Taha 20:72
Ta-Ha · Juz 16 · Page 316
قَالُواْ لَن نُّؤۡثِرَكَ عَلَىٰ مَا جَآءَنَا مِنَ ٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ وَٱلَّذِي فَطَرَنَاۖ فَٱقۡضِ مَآ أَنتَ قَاضٍۖ إِنَّمَا تَقۡضِي هَٰذِهِ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةَ ٱلدُّنۡيَآ ٧٢
They said, "Never will we prefer you over what has come to us of clear proofs and [over] He who created us.1 So decree whatever you are to decree. You can only decree for this worldly life.
1 translator’s note
- This phrase has also been interpreted as an oath, i.e., "...by Him who created us." ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ash-Shinqiti
Detailed
Change
Commentary on 20:72
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿قالُوا لَنْ نُؤْثِرَكَ عَلى ما جاءَنا مِنَ البَيِّناتِ والَّذِي فَطَرَنا فاقْضِ ما أنْتَ قاضٍ إنَّما تَقْضِي هَذِهِ الحَياةَ الدُّنْيا﴾ .
قَوْلُهُ: لَنْ نُؤْثِرَكَ أيْ: لَنْ نَخْتارَ اتِّباعَكَ وكَوْنُنا مِن حِزْبِكَ، وسَلامَتُنا مِن عَذابِكَ عَلى ما جاءَنا مِنَ البَيِّناتِ. كَمُعْجِزَةِ العَصا الَّتِي أتَتْنا وتَيَقَنّا صِحَّتَها. والواوُ في قَوْلِهِ ﴿والَّذِي فَطَرَنا﴾ عاطِفَةٌ عَلى ”ما“ مِن قَوْلِهِ: عَلى ما جاءَنا أيْ: لَنْ نَخْتارَكَ ﴿عَلى ما جاءَنا مِنَ البَيِّناتِ﴾ ولا عَلى ﴿والَّذِي فَطَرَنا﴾ أيْ: خَلَقَنا وأبْرَزَنا مِنَ العَدَمِ إلى الوُجُودِ. وقِيلَ: هي واوُ القَسَمِ، والمُقْسَمُ عَلَيْهِ مَحْذُوفٌ دَلَّ عَلَيْهِ ما قَبْلَهُ. أيْ: ﴿والَّذِي فَطَرَنا﴾ لا نُؤْثِرُكَ عَلى ما جاءَنا مِنَ البَيِّناتِ فاقْضِ ما أيِ: اصْنَعْ ما أنْتَ صانِعٌ. فَلَسْنا راجِعِينَ عَمّا نَحْنُ عَلَيْهِ ﴿إنَّما تَقْضِي هَذِهِ الحَياةَ الدُّنْيا﴾ أيْ: إنَّما يَنْفُذُ أمْرُكَ فِيها. فَـ ”هَذِهِ“ مَنصُوبٌ عَلى الظَّرْفِ عَلى الأصَحِّ. أيْ: ولَيْسَ فِيها شَيْءٌ يُهِمُّ لِسُرْعَةِ زَوالِها وانْقِضائِها.
وَما ذَكَرَهُ جَلَّ وعَلا عَنْهم في هَذا المَوْضِعِ: مِن ثَباتِهِمْ عَلى الإيمانِ، وعَدَمِ مُبالاتِهِمْ بِتَهْدِيدِ فِرْعَوْنَ ووَعِيدِهِ رَغْبَةً فِيما عِنْدَ اللَّهِ قَدْ ذَكَرَهُ في غَيْرِ هَذا المَوْضِعِ. كَقَوْلِهِ في ”الشُّعَراءِ“ عَنْهم في القِصَّةِ بِعَيْنِها: ﴿قالُوا لا ضَيْرَ إنّا إلى رَبِّنا مُنْقَلِبُونَ﴾ [الشعراء: ٥٠] . وقَوْلِهِ في ”الأعْرافِ“: ﴿قالُوا إنّا إلى رَبِّنا مُنْقَلِبُونَ﴾ ﴿وَما تَنْقِمُ مِنّا إلّا أنْ آمَنّا بِآياتِ رَبِّنا لَمّا جاءَتْنا رَبَّنا أفْرِغْ عَلَيْنا صَبْرًا وتَوَفَّنا مُسْلِمِينَ﴾ [الأعراف: ١٢٥ - ١٢٦] . وقَوْلُهُ: ﴿فاقْضِ ما أنْتَ قاضٍ﴾ عائِدُ الصِّلَةِ مَحْذُوفٌ، أيْ: ما أنْتَ قاضِيهِ لِأنَّهُ مَخْفُوضٌ بِالوَصْفِ، كَما أشارَ لَهُ في الخُلاصَةِ بِقَوْلِهِ:
؎كَذاكَ حَذْفُ ما بِوَصْفٍ خُفِضا كَأنْتَ قاضٍ بَعْدَ أمْرٍ مِن قَضى
وَنَظِيرُهُ مِن كَلامِ العَرَبِ قَوْلُ سَعْدِ بْنِ ناشِبٍ المازِنِيِّ:
؎وَيَصْغُرُ في عَيْنَيْ تِلادِي إذا انْثَنَتْ ∗∗∗ يَمِينِي بِإدْراكِ الَّذِي كُنْتُ طالِبًا
(p-٦٦)أيْ: طالِبَهُ.
Page 316
20:65
قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِمَّآ أَن تُلۡقِيَ وَإِمَّآ أَن نَّكُونَ أَوَّلَ مَنۡ أَلۡقَىٰ ٦٥
They said, "O Moses, either you throw or we will be the first to throw."
20:66
قَالَ بَلۡ أَلۡقُواْۖ فَإِذَا حِبَالُهُمۡ وَعِصِيُّهُمۡ يُخَيَّلُ إِلَيۡهِ مِن سِحۡرِهِمۡ أَنَّهَا تَسۡعَىٰ ٦٦
He said, "Rather, you throw." And suddenly their ropes and staffs seemed to him from their magic that they were moving [like snakes].
20:67
فَأَوۡجَسَ فِي نَفۡسِهِۦ خِيفَةٗ مُّوسَىٰ ٦٧
And he sensed within himself apprehension, did Moses.
20:68
قُلۡنَا لَا تَخَفۡ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلۡأَعۡلَىٰ ٦٨
We [i.e., Allāh] said, "Fear not. Indeed, it is you who are superior.
20:69
وَأَلۡقِ مَا فِي يَمِينِكَ تَلۡقَفۡ مَا صَنَعُوٓاْۖ إِنَّمَا صَنَعُواْ كَيۡدُ سَٰحِرٖۖ وَلَا يُفۡلِحُ ٱلسَّاحِرُ حَيۡثُ أَتَىٰ ٦٩
And throw what is in your right hand; it will swallow up what they have crafted. What they have crafted is but the trick of a magician, and the magician will not succeed wherever he is."
20:70
فَأُلۡقِيَ ٱلسَّحَرَةُ سُجَّدٗا قَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا بِرَبِّ هَٰرُونَ وَمُوسَىٰ ٧٠
So the magicians fell down in prostration.1 They said, "We have believed in the Lord of Aaron and Moses."
1 translator’s note
- After they had seen the miracles which Allāh had given Moses and that they were realities and not merely impressions of magic. ↩
20:71
قَالَ ءَامَنتُمۡ لَهُۥ قَبۡلَ أَنۡ ءَاذَنَ لَكُمۡۖ إِنَّهُۥ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ ٱلَّذِي عَلَّمَكُمُ ٱلسِّحۡرَۖ فَلَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيۡدِيَكُمۡ وَأَرۡجُلَكُم مِّنۡ خِلَٰفٖ وَلَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمۡ فِي جُذُوعِ ٱلنَّخۡلِ وَلَتَعۡلَمُنَّ أَيُّنَآ أَشَدُّ عَذَابٗا وَأَبۡقَىٰ ٧١
[Pharaoh] said, "You believed him [i.e., Moses] before I gave you permission. Indeed, he is your leader who has taught you magic. So I will surely cut off your hands and your feet on opposite sides, and I will crucify you on the trunks of palm trees, and you will surely know which of us is more severe in [giving] punishment and more enduring."
20:72
قَالُواْ لَن نُّؤۡثِرَكَ عَلَىٰ مَا جَآءَنَا مِنَ ٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ وَٱلَّذِي فَطَرَنَاۖ فَٱقۡضِ مَآ أَنتَ قَاضٍۖ إِنَّمَا تَقۡضِي هَٰذِهِ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةَ ٱلدُّنۡيَآ ٧٢
They said, "Never will we prefer you over what has come to us of clear proofs and [over] He who created us.1 So decree whatever you are to decree. You can only decree for this worldly life.
1 translator’s note
- This phrase has also been interpreted as an oath, i.e., "...by Him who created us." ↩
20:73
إِنَّآ ءَامَنَّا بِرَبِّنَا لِيَغۡفِرَ لَنَا خَطَٰيَٰنَا وَمَآ أَكۡرَهۡتَنَا عَلَيۡهِ مِنَ ٱلسِّحۡرِۗ وَٱللَّهُ خَيۡرٞ وَأَبۡقَىٰٓ ٧٣
Indeed, we have believed in our Lord that He may forgive us our sins and what you compelled us [to do] of magic. And Allāh is better and more enduring."1
1 translator’s note
- In reward and in punishment. ↩
20:74
إِنَّهُۥ مَن يَأۡتِ رَبَّهُۥ مُجۡرِمٗا فَإِنَّ لَهُۥ جَهَنَّمَ لَا يَمُوتُ فِيهَا وَلَا يَحۡيَىٰ ٧٤
Indeed, whoever comes to his Lord as a criminal - indeed, for him is Hell; he will neither die therein nor live.
20:75
وَمَن يَأۡتِهِۦ مُؤۡمِنٗا قَدۡ عَمِلَ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمُ ٱلدَّرَجَٰتُ ٱلۡعُلَىٰ ٧٥
But whoever comes to Him as a believer having done righteous deeds - for those will be the highest degrees [in position]:
20:76
جَنَّٰتُ عَدۡنٖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَاۚ وَذَٰلِكَ جَزَآءُ مَن تَزَكَّىٰ ٧٦
Gardens of perpetual residence beneath which rivers flow, wherein they abide eternally. And that is the reward of one who purifies himself.1
1 translator’s note
- From all uncleanliness, the greatest of which is worship and obedience to other than Allāh. ↩