ ٧٢

Indeed, those who have believed and emigrated and fought with their wealth and lives in the cause of Allāh and those who gave shelter and aided - they are allies of one another. But those who believed and did not emigrate - for you there is no support of them until they emigrate. And if they seek help of you for the religion, then you must help, except against a people between yourselves and whom is a treaty. And Allāh is Seeing of what you do.

(Lo! those who believed) in Muhammad and in the Qur'an (and left their homes) in Mecca and headed towards Medina (and strove with their wealth and their lives for the cause of Allah) in obedience of Allah, (and those who took them in) those who hosted Muhammad (pbuh) and his Companions in Medina (in and helped them) on the Day of Badr; (these are protecting friends one of another) in inheritance. (And those who believed) in Muhammad (pbuh) and in the Qur'an (but did not leave their homes) in Mecca to migrate to Medina, (ye have no duty to protect them) you do not inherit them, nor do they inherit you (till they leave their homes) and migrate to Medina; (but if they seek help from you in the matter of religion) if they seek your help against their enemies in religion (then it is your duty to help (them)) against their enemies (except against a folk between whom and you there is a treaty) in which case you should not help them, but rather try to make peace between them. (Allah is Seer of what ye do) regarding peace and other things.

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وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءُ بَعۡضٍۚ إِلَّا تَفۡعَلُوهُ تَكُن فِتۡنَةٞ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَفَسَادٞ كَبِيرٞ ٧٣

And those who disbelieved are allies of one another. If you do not do so [i.e., ally yourselves with other believers], there will be fitnah [i.e., disbelief and oppression] on earth and great corruption.

(And those who disbelieve are protectors one of another-) in the matter of inheritance (If ye do not so) divide estate between relatives as has been explained to you, (there will be confusion in the land) through idolatry and apostasy, (and great corruption) by means of killings and transgression.

8:74Страница 186

وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاوَواْ وَّنَصَرُوٓاْ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ حَقّٗاۚ لَّهُم مَّغۡفِرَةٞ وَرِزۡقٞ كَرِيمٞ ٧٤

But those who have believed and emigrated and fought in the cause of Allāh and those who gave shelter and aided - it is they who are the believers, truly. For them is forgiveness and noble provision.

(Those who believed) in Muhammad (pbuh) and in the Qur'an (and left their homes) and migrated from Mecca to Medina (and strove for the cause of Allah) in obedience of Allah, (and those who took them in) those who hosted Muhammad (pbuh) and his Companions (and helped them) at Badr (these are the believers in truth) truly and certainly. (For them is pardon) for the sins they committed in the life of this world, (and a bountiful provision) a good reward in Paradise.

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وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مِنۢ بَعۡدُ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ مَعَكُمۡ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مِنكُمۡۚ وَأُوْلُواْ ٱلۡأَرۡحَامِ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلَىٰ بِبَعۡضٖ فِي كِتَٰبِ ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمُۢ ٧٥

And those who believed after [the initial emigration] and emigrated and fought with you - they are of you. But those of [blood] relationship are more entitled [to inheritance] in the decree of Allāh.1 Indeed, Allāh is Knowing of all things.

(And those who afterwards) after the first Emigrants (believed) in Muhammad (pbuh) and in the Qur'an (and left their homes) and migrated from Mecca to Medina (and strove along with you) against the enemy, (they are of you) they are with you in secret and openly; (and those who are akin) those who are related by their lineage, the closer then the one who comes next, etc., (are nearer one to another) in relation to the division of estates (in the ordinance of Allah) in the Guarded Tablet. With this verse, the first verse was abrogated. (Lo! Allah is Knower) He knows the idolaters' breaking of their treaties (of all things) the division of estates, what is good for you as well as other things. And Allah knows best the inner meanings of His Scripture'.

Текст: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel) через spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), в зафиксированной версии. Аяты: Quran Foundation. Источники и лицензии

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Аят аль-Курси36Аль-Кахфстр. 42джуз 15Бухари 1Муслим 2999

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