Al-Mu'minun 23:69
The Believers · Juz 18 · Page 346
أَمۡ لَمۡ يَعۡرِفُواْ رَسُولَهُمۡ فَهُمۡ لَهُۥ مُنكِرُونَ ٦٩
Or did they not know their Messenger, so they are toward him disacknowledging?
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Alusi
Detailed
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Commentary on 23:69
﴿أمْ لَمْ يَعْرِفُوا رَسُولَهُمْ﴾ إضْرابٌ وانْتِقالٌ مِنَ التَّوْبِيخِ بِما ذَكَرَ إلى التَّوْبِيخِ بِوَجْهٍ آخَرَ، والهَمْزَةُ لِإنْكارِ الوُقُوعِ أيْضًا أيْ بَلْ ألَمْ يَعْرِفُوهُ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلاةُ والسَّلامُ بِالأمانَةِ والصِّدْقِ وحُسْنِ الأخْلاقِ إلى غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الكِمالاتِ اللّائِقَةِ بِالأنْبِياءِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلامُ.
وقَدْ صَحَّ «أنَّ أبا طالِبٍ يَوْمَ نِكاحِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ خَطَبَ بِمَحْضَرِ رُؤَساءِ مُضَرَ وقُرَيْشٍ فَقالَ: أحْمَدُ اللَّهَ الَّذِي جَعَلَنا مِن ذُرِّيَّةِ إبْراهِيمَ وزَرْعِ إسْماعِيلَ وضَئْضِئْ مُعَدٍّ وعَنْصَرَ مُضِرُ وجَعَلَنا حِضْنَةَ بَيْتِهِ وسْواسَ حَرَمِهِ وجَعَلَ لَنا بَيْتًا مَحْجُوجًا وحَرَمًا آمِنًا وجَعَلَنا الحُكّامُ عَلى النّاسِ ثُمَّ إنَّ ابْنَ أخِي هَذا مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ لا يُوزَنُ بِرَجُلٍ إلّا رَجَحَ بِهِ فَإنْ كانَ في المالِ قُلْ فَإنَّ المالَ ظِلٌّ زائِلٌ وأمْرٌ حائِلٌ ومُحَمَّدٌ مَن قَدْ عَرَفْتُمْ قَرابَتَهُ وقَدْ خَطَبَ خَدِيجَةَ بِنْتَ خُوَيْلِدٍ وبَذَلَ لَها مِنَ الصَّداقِ ما آجِلُهُ وعاجِلُهُ مِن مالِي كَذا وهو واللَّهِ بَعْدَ هَذا لَهُ نَبَأٌ عَظِيمٌ وخَطَرٌ جَلِيلٌ».
وفِي هَذا دَلِيلٌ واضِحٌ عَلى أنَّهم عَرَّفُوهُ ﷺ بِغايَةِ الكَمالِ وإلّا لَأنْكَرُوا قَوْلَ أبِي طالِبٍ فِيهِ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلاةُ والسَّلامُ ما قالَ.
﴿فَهم لَهُ مُنْكِرُونَ﴾ الفاءُ سَبَبِيَّةٌ لِتَسَبُّبِ الإنْكارِ عَنْ عَدَمُ المَعْرِفَةِ فالجُمْلَةُ داخِلَةٌ في حَيِّزِ الإنْكارِ ومَآلِ المَعْنى هم عَرَّفُوهُ بِالكَمالِ اللّائِقِ بِالأنْبِياءِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلامُ فَكَيْفَ يُنْكِرُونَهُ، واللّامُ لِلتَّقْوِيَةِ، وتَقْدِيمُ المَعْمُولِ لِلتَّخْصِيصِ أوِ الفاصِلَةِ، والكَلامُ عَلى تَقْدِيرِ مُضافٍ أيْ مُنْكِرُونَ لِدَعْواهُ أوْ لِرِسالَتِهِ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلاةُ والسَّلامُ.
Page 346
23:60
وَٱلَّذِينَ يُؤۡتُونَ مَآ ءَاتَواْ وَّقُلُوبُهُمۡ وَجِلَةٌ أَنَّهُمۡ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِمۡ رَٰجِعُونَ ٦٠
And they who give what they give while their hearts are fearful1 because they will be returning to their Lord -
1 translator’s note
- Lest their deeds not be acceptable. ↩
23:61
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ يُسَٰرِعُونَ فِي ٱلۡخَيۡرَٰتِ وَهُمۡ لَهَا سَٰبِقُونَ ٦١
It is those who hasten to good deeds, and they outstrip [others] therein.
23:62
وَلَا نُكَلِّفُ نَفۡسًا إِلَّا وُسۡعَهَاۚ وَلَدَيۡنَا كِتَٰبٞ يَنطِقُ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ ٦٢
And We charge no soul except [with that within] its capacity, and with Us is a record which speaks with truth; and they will not be wronged.
23:63
بَلۡ قُلُوبُهُمۡ فِي غَمۡرَةٖ مِّنۡ هَٰذَا وَلَهُمۡ أَعۡمَٰلٞ مِّن دُونِ ذَٰلِكَ هُمۡ لَهَا عَٰمِلُونَ ٦٣
But their hearts are covered with confusion over this, and they have [evil] deeds besides that [i.e., disbelief] which they are doing,
23:64
حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَآ أَخَذۡنَا مُتۡرَفِيهِم بِٱلۡعَذَابِ إِذَا هُمۡ يَجۡـَٔرُونَ ٦٤
Until when We seize their affluent ones with punishment,1 at once they are crying [to Allāh] for help.
1 translator’s note
- In worldly life, before the punishment of the Hereafter. Although general, the description includes specifically the punishment of the Quraysh by famine. ↩
23:65
لَا تَجۡـَٔرُواْ ٱلۡيَوۡمَۖ إِنَّكُم مِّنَّا لَا تُنصَرُونَ ٦٥
Do not cry out today. Indeed, by Us you will not be helped.
23:66
قَدۡ كَانَتۡ ءَايَٰتِي تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فَكُنتُمۡ عَلَىٰٓ أَعۡقَٰبِكُمۡ تَنكِصُونَ ٦٦
My verses had already been recited to you, but you were turning back on your heels
23:67
مُسۡتَكۡبِرِينَ بِهِۦ سَٰمِرٗا تَهۡجُرُونَ ٦٧
In arrogance regarding it,1 conversing by night, speaking evil.
1 translator’s note
- The revelation. Or "him," i.e., the Prophet (ﷺ). ↩
23:68
أَفَلَمۡ يَدَّبَّرُواْ ٱلۡقَوۡلَ أَمۡ جَآءَهُم مَّا لَمۡ يَأۡتِ ءَابَآءَهُمُ ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ ٦٨
Then have they not reflected over the word [i.e., the Qur’ān], or has there come to them that which had not come to their forefathers?
23:69
أَمۡ لَمۡ يَعۡرِفُواْ رَسُولَهُمۡ فَهُمۡ لَهُۥ مُنكِرُونَ ٦٩
Or did they not know their Messenger, so they are toward him disacknowledging?
23:70
أَمۡ يَقُولُونَ بِهِۦ جِنَّةُۢۚ بَلۡ جَآءَهُم بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَأَكۡثَرُهُمۡ لِلۡحَقِّ كَٰرِهُونَ ٧٠
Or do they say, "In him is madness"? Rather, he brought them the truth, but most of them, to the truth, are averse.
23:71
وَلَوِ ٱتَّبَعَ ٱلۡحَقُّ أَهۡوَآءَهُمۡ لَفَسَدَتِ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتُ وَٱلۡأَرۡضُ وَمَن فِيهِنَّۚ بَلۡ أَتَيۡنَٰهُم بِذِكۡرِهِمۡ فَهُمۡ عَن ذِكۡرِهِم مُّعۡرِضُونَ ٧١
But if the Truth [i.e., Allāh] had followed their inclinations, the heavens and the earth and whoever is in them would have been ruined. Rather, We have brought them their message,1 but they, from their message, are turning away.
1 translator’s note
- Or "reminder." ↩
23:72
أَمۡ تَسۡـَٔلُهُمۡ خَرۡجٗا فَخَرَاجُ رَبِّكَ خَيۡرٞۖ وَهُوَ خَيۡرُ ٱلرَّٰزِقِينَ ٧٢
Or do you, [O Muḥammad], ask them for payment? But the reward of your Lord is best, and He is the best of providers.
23:73
وَإِنَّكَ لَتَدۡعُوهُمۡ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٖ مُّسۡتَقِيمٖ ٧٣
And indeed, you invite them to a straight path.
23:74
وَإِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ عَنِ ٱلصِّرَٰطِ لَنَٰكِبُونَ ٧٤
But indeed, those who do not believe in the Hereafter are deviating from the path.