بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Sad 38:9
The Letter "Saad" · Juz 23 · Page 453
أَمۡ عِندَهُمۡ خَزَآئِنُ رَحۡمَةِ رَبِّكَ ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡوَهَّابِ ٩
Or do they have the depositories of the mercy of your Lord, the Exalted in Might, the Bestower?1
1 translator’s note
- Refer to footnote of verse 3:8. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ibn 'Ashur
Detailed
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Commentary on 38:9
﴿أمْ عِنْدَهم خَزائِنُ رَحْمَةِ رَبِّكَ العَزِيزِ الوَهّابِ﴾ (أمْ) مُنْقَطِعَةٌ وهي لِلْإضْرابِ أيْضًا وهو إضْرابٌ انْتِقالِيٌّ، فَإنَّ (أمْ) مُشْعِرَةٌ بِاسْتِفْهامٍ بَعْدَها هو لِلْإنْكارِ والتَّوْبِيخِ إنْكارًا لِقَوْلِهِمْ ﴿أأُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ الذِّكْرُ مِن بَيْنِنا﴾ [ص: ٨] أيْ لَيْسَتْ خَزائِنُ فَضْلِ اللَّهِ تَعالى عِنْدَهم فَيَتَصَدَّوْا لِحِرْمانِ مَن يَشاءُونَ حِرْمانَهُ مِن مَواهِبِ الخَيْرِ، فَإنَّ المَواهِبَ مِنَ اللَّهِ يُصِيبُ بِها مَن يَشاءُ، فَهو يَخْتارُ لِلنُّبُوءَةِ مَن
صفحة ٢١٦
يَصْطَفِيهِ ولَيْسَ الِاخْتِيارُ لَهم فَيَجْعَلُوا مَن لَمْ يُقَدِّمُوهُ عَلَيْهِمْ في دِينِهِمْ غَيْرَ أهْلٍ لِأنْ يَخْتارَهُ اللَّهُ.
وتَقْدِيمُ الظَّرْفِ لِلِاهْتِمامِ لِأنَّهُ مَناطُ الإنْكارِ وهو كَقَوْلِهِ تَعالى ﴿أهم يَقْسِمُونَ رَحْمَةَ رَبِّكَ﴾ [الزخرف: ٣٢] .
والخَزائِنُ: جَمْعُ خِزانَةٍ بِكَسْرِ الخاءِ. وهي البَيْتُ الَّذِي يُخَزَّنُ فِيهِ المالُ أوِ الطَّعامُ، ويُطْلَقُ أيْضًا عَلى صُنْدُوقٍ مِن خَشَبٍ أوْ حَدِيدٍ يُخَزَّنُ فِيهِ المالُ.
والخَزْنُ: الحِفْظُ والحِرْزُ. والرَّحْمَةُ: ما بِهِ رِفْقٌ بِالغَيْرِ وإحْسانٌ إلَيْهِ، شُبِّهَتْ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ بِالشَّيْءِ النَّفِيسِ المَخْزُونِ الَّذِي تَطْمَحُ إلَيْهِ النُّفُوسُ في أنَّهُ لا يُعْطى إلّا بِمَشِيئَةِ خازِنِهِ عَلى طَرِيقَةِ الِاسْتِعارَةِ المَكْنِيَّةِ. وإثْباتُ الخَزائِنِ: تَخْيِيلٌ مِثْلَ إثْباتِ الأظْفارِ لِلْمُنْيَةِ، والإضافَةُ عَلى مَعْنى لامِ الِاخْتِصاصِ.
والعُدُولُ عَنِ اسْمِ الجَلالَةِ إلى وصْفٍ لِأنَّ لَهُ مَزِيدَ مُناسَبَةٍ لِلْغَرَضِ الَّذِي الكَلامُ فِيهِ إيماءً إلى أنَّ تَشْرِيفَهُ إيّاهُ بِالنُّبُوءَةِ مِن آثارِ صِفَةِ رُبُوبِيَّتِهِ لَهُ؛ لِأنَّ وصْفَ الرَّبِّ مُؤْذِنٌ بِالعِنايَةِ والإبْلاغِ إلى الكَمالِ. وأُجْرِيَ عَلى الرَّبِّ صِفَةُ ”العَزِيزِ“ لِإبْطالِ تَدَخُّلِهِمْ في تَصَرُّفاتِهِ، وصِفَةُ ”الوَهّابِ“ لِإبْطالِ جَعْلِهِمُ الحِرْمانَ مِنَ الخَيْرِ تابِعًا لِرَغَباتِهِمْ دُونَ مَوادَّةِ اللَّهِ تَعالى.
والعَزِيزُ: الَّذِي لا يَغْلِبُهُ شَيْءٌ، والوَهّابُ: الكَثِيرُ المَواهِبِ فَإنَّ النُّبُوءَةَ رَحْمَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ فَلا يُخَوَّلُ إعْطاؤُها إلّا لِشَدِيدِ العِزَّةِ وافِرِ المَوْهِبَةِ.
Page 453
سورة ص
Sad
The Letter "Saad" · Meccan · 88 ayahs
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
38:1
صٓۚ وَٱلۡقُرۡءَانِ ذِي ٱلذِّكۡرِ ١
38:2
بَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فِي عِزَّةٖ وَشِقَاقٖ ٢
But those who disbelieve are in pride and dissension.
38:3
كَمۡ أَهۡلَكۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِهِم مِّن قَرۡنٖ فَنَادَواْ وَّلَاتَ حِينَ مَنَاصٖ ٣
How many a generation have We destroyed before them, and they [then] called out; but it was not a time for escape.
38:4
وَعَجِبُوٓاْ أَن جَآءَهُم مُّنذِرٞ مِّنۡهُمۡۖ وَقَالَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَ هَٰذَا سَٰحِرٞ كَذَّابٌ ٤
And they wonder that there has come to them a warner [i.e., Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ)] from among themselves. And the disbelievers say, "This is a magician and a liar.
38:5
أَجَعَلَ ٱلۡأٓلِهَةَ إِلَٰهٗا وَٰحِدًاۖ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَشَيۡءٌ عُجَابٞ ٥
Has he made the gods [only] one God? Indeed, this is a curious thing."
38:6
وَٱنطَلَقَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ مِنۡهُمۡ أَنِ ٱمۡشُواْ وَٱصۡبِرُواْ عَلَىٰٓ ءَالِهَتِكُمۡۖ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَشَيۡءٞ يُرَادُ ٦
And the eminent among them went forth, [saying], "Continue, and be patient over [the defense of] your gods. Indeed, this is a thing intended.1
1 translator’s note
- Planned by Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ) in order to gain influence and prestige for himself. ↩
38:7
مَا سَمِعۡنَا بِهَٰذَا فِي ٱلۡمِلَّةِ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ إِنۡ هَٰذَآ إِلَّا ٱخۡتِلَٰقٌ ٧
We have not heard of this in the latest religion.1 This is not but a fabrication.
1 translator’s note
- Referring to Christianity or possibly the pagan religion of the Quraysh. ↩
38:8
أَءُنزِلَ عَلَيۡهِ ٱلذِّكۡرُ مِنۢ بَيۡنِنَاۚ بَلۡ هُمۡ فِي شَكّٖ مِّن ذِكۡرِيۚ بَل لَّمَّا يَذُوقُواْ عَذَابِ ٨
Has the message been revealed to him out of [all of] us?" Rather, they are in doubt about My message. Rather, they have not yet tasted My punishment.
38:9
أَمۡ عِندَهُمۡ خَزَآئِنُ رَحۡمَةِ رَبِّكَ ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡوَهَّابِ ٩
Or do they have the depositories of the mercy of your Lord, the Exalted in Might, the Bestower?1
1 translator’s note
- Refer to footnote of verse 3:8. ↩
38:10
أَمۡ لَهُم مُّلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَاۖ فَلۡيَرۡتَقُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَسۡبَٰبِ ١٠
Or is theirs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and what is between them? Then let them ascend through [any] ways of access.1
1 translator’s note
- To oversee the affairs of their dominion. ↩
38:11
جُندٞ مَّا هُنَالِكَ مَهۡزُومٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَحۡزَابِ ١١
[They are but] soldiers [who will be] defeated there among the companies [of disbelievers].
38:12
كَذَّبَتۡ قَبۡلَهُمۡ قَوۡمُ نُوحٖ وَعَادٞ وَفِرۡعَوۡنُ ذُو ٱلۡأَوۡتَادِ ١٢
The people of Noah denied before them, and [the tribe of] ʿAad and Pharaoh, the owner of stakes,1
1 translator’s note
- By which he tortured people. ↩
38:13
وَثَمُودُ وَقَوۡمُ لُوطٖ وَأَصۡحَٰبُ لۡـَٔيۡكَةِۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ ٱلۡأَحۡزَابُ ١٣
And [the tribe of] Thamūd and the people of Lot and the companions of the thicket [i.e., people of Madyan]. Those are the companies.1
1 translator’s note
- That were defeated, among whom will be the disbelievers of Quraysh and others. ↩
38:14
إِن كُلٌّ إِلَّا كَذَّبَ ٱلرُّسُلَ فَحَقَّ عِقَابِ ١٤
Each of them denied the messengers, so My penalty was justified.
38:15
وَمَا يَنظُرُ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ إِلَّا صَيۡحَةٗ وَٰحِدَةٗ مَّا لَهَا مِن فَوَاقٖ ١٥
And these [disbelievers] await not but one blast [of the Horn]; for it there will be no delay.1
1 translator’s note
- Or "respite." More literally, "a period between two milkings of a she-camel," which also alludes to the meanings of "return" or "repetition." ↩
38:16
وَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَا عَجِّل لَّنَا قِطَّنَا قَبۡلَ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ١٦
And they say, "Our Lord, hasten for us our share [of the punishment] before the Day of Account."