Ibn Abi ZamaninAl‑A'raf · 7:64–147

Ibn Abi Zamanin · Tafsir · in Arabic

Al-A'raf 7:64–147

7:64Page 158

فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَنجَيۡنَٰهُ وَٱلَّذِينَ مَعَهُۥ فِي ٱلۡفُلۡكِ وَأَغۡرَقۡنَا ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآۚ إِنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ قَوۡمًا عَمِينَ ٦٤

But they denied him, so We saved him and those who were with him in the ship. And We drowned those who denied Our signs. Indeed, they were a blind people.1

﴿إِنَّهُم كَانُوا قوما عمين﴾ عموا عَن الْحق.

7:65Page 158

۞ وَإِلَىٰ عَادٍ أَخَاهُمۡ هُودٗاۚ قَالَ يَٰقَوۡمِ ٱعۡبُدُواْ ٱللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنۡ إِلَٰهٍ غَيۡرُهُۥٓۚ أَفَلَا تَتَّقُونَ ٦٥

And to the ʿAad [We sent] their brother Hūd. He said, "O my people, worship Allāh; you have no deity other than Him. Then will you not fear Him?"

﴿وَإِلَى عَاد﴾ أَيْ: وَأَرْسَلْنَا إِلَى عادٍ ﴿أَخَاهُمْ هُودًا﴾ أَخُوهُمْ فِي النَّسَبِ، وَلَيْسَ بأخيهم فِي الدّين.

7:66Page 158

قَالَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن قَوۡمِهِۦٓ إِنَّا لَنَرَىٰكَ فِي سَفَاهَةٖ وَإِنَّا لَنَظُنُّكَ مِنَ ٱلۡكَٰذِبِينَ ٦٦

Said the eminent ones who disbelieved among his people, "Indeed, we see you in foolishness, and indeed, we think you are of the liars."

﴿قَالَ الْمَلأُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ قومه﴾ يَعْنِي: الرُّؤَسَاءَ (إِنَّا لَنَرَاكَ فِي سفاهةٍ} أَيْ: مِنَ الرَّأْيِ ﴿وَإِنَّا لَنَظُنُّكَ من الْكَاذِبين﴾ كَانَ تكذيبهم إِيَّاه بِالظَّنِّ.

7:67Page 158

قَالَ يَٰقَوۡمِ لَيۡسَ بِي سَفَاهَةٞ وَلَٰكِنِّي رَسُولٞ مِّن رَّبِّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٦٧

[Hūd] said, "O my people, there is not foolishness in me, but I am a messenger from the Lord of the worlds.

No commentary for this ayah

7:68Page 159

أُبَلِّغُكُمۡ رِسَٰلَٰتِ رَبِّي وَأَنَا۠ لَكُمۡ نَاصِحٌ أَمِينٌ ٦٨

I convey to you the messages of my Lord, and I am to you a trustworthy adviser.

﴿وَأَنَا لَكُمْ ناصحٌ﴾ أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى مَا يَنْفَعُكُمْ ﴿أَمِينٌ﴾ عَلَى مَا جِئْتُكُمْ بِهِ مِنْ عِنْد الله.

7:69Page 159

أَوَعَجِبۡتُمۡ أَن جَآءَكُمۡ ذِكۡرٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ عَلَىٰ رَجُلٖ مِّنكُمۡ لِيُنذِرَكُمۡۚ وَٱذۡكُرُوٓاْ إِذۡ جَعَلَكُمۡ خُلَفَآءَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ قَوۡمِ نُوحٖ وَزَادَكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡخَلۡقِ بَصۜۡطَةٗۖ فَٱذۡكُرُوٓاْ ءَالَآءَ ٱللَّهِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ ٦٩

Then do you wonder that there has come to you a reminder from your Lord through a man from among you, that he may warn you? And remember when He made you successors after the people of Noah and increased you in stature extensively. So remember the favors of Allāh that you might succeed."

﴿وَاذْكُرُوا إِذْ جَعَلَكُمْ خُلَفَاءَ مِنْ بعد قوم نوحٍ﴾ يَعْنِي: اسْتَخَلَفَكُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ بَعْدَهُمْ ﴿وزادكم فِي الْخلق بصطة﴾ يَعْنِي: الْأَجْسَامَ وَالْقُوَّةَ الَّتِي أَعْطَاهُمْ.

7:70Page 159

قَالُوٓاْ أَجِئۡتَنَا لِنَعۡبُدَ ٱللَّهَ وَحۡدَهُۥ وَنَذَرَ مَا كَانَ يَعۡبُدُ ءَابَآؤُنَا فَأۡتِنَا بِمَا تَعِدُنَآ إِن كُنتَ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ ٧٠

They said, "Have you come to us that we should worship Allāh alone and leave what our fathers have worshipped? Then bring us what you promise us,1 if you should be of the truthful."

No commentary for this ayah

7:71Page 159

قَالَ قَدۡ وَقَعَ عَلَيۡكُم مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ رِجۡسٞ وَغَضَبٌۖ أَتُجَٰدِلُونَنِي فِيٓ أَسۡمَآءٖ سَمَّيۡتُمُوهَآ أَنتُمۡ وَءَابَآؤُكُم مَّا نَزَّلَ ٱللَّهُ بِهَا مِن سُلۡطَٰنٖۚ فَٱنتَظِرُوٓاْ إِنِّي مَعَكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡمُنتَظِرِينَ ٧١

[Hūd] said, "Already have defilement and anger fallen upon you from your Lord. Do you dispute with me concerning [mere] names you have named them,1 you and your fathers, for which Allāh has not sent down any authority? Then wait; indeed, I am with you among those who wait."

﴿قَالَ قَدْ وَقَعَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ ربكُم رجسٌ﴾ أَيْ: عَذَابٌ.

﴿فَانْتَظِرُوا إِنِّي مَعَكُمْ من المنتظرين﴾ أَيْ: أَنَّ عَذَابَ اللَّهِ نازلٌ بكم.

7:72Page 159

فَأَنجَيۡنَٰهُ وَٱلَّذِينَ مَعَهُۥ بِرَحۡمَةٖ مِّنَّا وَقَطَعۡنَا دَابِرَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَاۖ وَمَا كَانُواْ مُؤۡمِنِينَ ٧٢

So We saved him and those with him by mercy from Us. And We eliminated those who denied Our signs, and they were not [at all] believers.

﴿وقطعنا دابر الَّذين كذبُوا﴾ أَي: أصلهم.

7:73Page 159

وَإِلَىٰ ثَمُودَ أَخَاهُمۡ صَٰلِحٗاۚ قَالَ يَٰقَوۡمِ ٱعۡبُدُواْ ٱللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنۡ إِلَٰهٍ غَيۡرُهُۥۖ قَدۡ جَآءَتۡكُم بَيِّنَةٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡۖ هَٰذِهِۦ نَاقَةُ ٱللَّهِ لَكُمۡ ءَايَةٗۖ فَذَرُوهَا تَأۡكُلۡ فِيٓ أَرۡضِ ٱللَّهِۖ وَلَا تَمَسُّوهَا بِسُوٓءٖ فَيَأۡخُذَكُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ٧٣

And to the Thamūd [We sent] their brother Ṣāliḥ. He said, "O my people, worship Allāh; you have no deity other than Him. There has come to you clear evidence from your Lord. This is the she-camel of Allāh [sent] to you as a sign. So leave her to eat within Allāh's land and do not touch her with harm, lest there seize you a painful punishment.

﴿وَلَا تمسوها بِسوء﴾ أَي: لَا تعقروها.

7:74Page 160

وَٱذۡكُرُوٓاْ إِذۡ جَعَلَكُمۡ خُلَفَآءَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ عَادٖ وَبَوَّأَكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ تَتَّخِذُونَ مِن سُهُولِهَا قُصُورٗا وَتَنۡحِتُونَ ٱلۡجِبَالَ بُيُوتٗاۖ فَٱذۡكُرُوٓاْ ءَالَآءَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا تَعۡثَوۡاْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ مُفۡسِدِينَ ٧٤

And remember when He made you successors after the ʿAad and settled you in the land, [and] you take for yourselves palaces from its plains and carve from the mountains, homes. Then remember the favors of Allāh and do not commit abuse on the earth, spreading corruption."

﴿وبوأكم فِي الأَرْض﴾ أسكنكم.

﴿وَلَا تعثوا﴾ قَدْ مَضَى تَفْسِيرُهُ فِي سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَة.

7:75Page 160

قَالَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ مِن قَوۡمِهِۦ لِلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتُضۡعِفُواْ لِمَنۡ ءَامَنَ مِنۡهُمۡ أَتَعۡلَمُونَ أَنَّ صَٰلِحٗا مُّرۡسَلٞ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦۚ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّا بِمَآ أُرۡسِلَ بِهِۦ مُؤۡمِنُونَ ٧٥

Said the eminent ones who were arrogant among his people to those who were oppressed - to those who believed among them, "Do you [actually] know that Ṣāliḥ is sent from his Lord?" They said, "Indeed we, in that with which he was sent, are believers."

No commentary for this ayah

7:76Page 160

قَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَكۡبَرُوٓاْ إِنَّا بِٱلَّذِيٓ ءَامَنتُم بِهِۦ كَٰفِرُونَ ٧٦

Said those who were arrogant, "Indeed we, in that which you have believed, are disbelievers."

No commentary for this ayah

7:77Page 160

فَعَقَرُواْ ٱلنَّاقَةَ وَعَتَوۡاْ عَنۡ أَمۡرِ رَبِّهِمۡ وَقَالُواْ يَٰصَٰلِحُ ٱئۡتِنَا بِمَا تَعِدُنَآ إِن كُنتَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُرۡسَلِينَ ٧٧

So they hamstrung the she-camel and were insolent toward the command of their Lord and said, "O Ṣāliḥ, bring us what you promise us, if you should be of the messengers."

﴿فَعَقَرُوا النَّاقَةَ وَعَتَوْا عَنْ أَمْرِ رَبهم﴾ يَعْنِي: استكبروا.

7:78Page 160

فَأَخَذَتۡهُمُ ٱلرَّجۡفَةُ فَأَصۡبَحُواْ فِي دَارِهِمۡ جَٰثِمِينَ ٧٨

So the earthquake seized them, and they became within their home [corpses] fallen prone.

﴿فَأَخَذتهم الرجفة﴾ قَالَ الْحَسَنُ: تَحَرَّكَتْ بِهِمُ الْأَرْضُ ﴿فأصحبوا فِي دَارهم جاثمين﴾ أَيْ: قَدْ هَلَكُوا.

قَالَ محمدٌ: الْجُثُومُ أَصْلُهُ فِي كَلَامِ الْعَرَبِ: البروك على الركب.

7:79Page 160

فَتَوَلَّىٰ عَنۡهُمۡ وَقَالَ يَٰقَوۡمِ لَقَدۡ أَبۡلَغۡتُكُمۡ رِسَالَةَ رَبِّي وَنَصَحۡتُ لَكُمۡ وَلَٰكِن لَّا تُحِبُّونَ ٱلنَّٰصِحِينَ ٧٩

And he [i.e., Ṣāliḥ] turned away from them and said, "O my people, I had certainly conveyed to you the message of my Lord and advised you, but you do not like advisors."

No commentary for this ayah

7:80Page 160

وَلُوطًا إِذۡ قَالَ لِقَوۡمِهِۦٓ أَتَأۡتُونَ ٱلۡفَٰحِشَةَ مَا سَبَقَكُم بِهَا مِنۡ أَحَدٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٨٠

And [We had sent] Lot when he said to his people, "Do you commit such immorality as no one has preceded you with from among the worlds [i.e., peoples]?

No commentary for this ayah

7:81Page 160

إِنَّكُمۡ لَتَأۡتُونَ ٱلرِّجَالَ شَهۡوَةٗ مِّن دُونِ ٱلنِّسَآءِۚ بَلۡ أَنتُمۡ قَوۡمٞ مُّسۡرِفُونَ ٨١

Indeed, you approach men with desire, instead of women. Rather, you are a transgressing people."

No commentary for this ayah

7:82Page 161

وَمَا كَانَ جَوَابَ قَوۡمِهِۦٓ إِلَّآ أَن قَالُوٓاْ أَخۡرِجُوهُم مِّن قَرۡيَتِكُمۡۖ إِنَّهُمۡ أُنَاسٞ يَتَطَهَّرُونَ ٨٢

But the answer of his people was only that they said, "Evict them from your city! Indeed, they are men who keep themselves pure."

﴿إِنَّهُم أنَاس يتطهرون﴾ أَيْ: يَتَنَزَّهُونَ عَنْ أَعْمَالِكُمْ، فَلَا يعْملُونَ مَا تَعْمَلُونَ

7:83Page 161

فَأَنجَيۡنَٰهُ وَأَهۡلَهُۥٓ إِلَّا ٱمۡرَأَتَهُۥ كَانَتۡ مِنَ ٱلۡغَٰبِرِينَ ٨٣

So We saved him and his family, except for his wife; she was of those who remained [with the evildoers].

﴿إِلا امْرَأَتَهُ كَانَتْ مِنَ الْغَابِرِينَ﴾ يَعْنِي: مِنَ الْبَاقِينَ فِي عَذَابِ الله.

(ل ١٠٨)

7:84Page 161

وَأَمۡطَرۡنَا عَلَيۡهِم مَّطَرٗاۖ فَٱنظُرۡ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ ٨٤

And We rained upon them a rain [of stones]. Then see how was the end of the criminals.

﴿وأمطرنا عَلَيْهِم مَطَرا﴾ يَعْنِي: الْحِجَارَةَ الَّتِي رُمِيَ بِهَا مَنْ كَانَ خَارِجًا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ فِي حوائجهم وأسفارهم.

7:85Page 161

وَإِلَىٰ مَدۡيَنَ أَخَاهُمۡ شُعَيۡبٗاۚ قَالَ يَٰقَوۡمِ ٱعۡبُدُواْ ٱللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنۡ إِلَٰهٍ غَيۡرُهُۥۖ قَدۡ جَآءَتۡكُم بَيِّنَةٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡۖ فَأَوۡفُواْ ٱلۡكَيۡلَ وَٱلۡمِيزَانَ وَلَا تَبۡخَسُواْ ٱلنَّاسَ أَشۡيَآءَهُمۡ وَلَا تُفۡسِدُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ بَعۡدَ إِصۡلَٰحِهَاۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ٨٥

And to [the people of] Madyan [We sent] their brother Shuʿayb. He said, "O my people, worship Allāh; you have no deity other than Him. There has come to you clear evidence from your Lord. So fulfill the measure and weight and do not deprive people of their due and cause not corruption upon the earth after its reformation. That is better for you, if you should be believers.

﴿وَلا تُفْسِدُوا فِي الأَرْضِ بَعْدَ إصلاحها﴾ يَعْنِي: بَعْدَمَا بعث إِلَيْكُم النَّبِي

7:86Page 161

وَلَا تَقۡعُدُواْ بِكُلِّ صِرَٰطٖ تُوعِدُونَ وَتَصُدُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ مَنۡ ءَامَنَ بِهِۦ وَتَبۡغُونَهَا عِوَجٗاۚ وَٱذۡكُرُوٓاْ إِذۡ كُنتُمۡ قَلِيلٗا فَكَثَّرَكُمۡۖ وَٱنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلۡمُفۡسِدِينَ ٨٦

And do not sit on every path, threatening and averting from the way of Allāh those who believe in Him, seeking to make it [seem] deviant. And remember when you were few and He increased you. And see how was the end of the corrupters.

﴿وَلَا تقعدوا بِكُل صِرَاط﴾ طريقٍ. ﴿توعدون﴾ تُخَوِّفُونَ بِالْقَتْلِ ﴿وَانْظُرُوا كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَة المفسدين﴾ يَعْنِي: مِنْ أُهْلِكَ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ السالفة حِين كذبُوا رسلهم.

7:87Page 161

وَإِن كَانَ طَآئِفَةٞ مِّنكُمۡ ءَامَنُواْ بِٱلَّذِيٓ أُرۡسِلۡتُ بِهِۦ وَطَآئِفَةٞ لَّمۡ يُؤۡمِنُواْ فَٱصۡبِرُواْ حَتَّىٰ يَحۡكُمَ ٱللَّهُ بَيۡنَنَاۚ وَهُوَ خَيۡرُ ٱلۡحَٰكِمِينَ ٨٧

And if there should be a group among you who has believed in that with which I have been sent and a group that has not believed, then be patient until Allāh judges between us. And He is the best of judges."

No commentary for this ayah

7:88Page 162

۞ قَالَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ مِن قَوۡمِهِۦ لَنُخۡرِجَنَّكَ يَٰشُعَيۡبُ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَعَكَ مِن قَرۡيَتِنَآ أَوۡ لَتَعُودُنَّ فِي مِلَّتِنَاۚ قَالَ أَوَلَوۡ كُنَّا كَٰرِهِينَ ٨٨

Said the eminent ones who were arrogant among his people, "We will surely evict you, O Shuʿayb, and those who have believed with you from our city, or you must return to our religion." He said, "Even if we were unwilling?

No commentary for this ayah

7:89Page 162

قَدِ ٱفۡتَرَيۡنَا عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبًا إِنۡ عُدۡنَا فِي مِلَّتِكُم بَعۡدَ إِذۡ نَجَّىٰنَا ٱللَّهُ مِنۡهَاۚ وَمَا يَكُونُ لَنَآ أَن نَّعُودَ فِيهَآ إِلَّآ أَن يَشَآءَ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّنَاۚ وَسِعَ رَبُّنَا كُلَّ شَيۡءٍ عِلۡمًاۚ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ تَوَكَّلۡنَاۚ رَبَّنَا ٱفۡتَحۡ بَيۡنَنَا وَبَيۡنَ قَوۡمِنَا بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَأَنتَ خَيۡرُ ٱلۡفَٰتِحِينَ ٨٩

We would have invented against Allāh a lie if we returned to your religion after Allāh had saved us from it. And it is not for us to return to it except that Allāh, our Lord, should will. Our Lord has encompassed all things in knowledge. Upon Allāh we have relied. Our Lord, decide between us and our people in truth, and You are the best of those who give decision."

﴿وسع رَبنَا﴾ أَيْ: مَلَأَ رَبُّنَا ﴿كُلَّ شيءٍ علما﴾.

﴿رَبَّنَا افْتَحْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ قَوْمِنَا﴾ أَيْ: احْكُمْ.

قَالَ قَتَادَةُ:

وَإِذَا دَعَا النَّبِيُّ رَبَّهُ أَنْ يَحْكُمَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ قَوْمِهِ، جَاءَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ.

7:90Page 162

وَقَالَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن قَوۡمِهِۦ لَئِنِ ٱتَّبَعۡتُمۡ شُعَيۡبًا إِنَّكُمۡ إِذٗا لَّخَٰسِرُونَ ٩٠

Said the eminent ones who disbelieved among his people, "If you should follow Shuʿayb, indeed, you would then be losers."

No commentary for this ayah

7:91Page 162

فَأَخَذَتۡهُمُ ٱلرَّجۡفَةُ فَأَصۡبَحُواْ فِي دَارِهِمۡ جَٰثِمِينَ ٩١

So the earthquake seized them, and they became within their home [corpses] fallen prone.

No commentary for this ayah

7:92Page 162

ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ شُعَيۡبٗا كَأَن لَّمۡ يَغۡنَوۡاْ فِيهَاۚ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ شُعَيۡبٗا كَانُواْ هُمُ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ ٩٢

Those who denied Shuʿayb - it was as though they had never resided there. Those who denied Shuʿayb - it was they who were the losers.

﴿كَأَنْ لَمْ يغنوا فِيهَا﴾ يَعْنِي: يقيموا.

7:93Page 162

فَتَوَلَّىٰ عَنۡهُمۡ وَقَالَ يَٰقَوۡمِ لَقَدۡ أَبۡلَغۡتُكُمۡ رِسَٰلَٰتِ رَبِّي وَنَصَحۡتُ لَكُمۡۖ فَكَيۡفَ ءَاسَىٰ عَلَىٰ قَوۡمٖ كَٰفِرِينَ ٩٣

And he [i.e., Shuʿayb] turned away from them and said, "O my people, I had certainly conveyed to you the messages of my Lord and advised you, so how could I grieve for a disbelieving people?"

﴿فَكيف آسى﴾ أَحْزَنُ؛ أَيْ: لَا أَحْزَنُ عَلَيْهِمْ.

7:94Page 162

وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا فِي قَرۡيَةٖ مِّن نَّبِيٍّ إِلَّآ أَخَذۡنَآ أَهۡلَهَا بِٱلۡبَأۡسَآءِ وَٱلضَّرَّآءِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَضَّرَّعُونَ ٩٤

And We sent to no city a prophet [who was denied] except that We seized its people with poverty and hardship that they might humble themselves [to Allāh].

﴿أَخذنَا أَهلهَا بالبأساء﴾ يَعْنِي: الْجُوع والقحط ﴿وَالضَّرَّاء﴾ يَعْنِي: الْأَمْرَاض والشدائد

7:95Page 162

ثُمَّ بَدَّلۡنَا مَكَانَ ٱلسَّيِّئَةِ ٱلۡحَسَنَةَ حَتَّىٰ عَفَواْ وَّقَالُواْ قَدۡ مَسَّ ءَابَآءَنَا ٱلضَّرَّآءُ وَٱلسَّرَّآءُ فَأَخَذۡنَٰهُم بَغۡتَةٗ وَهُمۡ لَا يَشۡعُرُونَ ٩٥

Then We exchanged in place of the bad [condition], good, until they increased [and prospered] and said, "Our fathers [also] were touched with hardship and ease."1 So We seized them suddenly while they did not perceive.2

﴿ثمَّ بدلنا مَكَان السَّيئَة﴾ أَيْ: مَكَانَ الْبَأْسَاءِ وَالضَّرَّاءِ ﴿الْحَسَنَةَ﴾ يَعْنِي: الرَّخَاءَ وَالْعَافِيَةَ. ﴿حَتَّى عَفَوْا﴾ أَيْ: كَثُرُوا ﴿وَقَالُوا قَدْ مَسَّ آبَاءَنَا الضراء والسراء﴾ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْءٌ؛ يَعْنُونَ: مَا كَانَ يَعِدُ النَّبِيُّ بِهِ قَوْمَهُ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ إِنْ لَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا.

7:96Page 163

وَلَوۡ أَنَّ أَهۡلَ ٱلۡقُرَىٰٓ ءَامَنُواْ وَٱتَّقَوۡاْ لَفَتَحۡنَا عَلَيۡهِم بَرَكَٰتٖ مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَلَٰكِن كَذَّبُواْ فَأَخَذۡنَٰهُم بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡسِبُونَ ٩٦

And if only the people of the cities had believed and feared Allāh, We would have opened [i.e., bestowed] upon them blessings from the heaven and the earth; but they denied [the messengers], so We seized them for what they were earning.1

﴿لَفَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ بَرَكَاتٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْض﴾ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: يَقُولُ: لَأَعْطَتْهُمُ السَّمَاءُ قطرها، وَالْأَرْض نباتها.

7:97Page 163

أَفَأَمِنَ أَهۡلُ ٱلۡقُرَىٰٓ أَن يَأۡتِيَهُم بَأۡسُنَا بَيَٰتٗا وَهُمۡ نَآئِمُونَ ٩٧

Then, did the people of the cities feel secure from Our punishment coming to them at night while they were asleep?

﴿أَفَأَمِنَ أَهْلُ الْقُرَى أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمْ بأسنا﴾ عذابنا ﴿بياتا﴾ يَعْنِي: لَيْلًا.

7:98Page 163

أَوَأَمِنَ أَهۡلُ ٱلۡقُرَىٰٓ أَن يَأۡتِيَهُم بَأۡسُنَا ضُحٗى وَهُمۡ يَلۡعَبُونَ ٩٨

Or did the people of the cities feel secure from Our punishment coming to them in the morning while they were at play?1

وَقَوله: ﴿ضحى﴾ يَعْنِي: نَهَارا ﴿وهم يَلْعَبُونَ﴾.

قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: يُقَالُ لِكُلِّ مَنْ كَانَ فِي عملٍ لَا يُجْدِي وَفِي ضَلَالٍ: إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ لاعبٌ؛ أَيْ: فِي غَيْرِ مَا يُجْدِي عَلَيْك.

7:99Page 163

أَفَأَمِنُواْ مَكۡرَ ٱللَّهِۚ فَلَا يَأۡمَنُ مَكۡرَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَّا ٱلۡقَوۡمُ ٱلۡخَٰسِرُونَ ٩٩

Then, did they feel secure from the plan of Allāh? But no one feels secure from the plan of Allāh except the losing people.

﴿أفأمنوا مكر الله﴾ يَعْنِي: عَذَابه.

7:100Page 163

أَوَلَمۡ يَهۡدِ لِلَّذِينَ يَرِثُونَ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ أَهۡلِهَآ أَن لَّوۡ نَشَآءُ أَصَبۡنَٰهُم بِذُنُوبِهِمۡۚ وَنَطۡبَعُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمۡ فَهُمۡ لَا يَسۡمَعُونَ ١٠٠

Has it not become clear to those who inherited the earth after its [previous] people that if We willed, We could afflict them for their sins? But We seal over their hearts so they do not hear.1

﴿أَو لم نَهْدِ﴾ أَيْ: نُبَيِّنْ، وَتُقْرَأُ ﴿يَهْدِ﴾ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ.

﴿لِلَّذِينَ يَرِثُونَ الأَرْضَ من بعد أَهلهَا﴾ يَعْنِي: الَّذِينَ أُهْلِكُوا مِنَ الْأُمَمِ السالفة.

7:101Page 163

تِلۡكَ ٱلۡقُرَىٰ نَقُصُّ عَلَيۡكَ مِنۡ أَنۢبَآئِهَاۚ وَلَقَدۡ جَآءَتۡهُمۡ رُسُلُهُم بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ فَمَا كَانُواْ لِيُؤۡمِنُواْ بِمَا كَذَّبُواْ مِن قَبۡلُۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يَطۡبَعُ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ١٠١

Those cities - We relate to you, [O Muḥammad], some of their news. And certainly did their messengers come to them with clear proofs, but they were not to believe in that which they had denied before.1 Thus does Allāh seal over the hearts of the disbelievers.

No commentary for this ayah

7:102Page 163

وَمَا وَجَدۡنَا لِأَكۡثَرِهِم مِّنۡ عَهۡدٖۖ وَإِن وَجَدۡنَآ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَفَٰسِقِينَ ١٠٢

And We did not find for most of them any covenant;1 but indeed, We found most of them defiantly disobedient.

﴿وَمَا وَجَدْنَا لأَكْثَرِهِمْ مِنْ عَهْدٍ﴾ يَعْنِي: الْمِيثَاقَ الَّذِي أُخِذَ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي صلب آدم.

7:103Page 163

ثُمَّ بَعَثۡنَا مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِم مُّوسَىٰ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآ إِلَىٰ فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَمَلَإِيْهِۦ فَظَلَمُواْ بِهَاۖ فَٱنظُرۡ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلۡمُفۡسِدِينَ ١٠٣

Then We sent after them Moses with Our signs to Pharaoh and his establishment, but they were unjust toward them.1 So see how was the end of the corrupters.

﴿فظلموا بهَا﴾ أَيْ: جَحَدُوا أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنْ عِنْد الله.

7:104Page 163

وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ يَٰفِرۡعَوۡنُ إِنِّي رَسُولٞ مِّن رَّبِّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٠٤

And Moses said, "O Pharaoh, I am a messenger from the Lord of the worlds

No commentary for this ayah

7:105Page 164

حَقِيقٌ عَلَىٰٓ أَن لَّآ أَقُولَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ إِلَّا ٱلۡحَقَّۚ قَدۡ جِئۡتُكُم بِبَيِّنَةٖ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ فَأَرۡسِلۡ مَعِيَ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ١٠٥

[Who is] obligated not to say about Allāh except the truth. I have come to you with clear evidence from your Lord, so send with me the Children of Israel."1

﴿فَأرْسل معي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ﴾ وَكَانَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي أَيْديهم بِمَنْزِلَة أهل الْجِزْيَة فِينَا.

7:106Page 164

قَالَ إِن كُنتَ جِئۡتَ بِـَٔايَةٖ فَأۡتِ بِهَآ إِن كُنتَ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ ١٠٦

[Pharaoh] said, "If you have come with a sign, then bring it forth, if you should be of the truthful."

No commentary for this ayah

7:107Page 164

فَأَلۡقَىٰ عَصَاهُ فَإِذَا هِيَ ثُعۡبَانٞ مُّبِينٞ ١٠٧

So he [i.e., Moses] threw his staff, and suddenly it was a serpent, manifest.1

No commentary for this ayah

7:108Page 164

وَنَزَعَ يَدَهُۥ فَإِذَا هِيَ بَيۡضَآءُ لِلنَّٰظِرِينَ ١٠٨

And he drew out his hand; thereupon it was white [with radiance] for the observers.

﴿وَنزع يَده﴾ أَيْ: أَخْرَجَهَا مِنْ جَيْبِ قَمِيصِهِ.

قَالَ الْكَلْبِيُّ:

بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ مُوسَى قَالَ: يَا فِرْعَوْنُ، مَا هَذِهِ بيَدي؟ قَالَ: هِيَ عصى؛ فَأَلْقَاهَا مُوسَى، فَإِذَا هِيَ ثعبانٌ مبينٌ قَدْ مَلَأَتِ الدَّارَ مِنْ عِظَمِهَا، ثُمَّ أَهْوَتْ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ لِتَبْتَلِعَهُ، فَنَادَى: يَا مُوسَى، يَا مُوسَى، فَأَخَذَ مُوسَى بِذَنَبِهَا؛ فَإِذَا هِيَ عَصًى بِيَدِهِ؛ فَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ: يَا مُوسَى، هَلْ مِنْ آيةٍ غَيْرِ هَذِهِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: مَا هِيَ؟ قَالَ: فَأَخْرَجَ مُوسَى يَدَهُ فَقَالَ: مَا هَذِهِ يَا فِرْعَوْنُ؟ قَالَ: هَذِهِ يَدُكَ، فَأَدْخَلَهَا مُوسَى فِي جَيْبِهِ، ثُمَّ أَخْرَجَهَا فَإِذَا هِيَ بيضاءٌ لِلنَّاظِرِينَ، أَيْ: تغشى الْبَصَر من بياضها

7:109Page 164

قَالَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ مِن قَوۡمِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَسَٰحِرٌ عَلِيمٞ ١٠٩

Said the eminent among the people of Pharaoh, "Indeed, this is a learned magician

No commentary for this ayah

7:110Page 164

يُرِيدُ أَن يُخۡرِجَكُم مِّنۡ أَرۡضِكُمۡۖ فَمَاذَا تَأۡمُرُونَ ١١٠

Who wants to expel you from your land [through magic], so what do you instruct?"

No commentary for this ayah

7:111Page 164

قَالُوٓاْ أَرۡجِهۡ وَأَخَاهُ وَأَرۡسِلۡ فِي ٱلۡمَدَآئِنِ حَٰشِرِينَ ١١١

They said,1 "Postpone [the matter of] him and his brother and send among the cities gatherers

﴿قَالُوا أرجه وأخاه﴾ أَيْ: أَخِّرْهُ وَأَخَاهُ ﴿وَأَرْسِلْ فِي الْمَدَائِن حاشرين﴾ يَحْشُرُونَ السَّحَرَةَ؛ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ سَاحِرٌ، وَلَيْسَ سِحْرُهُ بِالَّذِي يَغْلِبُ سَحَرَتَكَ. .

7:112Page 164

يَأۡتُوكَ بِكُلِّ سَٰحِرٍ عَلِيمٖ ١١٢

Who will bring you every learned magician."

No commentary for this ayah

7:113Page 164

وَجَآءَ ٱلسَّحَرَةُ فِرۡعَوۡنَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّ لَنَا لَأَجۡرًا إِن كُنَّا نَحۡنُ ٱلۡغَٰلِبِينَ ١١٣

And the magicians came to Pharaoh. They said, "Indeed for us is a reward if we are the predominant."

﴿قَالُوا إِنَّ لنا لأجرا﴾ يعنون: الْعَطِيَّة.

7:114Page 164

قَالَ نَعَمۡ وَإِنَّكُمۡ لَمِنَ ٱلۡمُقَرَّبِينَ ١١٤

He said, "Yes, and, [moreover], you will be among those made near [to me]."

﴿قَالَ نَعَمْ وَإِنَّكُمْ لَمِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ﴾ يَعْنِي: فِي الْمنزلَة.

﴿واسترهبوهم﴾ أَي: أخافوهم.

7:115Page 164

قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِمَّآ أَن تُلۡقِيَ وَإِمَّآ أَن نَّكُونَ نَحۡنُ ٱلۡمُلۡقِينَ ١١٥

They said, "O Moses, either you throw [your staff], or we will be the ones to throw [first]."

No commentary for this ayah

7:116Page 164

قَالَ أَلۡقُواْۖ فَلَمَّآ أَلۡقَوۡاْ سَحَرُوٓاْ أَعۡيُنَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَٱسۡتَرۡهَبُوهُمۡ وَجَآءُو بِسِحۡرٍ عَظِيمٖ ١١٦

He said, "Throw," and when they threw, they bewitched the eyes of the people and struck terror into them, and they presented a great [feat of] magic.1

﴿وَجَاءُوا بسحرٍ عَظِيم﴾ فَخُيِّلَ إِلَى مُوسَى أَنَّ حِبَالَهُمْ وَعِصِيَّهِمْ حياتٌ، فَأَلْقَى مُوسَى عَصَاهُ؛ فَإِذَا هِيَ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ حَيَّاتِهِمْ، ثُمَّ رَقَوْا فَازْدَادَتْ حِبَالُهُمْ وَعِصِيُّهُمْ عِظَمًا فِي أَعْيُنِ النَّاسِ، وَجُعِلَتْ عَصَا مُوسَى تَعْظُمُ وَهُمْ يَرْقُونَ حَتَّى أَنْفَدُوا سِحْرَهُمْ، فَلَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ، وَعَظُمَتْ عَصَا مُوسَى حَتَّى سَدَّتِ الْأُفُقَ، ثُمَّ فَتَحَتْ فَاهَا، فَابْتَلَعَتْ مَا أَلْقَوْا، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ مُوسَى عَصَاهُ بِيَدِهِ، فَإِذَا حِبَالُهُمْ وَعِصِيُّهُمْ قَدْ ذَهَبَتْ؛ وَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ: ﴿فَأَلْقَى مُوسَى عَصَاهُ فَإِذَا هِيَ تلقف مَا يأفكون﴾ أَي: مَا يكذبُون.

7:117Page 164

۞ وَأَوۡحَيۡنَآ إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰٓ أَنۡ أَلۡقِ عَصَاكَۖ فَإِذَا هِيَ تَلۡقَفُ مَا يَأۡفِكُونَ ١١٧

And We inspired to Moses, "Throw your staff," and at once it devoured what they were falsifying.

No commentary for this ayah

7:118Page 164

فَوَقَعَ ٱلۡحَقُّ وَبَطَلَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ١١٨

So the truth was established, and abolished was what they were doing.

﴿فَوَقع الْحق﴾ فَظَهَرَ.

قَالَ الْكَلْبِيُّ:

وَقَالَ السَّحَرَةُ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ: لَوْ كَانَ هَذَا سحرًا لبقيت حبالنا وعصينا.

7:119Page 164

فَغُلِبُواْ هُنَالِكَ وَٱنقَلَبُواْ صَٰغِرِينَ ١١٩

And they [i.e., Pharaoh and his people] were overcome right there and became debased.

No commentary for this ayah

7:120Page 164

وَأُلۡقِيَ ٱلسَّحَرَةُ سَٰجِدِينَ ١٢٠

And the magicians fell down in prostration [to Allāh].

﴿فألقي السَّحَرَة ساجدين﴾ أَيْ: خَرُّوا؛ فَبُهِتَ فِرْعَوْنُ، وَخَلَّى سَبِيلَ مُوسَى وَلَمْ يَعْرِضْ لَهُ.

7:121Page 165

قَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا بِرَبِّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٢١

They said, "We have believed in the Lord of the worlds,

No commentary for this ayah

7:122Page 165

رَبِّ مُوسَىٰ وَهَٰرُونَ ١٢٢

The Lord of Moses and Aaron."

No commentary for this ayah

7:123Page 165

قَالَ فِرۡعَوۡنُ ءَامَنتُم بِهِۦ قَبۡلَ أَنۡ ءَاذَنَ لَكُمۡۖ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَمَكۡرٞ مَّكَرۡتُمُوهُ فِي ٱلۡمَدِينَةِ لِتُخۡرِجُواْ مِنۡهَآ أَهۡلَهَاۖ فَسَوۡفَ تَعۡلَمُونَ ١٢٣

Said Pharaoh, "You believed in him1 before I gave you permission. Indeed, this is a conspiracy which you conspired in the city to expel therefrom its people. But you are going to know.

﴿إِنَّ هَذَا لَمَكْرٌ مَكَرْتُمُوهُ فِي الْمَدِينَة﴾ (ل ١٠٩) قُلْتُمْ: يَا مُوسَى، اذْهَبْ فَاصْنَعْ شَيْئًا؛ فَإِذَا صَنَعْتَ ذَلِكَ دَعَانَا فِرْعَوْنُ فَصَدَّقْنَا مَقَالَتَكَ.

﴿لِتُخْرِجُوا مِنْهَا أَهلهَا﴾ أَيْ: لِتُخْرِجُونِي وَقَوْمِي بِسِحْرِكُمْ وَسِحْرِ مُوسَى.

7:124Page 165

لَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيۡدِيَكُمۡ وَأَرۡجُلَكُم مِّنۡ خِلَٰفٖ ثُمَّ لَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ١٢٤

I will surely cut off your hands and your feet on opposite sides; then I will surely crucify you all."

﴿لأقطعن أَيْدِيكُم من خلافٍ﴾ الْيَد الْيُمْنَى، وَالرجل الْيُسْرَى.

7:125Page 165

قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّآ إِلَىٰ رَبِّنَا مُنقَلِبُونَ ١٢٥

They said, "Indeed, to our Lord we will return.

No commentary for this ayah

7:126Page 165

وَمَا تَنقِمُ مِنَّآ إِلَّآ أَنۡ ءَامَنَّا بِـَٔايَٰتِ رَبِّنَا لَمَّا جَآءَتۡنَاۚ رَبَّنَآ أَفۡرِغۡ عَلَيۡنَا صَبۡرٗا وَتَوَفَّنَا مُسۡلِمِينَ ١٢٦

And you do not resent us except because we believed in the signs of our Lord when they came to us. Our Lord, pour upon us patience1 and let us die as Muslims [in submission to You]."

No commentary for this ayah

7:127Page 165

وَقَالَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ مِن قَوۡمِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ أَتَذَرُ مُوسَىٰ وَقَوۡمَهُۥ لِيُفۡسِدُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَيَذَرَكَ وَءَالِهَتَكَۚ قَالَ سَنُقَتِّلُ أَبۡنَآءَهُمۡ وَنَسۡتَحۡيِۦ نِسَآءَهُمۡ وَإِنَّا فَوۡقَهُمۡ قَٰهِرُونَ ١٢٧

And the eminent among the people of Pharaoh said, "Will you leave Moses and his people to cause corruption in the land and abandon you and your gods?" [Pharaoh] said, "We will kill their sons and keep their women alive; and indeed, we are subjugators over them."

﴿ويذرك وآلهتك﴾ قَالَ الْحَسَنُ: كَانَ فِرْعَوْنُ يَعْبُدُ الْأَوْثَان.

7:128Page 165

قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوۡمِهِ ٱسۡتَعِينُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱصۡبِرُوٓاْۖ إِنَّ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُهَا مَن يَشَآءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِهِۦۖ وَٱلۡعَٰقِبَةُ لِلۡمُتَّقِينَ ١٢٨

Said Moses to his people, "Seek help through Allāh and be patient. Indeed, the earth belongs to Allāh. He causes to inherit it whom He wills of His servants. And the [best] outcome is for the righteous."

﴿إِنَّ الأَرْضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُهَا مَنْ يَشَاء من عباده﴾ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ قَدْ أَعْلَمَ مُوسَى أَنَّهُ مهلكٌ فِرْعَوْنَ وَقَوْمَهُ، وَأَنَّهُ سَيُورِثُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْأَرْضَ بَعْدَهُمْ ﴿وَالْعَاقبَة لِلْمُتقين﴾ يُرِيد: الْجنَّة.

7:129Page 165

قَالُوٓاْ أُوذِينَا مِن قَبۡلِ أَن تَأۡتِيَنَا وَمِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا جِئۡتَنَاۚ قَالَ عَسَىٰ رَبُّكُمۡ أَن يُهۡلِكَ عَدُوَّكُمۡ وَيَسۡتَخۡلِفَكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَيَنظُرَ كَيۡفَ تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٢٩

They said, "We have been harmed before you came to us and after you have come to us." He said, "Perhaps your Lord will destroy your enemy and grant you succession in the land and see how you will do."

﴿قَالُوا أُوذِينَا مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَأْتِيَنَا وَمِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جِئْتَنَا﴾ يَقُولُهُ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ لِمُوسَى؛ يَعْنُونُ: مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ بِهِمْ فِرْعَوْنُ وَقَومه.

7:130Page 165

وَلَقَدۡ أَخَذۡنَآ ءَالَ فِرۡعَوۡنَ بِٱلسِّنِينَ وَنَقۡصٖ مِّنَ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَذَّكَّرُونَ ١٣٠

And We certainly seized1 the people of Pharaoh with years of famine and a deficiency in fruits that perhaps they would be reminded.

﴿وَلَقَدْ أَخَذْنَا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ بِالسِّنِينَ وَنقص من الثمرات﴾ فَأَجْدَبَتْ أَرْضُهُمْ، وَهَلَكَتْ مَوَاشِيهِمْ، وَنَقَصَتْ ثِمَارُهُمْ؛ فَقَالُوا: هَذَا مِمَّا سَحَرَنَا بِهِ هَذَا الرجل.

7:131Page 166

فَإِذَا جَآءَتۡهُمُ ٱلۡحَسَنَةُ قَالُواْ لَنَا هَٰذِهِۦۖ وَإِن تُصِبۡهُمۡ سَيِّئَةٞ يَطَّيَّرُواْ بِمُوسَىٰ وَمَن مَّعَهُۥٓۗ أَلَآ إِنَّمَا طَٰٓئِرُهُمۡ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ١٣١

But when good [i.e., provision] came to them, they said, "This is ours [by right]." And if a bad [condition] struck them, they saw an evil omen in Moses and those with him. Unquestionably, their fortune is with Allāh, but most of them do not know.

﴿فَإِذا جَاءَتْهُم الْحَسَنَة﴾ الْعَافِيَةُ وَالرَّخَاءُ ﴿(قَالُوا لَنَا هَذِهِ﴾ أَيْ: لَنَا جَاءَتْ، وَنَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بهَا ﴿وَإِن تصبهم سَيِّئَة﴾ أَيْ: شِدَّةٌ ﴿يَطَّيَّرُوا بِمُوسَى وَمَنْ مَعَه﴾ قَالُوا: إِنَّمَا أَصَابَنَا هَذَا مِنْ شُؤْمِ مُوسَى وَمَنْ مَعَهُ، قَالَ اللَّهُ: ﴿أَلا إِنَّمَا طَائِرُهُمْ عِنْدَ الله﴾ يَعْنِي: عَمَلَهُمْ هُوَ محفوظٌ عَلَيْهِمْ؛ حَتَّى يُجَازِيَهُمْ بِهِ.

قَالَ محمدٌ: الْمَعْنَى: أَلَا إِنَّمَا الشُّؤْمُ الَّذِي يَلْحَقُهُمْ هُوَ الَّذِي وُعِدُوا بِهِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ، لَا مَا يَنَالُهُمْ بِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا؛ وَهُوَ مَعْنَى قَول يحيى.

7:132Page 166

وَقَالُواْ مَهۡمَا تَأۡتِنَا بِهِۦ مِنۡ ءَايَةٖ لِّتَسۡحَرَنَا بِهَا فَمَا نَحۡنُ لَكَ بِمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٣٢

And they said, "No matter what sign you bring us with which to bewitch us, we will not be believers in you."

﴿وَقَالُوا مهما تأتنا بِهِ﴾ أَيْ: مَا تَأْتِنَا بِهِ: مَهْمَا و (مَا) بِمَعْنى واحدٍ.

7:133Page 166

فَأَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلطُّوفَانَ وَٱلۡجَرَادَ وَٱلۡقُمَّلَ وَٱلضَّفَادِعَ وَٱلدَّمَ ءَايَٰتٖ مُّفَصَّلَٰتٖ فَٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ وَكَانُواْ قَوۡمٗا مُّجۡرِمِينَ ١٣٣

So We sent upon them the flood and locusts and lice and frogs and blood as distinct signs, but they were arrogant and were a criminal people.

﴿فَأَرْسَلنَا عَلَيْهِم الطوفان﴾ الْآيَةَ.

تَفْسِيرُ قَتَادَةَ: الطُّوفَانُ: الْمَاءُ أَرْسَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ؛ حَتَّى قَامُوا فِيهِ قِيَامًا، فَدَعَوْا مُوسَى، فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ فَكَشَفَ عَنْهُمْ، ثُمَّ عَادُوا لِشَرِّ مَا بِحَضْرَتِهِمْ، فَأَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْجَرَادَ، فَأَكَلَ عَامَّةَ حُرُوثِهِمْ وَثِمَارِهِمْ، فَدَعَوْا مُوسَى فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ، فَكَشَفَ عَنْهُمْ ثُمَّ عَادُوا لِشَرِّ مَا بِحَضْرَتِهِمْ، فَأَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقُمَّلَ وَهُوَ الدُّبَيُّ؛ فَأَكَلَ مَا أَبْقَى الْجَرَادُ مِنْ حُرُوثِهِمْ وَلَحَسَتْهُ، فَدَعَوْا مُوسَى فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ، فَكَشَفَ عَنْهُمْ، ثُمَّ عَادُوا لِشَرِّ مَا بِحَضْرَتِهِمْ؛ فَأَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الضَّفَادِعَ؛ حَتَّى مَلَأَ بِهَا فَرْشَهُمْ وَأَفْنِيَتَهُمْ فَدَعَوْا مُوسَى؛ فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ فَكَشَفَ عَنْهُمْ، ثُمَّ عَادُوا لِشَرِّ مَا بِحَضْرَتِهِمْ؛ فَأَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الدَّمَ فَجَعَلُوا لَا يَغْتَرِفُونَ مِنْ مَائِهِمْ إِلَّا دَمًا أَحْمَرَ؛ حَتَّى لَقَدْ ذُكِرَ لَنَا أَنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ جَمَعَ رَجُلَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا إِسْرَائِيلِيٌّ وَالْآخَرُ قِبْطِيٌّ عَلَى إناءٍ وَاحِدٍ؛ فَكَانَ الَّذِي يَلِي الْإِسْرَائِيلِيَّ مَاءً، وَالَّذِي يَلِي الْقِبْطِيَّ دَمًا، فَدَعَوْا مُوسَى؛ فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ فَكَشَفَ عَنْهُمْ.

﴿آيَاتٍ مُفَصَّلاتٍ﴾ كَانَ الْعَذَاب يَأْتِيهم، فيكونون ثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ بِلَيَالِيهِنَّ بَيْنَ كُلِّ عذابين شهرٌ.

7:134Page 166

وَلَمَّا وَقَعَ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلرِّجۡزُ قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَى ٱدۡعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ بِمَا عَهِدَ عِندَكَۖ لَئِن كَشَفۡتَ عَنَّا ٱلرِّجۡزَ لَنُؤۡمِنَنَّ لَكَ وَلَنُرۡسِلَنَّ مَعَكَ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ١٣٤

And when the punishment descended upon them, they said, "O Moses, invoke for us your Lord by what He has promised you. If you [can] remove the punishment from us, we will surely believe you, and we will send with you the Children of Israel."

﴿وَلما وَقع عَلَيْهِم الرجز﴾ يَعْنِي: الْعَذَاب.

7:135Page 166

فَلَمَّا كَشَفۡنَا عَنۡهُمُ ٱلرِّجۡزَ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ هُم بَٰلِغُوهُ إِذَا هُمۡ يَنكُثُونَ ١٣٥

But when We removed the punishment from them until a term which they were to reach,1 then at once they broke their word.

﴿إِلَى أجل هم بالغوه﴾ إِلَى يَوْمِ غَرَّقَهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي الْيَمِّ ﴿إِذَا هُمْ يَنْكُثُونَ﴾.

7:136Page 166

فَٱنتَقَمۡنَا مِنۡهُمۡ فَأَغۡرَقۡنَٰهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡيَمِّ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَكَانُواْ عَنۡهَا غَٰفِلِينَ ١٣٦

So We took retribution from them, and We drowned them in the sea because they denied Our signs and were heedless of them.

No commentary for this ayah

7:137Page 166

وَأَوۡرَثۡنَا ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَانُواْ يُسۡتَضۡعَفُونَ مَشَٰرِقَ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَغَٰرِبَهَا ٱلَّتِي بَٰرَكۡنَا فِيهَاۖ وَتَمَّتۡ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ عَلَىٰ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ بِمَا صَبَرُواْۖ وَدَمَّرۡنَا مَا كَانَ يَصۡنَعُ فِرۡعَوۡنُ وَقَوۡمُهُۥ وَمَا كَانُواْ يَعۡرِشُونَ ١٣٧

And We caused the people who had been oppressed to inherit the eastern regions of the land and the western ones, which We had blessed. And the good word [i.e., decree] of your Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel because of what they had patiently endured. And We destroyed [all] that Pharaoh and his people were producing and what they had been building.

﴿وَأَوْرَثْنَا الْقَوْمَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يُسْتَضْعَفُونَ﴾ يَعْنِي: أَبْنَاءَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ ﴿مَشَارِقَ الأَرْضِ وَمَغَارِبَهَا الَّتِي بَارَكْنَا فِيهَا﴾ وَهِيَ أَرْضُ الشَّامِ؛ فِي تَفْسِيرِ الْحسن.

﴿وتمت كلمة رَبك الْحسنى﴾ يَعْنِي: ظُهُورُ قَوْمِ مُوسَى عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ؛ فِي تَفْسِيرِ مُجَاهِدٍ ﴿وَدَمَّرْنَا مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ فِرْعَوْنُ وَقَوْمُهُ وَمَا كَانُوا يعرشون﴾ يبنون.

7:138Page 167

وَجَٰوَزۡنَا بِبَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ٱلۡبَحۡرَ فَأَتَوۡاْ عَلَىٰ قَوۡمٖ يَعۡكُفُونَ عَلَىٰٓ أَصۡنَامٖ لَّهُمۡۚ قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَى ٱجۡعَل لَّنَآ إِلَٰهٗا كَمَا لَهُمۡ ءَالِهَةٞۚ قَالَ إِنَّكُمۡ قَوۡمٞ تَجۡهَلُونَ ١٣٨

And We took the Children of Israel across the sea; then they came upon a people intent in devotion to [some] idols of theirs. They [the Children of Israel] said, "O Moses, make for us a god just as they have gods." He said, "Indeed, you are a people behaving ignorantly.

No commentary for this ayah

7:139Page 167

إِنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ مُتَبَّرٞ مَّا هُمۡ فِيهِ وَبَٰطِلٞ مَّا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٣٩

Indeed, those [worshippers] - destroyed is that in which they are [engaged], and worthless is whatever they were doing."

﴿إِنَّ هَؤُلاءِ مُتَبَّرٌ مَا هُمْ فِيهِ﴾ أَي: مُفسد.

7:140Page 167

قَالَ أَغَيۡرَ ٱللَّهِ أَبۡغِيكُمۡ إِلَٰهٗا وَهُوَ فَضَّلَكُمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٤٠

He said, "Is it other than Allāh I should desire for you as a god1 while He has preferred you over the worlds?"

No commentary for this ayah

7:141Page 167

وَإِذۡ أَنجَيۡنَٰكُم مِّنۡ ءَالِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ يَسُومُونَكُمۡ سُوٓءَ ٱلۡعَذَابِ يُقَتِّلُونَ أَبۡنَآءَكُمۡ وَيَسۡتَحۡيُونَ نِسَآءَكُمۡۚ وَفِي ذَٰلِكُم بَلَآءٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ عَظِيمٞ ١٤١

And [recall, O Children of Israel], when We saved you from the people of Pharaoh, [who were] afflicting you with the worst torment - killing your sons and keeping your women alive. And in that was a great trial from your Lord.

No commentary for this ayah

7:142Page 167

۞ وَوَٰعَدۡنَا مُوسَىٰ ثَلَٰثِينَ لَيۡلَةٗ وَأَتۡمَمۡنَٰهَا بِعَشۡرٖ فَتَمَّ مِيقَٰتُ رَبِّهِۦٓ أَرۡبَعِينَ لَيۡلَةٗۚ وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِأَخِيهِ هَٰرُونَ ٱخۡلُفۡنِي فِي قَوۡمِي وَأَصۡلِحۡ وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ سَبِيلَ ٱلۡمُفۡسِدِينَ ١٤٢

And We made an appointment with Moses for thirty nights and perfected them by [the addition of] ten; so the term of his Lord was completed as forty nights. And Moses said to his brother Aaron, "Take my place among my people, do right [by them],1 and do not follow the way of the corrupters."

﴿وَوَاعَدْنَا مُوسَى ثَلاثِينَ لَيْلَةً وَأَتْمَمْنَاهَا بِعشر﴾ وَهِيَ: ذُو الْقِعْدَةُ وَعَشْرُ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ.

قَالَ الْكَلْبِيُّ:

إِنَّ مُوسَى لَمَّا قَطَعَ الْبَحْرَ بِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، وَغَرَّقَ اللَّهُ آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ - قَالَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ لِمُوسَى: يَا مُوسَى، ائْتِنَا بكتابٍ مِنْ رَبِّنَا كَمَا وَعَدْتَنَا، وَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّكَ تَأْتِينَا بِهِ إِلَى شَهْرٍ، فَاخْتَارَ مُوسَى مِنْ قَوْمِهِ سَبْعِينَ رَجُلًا لِيَنْطَلِقُوا مَعَهُ، فَلَمَّا تَجَهَّزُوا قَالَ اللَّهُ: يَا مُوسَى، أَخْبِرْ قَوْمَكَ أَنَّكَ لَنْ تَأْتِيَهُمْ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً. وَذَلِكَ حِينَ تَمَّتْ بعشرٍ، فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ مُوسَى بِالسَّبْعِينَ أَمْرَهُمْ أَنْ يَنْتَظِرُوهُ فِي أَسْفَل الْجَبَل (ل ١١٠) وَصَعِدَ مُوسَى الْجَبَلَ، فَكَلَّمَهُ اللَّهُ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْمًا وَأَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً، وَكَتَبَ لَهُ فِيهَا الْأَلْوَاحَ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَدُّوا عِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا وَعِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً؛ فَقَالُوا: قَدْ أَخْلَفْنَا مُوسَى الْوَعْدَ! وَجَعَلَ لَهُمُ السَّامِرِيُّ الْعجل؛ فعبدوه.

7:143Page 167

وَلَمَّا جَآءَ مُوسَىٰ لِمِيقَٰتِنَا وَكَلَّمَهُۥ رَبُّهُۥ قَالَ رَبِّ أَرِنِيٓ أَنظُرۡ إِلَيۡكَۚ قَالَ لَن تَرَىٰنِي وَلَٰكِنِ ٱنظُرۡ إِلَى ٱلۡجَبَلِ فَإِنِ ٱسۡتَقَرَّ مَكَانَهُۥ فَسَوۡفَ تَرَىٰنِيۚ فَلَمَّا تَجَلَّىٰ رَبُّهُۥ لِلۡجَبَلِ جَعَلَهُۥ دَكّٗا وَخَرَّ مُوسَىٰ صَعِقٗاۚ فَلَمَّآ أَفَاقَ قَالَ سُبۡحَٰنَكَ تُبۡتُ إِلَيۡكَ وَأَنَا۠ أَوَّلُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٤٣

And when Moses arrived at Our appointed time and his Lord spoke to him, he said, "My Lord, show me [Yourself] that I may look at You." [Allāh] said, "You will not see Me,1 but look at the mountain; if it should remain in place, then you will see Me." But when his Lord appeared to the mountain, He rendered it level,2 and Moses fell unconscious. And when he awoke, he said, "Exalted are You! I have repented to You, and I am the first [among my people] of the believers."3

﴿وَلما جَاءَ مُوسَى لِمِيقَاتِنَا﴾ الْآيَةَ، قَالَ الْحَسَنُ:

لَمَّا كَلَّمَهُ رَبُّهُ، دَخَلَ قَلْبَ مُوسَى مِنَ السُّرُورِ مِنْ كَلَامِ اللَّهِ مَا لَمْ يَصِلْ إِلَى قَلْبِهِ مِثْلُهُ قَطُّ، فَدَعَتْ مُوسَى نَفْسُهُ إِلَى أَنْ يَسْأَلَ رَبَّهُ أَنْ يُرِيَهُ نَفْسَهُ؛ وَلَوْ كَانَ فِيمَا عَهِدَ إِلَيْهِ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَا يُرَى، لَمْ يَسْأَلْ رَبَّهُ بِمَا يَعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ لَا يُعْطِيهِ إِيَّاهُ.

﴿فَقَالَ رب أَرِنِي أنظر إِلَيْك﴾ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ: ﴿لَنْ تَرَانِي وَلَكِنِ انْظُرْ إِلَى الْجَبَلِ فَإِنِ اسْتَقَرَّ مَكَانَهُ فَسَوْفَ تَرَانِي فَلَمَّا تَجَلَّى ربه للجبل جعله دكا﴾ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: تَفَتَّتِ الْجَبَلُ بَعْضُهُ عَلَى بعضٍ.

قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: وَقِيلَ: جَعَلَهُ دَكًّا؛ أَيْ: أَلْصَقَهُ بِالأَرْضِ؛ يُقَالُ: ناقةٌ دَكَّاءُ؛ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا سنامٌ. وَقِيلَ فِي قَوْله: ﴿تجلى﴾ أَيْ: ظَهَرَ، أَوْ ظَهَرَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ مَا شَاءَ ﴿وَخَرَّ مُوسَى صعقا﴾ أَيْ: سَقَطَ مَيِّتًا.

قَالَ محمدٌ: وَقيل: (صعقاً): مغشياًّ عَلَيْهِ ﴿فَلَمَّا أَفَاق﴾ يَعْنِي: رَدَّ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ حَيَاتَهُ.

﴿قَالَ سُبْحَانَكَ تبت إِلَيْك﴾ أَيْ: مِنْ قَوْلِي: أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْكَ ﴿وَأَنا أول الْمُؤمنِينَ﴾ يَعْنِي: الْمُصَدِّقِينَ بِأَنَّكَ لَا تُرَى فِي الدُّنْيَا.

7:144Page 168

قَالَ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنِّي ٱصۡطَفَيۡتُكَ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ بِرِسَٰلَٰتِي وَبِكَلَٰمِي فَخُذۡ مَآ ءَاتَيۡتُكَ وَكُن مِّنَ ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ ١٤٤

[Allāh] said, "O Moses, I have chosen you over the people with My messages and My words [to you]. So take what I have given you and be among the grateful."

﴿قَالَ يَا مُوسَى إِنِّي اصْطَفَيْتُكَ﴾ اخْتَرْتُك.

7:145Page 168

وَكَتَبۡنَا لَهُۥ فِي ٱلۡأَلۡوَاحِ مِن كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ مَّوۡعِظَةٗ وَتَفۡصِيلٗا لِّكُلِّ شَيۡءٖ فَخُذۡهَا بِقُوَّةٖ وَأۡمُرۡ قَوۡمَكَ يَأۡخُذُواْ بِأَحۡسَنِهَاۚ سَأُوْرِيكُمۡ دَارَ ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ ١٤٥

And We wrote for him on the tablets [something] of all things - instruction and explanation for all things, [saying], "Take them with determination and order your people to take the best of it. I will show you the home of the defiantly disobedient."1

﴿وَكَتَبْنَا لَهُ فِي الأَلْوَاحِ مِنْ كُلِّ شيءٍ مَوْعِظَةً وَتَفْصِيلا لِكُلِّ شيءٍ﴾ أَيْ: تَبِيِّينًا لِكُلِّ مَا أُمِرُوا بِهِ، وَنُهُوا عَنْهُ.

﴿فَخُذْهَا بِقُوَّةٍ﴾ أَيْ: بِجَدٍّ ﴿وَأْمُرْ قَوْمَكَ يَأْخُذُوا بأحسنها﴾ أَيْ: بِمَا أَمَرَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِهِ ﴿سأريكم دَار الْفَاسِقين﴾ يَعْنِي: فِرْعَوْنَ وَقَوْمَهُ؛ وَهِيَ مِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ: ﴿كَذَلِكَ وَأَوْرَثْنَاهَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ﴾.

7:146Page 168

سَأَصۡرِفُ عَنۡ ءَايَٰتِيَ ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَكَبَّرُونَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ بِغَيۡرِ ٱلۡحَقِّ وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ كُلَّ ءَايَةٖ لَّا يُؤۡمِنُواْ بِهَا وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ سَبِيلَ ٱلرُّشۡدِ لَا يَتَّخِذُوهُ سَبِيلٗا وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ سَبِيلَ ٱلۡغَيِّ يَتَّخِذُوهُ سَبِيلٗاۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَكَانُواْ عَنۡهَا غَٰفِلِينَ ١٤٦

I will turn away from My signs those who are arrogant upon the earth without right; and if they should see every sign, they will not believe in it. And if they see the way of consciousness,1 they will not adopt it as a way; but if they see the way of error, they will adopt it as a way. That is because they have denied Our signs and they were heedless of them.

﴿سَأَصْرِفُ عَنْ آيَاتِيَ الَّذِينَ يَتَكَبَّرُونَ فِي الأَرْض﴾ قَالَ الْحَسَنُ: يَقُولُ: سَأَصْرِفُهُمْ عَنْهَا؛ حَتَّى لَا يُؤْمِنُوا بِهَا ﴿وَإِنْ يرَوا سَبِيل الغي﴾ يَعْنِي: الْكفْر ﴿يتخذوه سَبِيلا﴾ أَخْبَرَ بِعِلْمِهِ فِيهِمْ؛ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يُؤمنُونَ أبدا.

7:147Page 168

وَٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَلِقَآءِ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ حَبِطَتۡ أَعۡمَٰلُهُمۡۚ هَلۡ يُجۡزَوۡنَ إِلَّا مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٤٧

Those who denied Our signs and the meeting of the Hereafter - their deeds have become worthless. Are they recompensed except for what they used to do?

No commentary for this ayah

Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences

Contents

Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

Style

Theme
Text size
Layout

Читать на русском