Tanwir al-Miqbas · Tafsir · in English
لقمان
Luqman
Luqman · Meccan · 34 ayahs
And from his narration on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that he said regarding the interpretation of Allah's saying (Alif. Lam. Mim.): '(Alif. Lam. Mim.) He says: I am Allah, I know; it is also said that it is an oath by which Allah swore.
(These are revelations of the wise Scripture) this surah consists of verses of the Qur'an which explain the lawful and the unlawful, the commands and prohibitions,
(A guidance) from error (and a mercy) shielding from chastisement (for the good) for the sincere ones who believe in Allah's divine Oneness,
31:4Page 411
ٱلَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَيُؤۡتُونَ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَهُم بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ هُمۡ يُوقِنُونَ ٤
Who establish prayer and give zakāh, and they, of the Hereafter, are certain [in faith].
(Those who establish worship) those who perform the five daily prayers with their obligatory ritual ablution, bowing, prostration and that which is enjoined in them within their prescribed times (and pay the poor-due) from their wealth (and have sure faith in the Hereafter) and believe in resurrection after death.
31:5Page 411
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ عَلَىٰ هُدٗى مِّن رَّبِّهِمۡۖ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ ٥
Those are on [right] guidance from their Lord, and it is those who are the successful.
(Such have guidance) have a clear sight and honour (from their Lord. Such are the successful) they are saved from Allah's wrath and chastisement.
31:6Page 411
وَمِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ مَن يَشۡتَرِي لَهۡوَ ٱلۡحَدِيثِ لِيُضِلَّ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ بِغَيۡرِ عِلۡمٖ وَيَتَّخِذَهَا هُزُوًاۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ مُّهِينٞ ٦
And of the people is he who buys the amusement of speech1 to mislead [others] from the way of Allāh without knowledge and who takes it [i.e., His way] in ridicule. Those will have a humiliating punishment.
(And of mankind) the reference here is to al-Nadr Ibn al-Harith (is he who payeth for mere pastime of discourse) discourse of falsehood, books on legends, on the sun, the stars, mathematics and singing; it is also said this means: associating partners with Allah, (that he may mislead) by means of it (from Allah's way) from Allah's religion and obedience (without knowledge) or proof, (and maketh it the butt of mockery. For such there is a shameful doom) for these, there is a severe chastisement.
31:7Page 411
وَإِذَا تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡهِ ءَايَٰتُنَا وَلَّىٰ مُسۡتَكۡبِرٗا كَأَن لَّمۡ يَسۡمَعۡهَا كَأَنَّ فِيٓ أُذُنَيۡهِ وَقۡرٗاۖ فَبَشِّرۡهُ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ ٧
And when Our verses are recited to him, he turns away arrogantly as if he had not heard them, as if there was in his ears deafness. So give him tidings of a painful punishment.
(And when Our revelations) which explain the commands and prohibitions (are recited unto him he turneth away in his pride) too proud to accept faith (as if he heard them not, as if there were a deafness in his ears. So give him) O Muhammad (tidings of a painful doom) and he was killed in captivity on the Day of Badr.
31:8Page 411
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ لَهُمۡ جَنَّٰتُ ٱلنَّعِيمِ ٨
Indeed, those who believe and do righteous deeds - for them are the Gardens of Pleasure,
(Lo! those who believe) in Muhammad (pbuh) and in the Qur'an (and do good works) acts of obedience between them and their Lord, (for them are Gardens of Delight) whose delight is endless,
31:9Page 411
خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَاۖ وَعۡدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقّٗاۚ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٩
Wherein they abide eternally; [it is] the promise of Allāh [which is] truth. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
(Wherein they will abide) for eternity, never to die or leave it. (It is a promise of Allah) to the believers (in truth) truly. (He is the Mighty) in His kingdom and dominion, (the Wise) in His command and decree.
31:10Page 411
خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ بِغَيۡرِ عَمَدٖ تَرَوۡنَهَاۖ وَأَلۡقَىٰ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ رَوَٰسِيَ أَن تَمِيدَ بِكُمۡ وَبَثَّ فِيهَا مِن كُلِّ دَآبَّةٖۚ وَأَنزَلۡنَا مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءٗ فَأَنۢبَتۡنَا فِيهَا مِن كُلِّ زَوۡجٖ كَرِيمٍ ١٠
He created the heavens without pillars that you see and has cast into the earth firmly set mountains, lest it should shift with you, and dispersed therein from every creature. And We sent down rain from the sky and made grow therein [plants] of every noble kind.
(He hath created the heavens without supports that ye can see) it is also said that this means: He created the heavens with supports that you cannot see, (and hath cast into the earth) and created in the earth (firm hills) firm mountains as supports for it, (so that it quake not with you; and He hath dispersed therein) He created and spread in the earth (all kinds of beasts) possessed of spirits. (And We send down water) rain (from the sky and We cause (plants) of every goodly kind to grow therein) in the earth.
31:11Page 411
هَٰذَا خَلۡقُ ٱللَّهِ فَأَرُونِي مَاذَا خَلَقَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن دُونِهِۦۚ بَلِ ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ فِي ضَلَٰلٖ مُّبِينٖ ١١
This is the creation of Allāh. So show Me what those other than Him have created. Rather, the wrongdoers are in clear error.
(This is the Creation of Allah) this is the creation which I have created. (Now show me that which those (ye worship) beside Him) i.e. the idols (have created. Nay, but the wrong-doers) the idolaters (are in error manifest) in manifest error!
31:12Page 412
وَلَقَدۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا لُقۡمَٰنَ ٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ أَنِ ٱشۡكُرۡ لِلَّهِۚ وَمَن يَشۡكُرۡ فَإِنَّمَا يَشۡكُرُ لِنَفۡسِهِۦۖ وَمَن كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَنِيٌّ حَمِيدٞ ١٢
And We had certainly given Luqmān wisdom [and said], "Be grateful to Allāh." And whoever is grateful is grateful for [the benefit of] himself. And whoever denies [His favor] - then indeed, Allāh is Free of need and Praiseworthy.
(And verily We gave Luqman wisdom) knowledge, understanding and right words and actions, (saying: Give thanks unto Allah) by declaring His Oneness and obeying Him; (and whosoever giveth thanks) for His blessings through declaring His divine Oneness and obeying Him, (he giveth thanks for (the good of) his soul) for the reward of his soul. (And whosoever refuseth) and whoever is ungrateful towards His blessings, (lo! Allah is Absolute) free of need for his thanks, (Owner of Praise) for His actions.
31:13Page 412
وَإِذۡ قَالَ لُقۡمَٰنُ لِٱبۡنِهِۦ وَهُوَ يَعِظُهُۥ يَٰبُنَيَّ لَا تُشۡرِكۡ بِٱللَّهِۖ إِنَّ ٱلشِّرۡكَ لَظُلۡمٌ عَظِيمٞ ١٣
And [mention, O Muḥammad], when Luqmān said to his son while he was instructing him, "O my son, do not associate [anything] with Allāh. Indeed, association [with Him] is great injustice."
(And (remember) when Luqman said unto his son) Salam, (when he was exhorting him) when he was enjoining him to do good and forbidding him to engage in evil: (O my dear son! Ascribe no partners unto Allah. Lo! to ascribe partners (unto Him) is a tremendous wrong) it is a great sin which is punished by Allah.
31:14Page 412
وَوَصَّيۡنَا ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ بِوَٰلِدَيۡهِ حَمَلَتۡهُ أُمُّهُۥ وَهۡنًا عَلَىٰ وَهۡنٖ وَفِصَٰلُهُۥ فِي عَامَيۡنِ أَنِ ٱشۡكُرۡ لِي وَلِوَٰلِدَيۡكَ إِلَيَّ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ١٤
And We have enjoined upon man [care] for his parents. His mother carried him, [increasing her] in weakness upon weakness, and his weaning is in two years. Be grateful to Me and to your parents; to Me is the [final] destination.
(And We have enjoined upon man) the reference here is to Sa'd Ibn Abi Waqqas (concerning his parents) that he should be dutiful to them. (His mother beareth him) in her womb (in weakness upon weakness) and hardship upon hardship, the more the child grows in her womb the harder it is for her, (and his weaning is in two years. Give thanks unto Me) through believing in My divine Oneness and by obeying Me (and unto thy parents) by looking after them. (Unto Me is the journeying) your destination and the destination of your parents.
31:15Page 412
وَإِن جَٰهَدَاكَ عَلَىٰٓ أَن تُشۡرِكَ بِي مَا لَيۡسَ لَكَ بِهِۦ عِلۡمٞ فَلَا تُطِعۡهُمَاۖ وَصَاحِبۡهُمَا فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا مَعۡرُوفٗاۖ وَٱتَّبِعۡ سَبِيلَ مَنۡ أَنَابَ إِلَيَّۚ ثُمَّ إِلَيَّ مَرۡجِعُكُمۡ فَأُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٥
But if they endeavor to make you associate with Me that of which you have no knowledge,1 do not obey them but accompany them in [this] world with appropriate kindness and follow the way of those who turn back to Me [in repentance]. Then to Me will be your return, and I will inform you about what you used to do.
(But if they strive with thee to make thee) if they want or command you to (ascribe unto Me as partner that of which thou hast no knowledge) that it is My partner while you know that it is not My partner, (then obey them not) regarding idolatry. (Consort with them in the world kindly) with kindness and beneficence, (and follow the path of him who repenteth unto Me) the religion of him who betakes himself to Me and obeys me, i.e. Muhammad (pbuh). (Then unto Me will be your return) and the return of your parents, (and I shall tell you what ye used to do) of good or evil.
31:16Page 412
يَٰبُنَيَّ إِنَّهَآ إِن تَكُ مِثۡقَالَ حَبَّةٖ مِّنۡ خَرۡدَلٖ فَتَكُن فِي صَخۡرَةٍ أَوۡ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ أَوۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ يَأۡتِ بِهَا ٱللَّهُۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَطِيفٌ خَبِيرٞ ١٦
[And Luqmān said], "O my son, indeed if it [i.e., a wrong] should be the weight of a mustard seed and should be within a rock or [anywhere] in the heavens or in the earth, Allāh will bring it forth. Indeed, Allāh is Subtle1 and Aware.
Allah then went back to Luqman's exhortation, saying: (O my dear son! Lo! though it) i.e. a good deed; it is also said that it refers to provision (be but the weight of a grain of mustard seed, and though it be in a rock) beneath the earth, (or in the heavens) or above the heavens, (or in the earth) or in the belly of the earth, (Allah will bring it forth) to the one it is destined wherever he might be. (Allah is Subtile) in bringing it forth, (Aware) of its location.
31:17Page 412
يَٰبُنَيَّ أَقِمِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَأۡمُرۡ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ وَٱنۡهَ عَنِ ٱلۡمُنكَرِ وَٱصۡبِرۡ عَلَىٰ مَآ أَصَابَكَۖ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ مِنۡ عَزۡمِ ٱلۡأُمُورِ ١٧
O my son, establish prayer, enjoin what is right, forbid what is wrong, and be patient over what befalls you. Indeed, [all] that is of the matters [requiring] resolve.1
(O my dear son! Establish worship) perform the prescribed prayer (and enjoin kindness) through the profession of Allah's divine Oneness and beneficence (and forbid iniquity) idolatry and foul words and deeds, (and persevere whatever may befall thee) throughout. (Lo! That) i.e. enjoining good and forbidding evil; it is also said that this refers to steadfastness (is of the steadfast heart of things) of the best and most resolute of things.
31:18Page 412
وَلَا تُصَعِّرۡ خَدَّكَ لِلنَّاسِ وَلَا تَمۡشِ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ مَرَحًاۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ كُلَّ مُخۡتَالٖ فَخُورٖ ١٨
And do not turn your cheek [in contempt] toward people1 and do not walk through the earth exultantly. Indeed, Allāh does not like everyone self-deluded and boastful.
(Turn not thy cheek in scorn towards folk) do not turn your face away from people out of pride and haughtiness towards them; it is also said that this means: do not belittle the poor among Muslims, (nor walk with pertness the land) displaying hubris and pretentiousness. (Lo! Allah loveth not each braggart) in his walk (boaster) about the blessings of Allah.
31:19Page 412
وَٱقۡصِدۡ فِي مَشۡيِكَ وَٱغۡضُضۡ مِن صَوۡتِكَۚ إِنَّ أَنكَرَ ٱلۡأَصۡوَٰتِ لَصَوۡتُ ٱلۡحَمِيرِ ١٩
And be moderate in your pace and lower your voice; indeed, the most disagreeable of sounds is the voice of donkeys."
(Be modest in thy bearing and subdue your voice) lower your voice and do not be sharp-tongued. (Lo! The harshest of all voices) He says: the most odious and evil of all voices (is the voice of the ass.
31:20Page 413
أَلَمۡ تَرَوۡاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَخَّرَ لَكُم مَّا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَأَسۡبَغَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ نِعَمَهُۥ ظَٰهِرَةٗ وَبَاطِنَةٗۗ وَمِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ مَن يُجَٰدِلُ فِي ٱللَّهِ بِغَيۡرِ عِلۡمٖ وَلَا هُدٗى وَلَا كِتَٰبٖ مُّنِيرٖ ٢٠
Do you not see that Allāh has made subject to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth and amply bestowed upon you His favors, [both] apparent and unapparent? But of the people is he who disputes about Allāh without knowledge or guidance or an enlightening Book [from Him].
See ye not) have you not been informed in the Qur'an (how Allah hath made serviceable) has made subservient (unto you whatsoever is in the skies) the sun, the moon, the stars, the clouds and the rain (and whatsoever is in the earth) the trees and beasts (and hath loaded you with) and perfected for you (His favours both without) through the profession of Allah's divine Oneness (and within) through knowledge; it is also said that " without " refers to the good works that people know, and " within " refers to the evil works that people are not aware of; it is also said that " without " refers to food, drink, money and similar things; whereas " within " refers to plants, fruits, the rain, water, etc; and it is also said that " without " refers to that which Allah blesses one with while " within " refers to that which Allah preserves one from? (Yet of mankind) i.e. al-Nadr Ibn al-Harth (is he who disputeth concerning Allah) who argues about the religion of Allah, (without knowledge or guidance) or proof (or a Scripture giving light) or a Scripture expositing what he says.
31:21Page 413
وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمُ ٱتَّبِعُواْ مَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ قَالُواْ بَلۡ نَتَّبِعُ مَا وَجَدۡنَا عَلَيۡهِ ءَابَآءَنَآۚ أَوَلَوۡ كَانَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ يَدۡعُوهُمۡ إِلَىٰ عَذَابِ ٱلسَّعِيرِ ٢١
And when it is said to them, "Follow what Allāh has revealed," they say, "Rather, we will follow that upon which we found our fathers." Even if Satan was inviting them to the punishment of the Blaze?
(And if it be said unto them) i.e. to the disbelievers of Mecca: (Follow that which Allah hath revealed) to His Prophet of the Qur'an; i.e. recite and act upon what is in it, (they say: Nay, but we follow that wherein we found our fathers) of religion and wont. (What! Even though the devil were inviting them) were inviting their fathers (unto the doom of flame) to disbelief, idolatry and that which leads to the chastisement of the Flame, and still they follow them?
31:22Page 413
۞ وَمَن يُسۡلِمۡ وَجۡهَهُۥٓ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَهُوَ مُحۡسِنٞ فَقَدِ ٱسۡتَمۡسَكَ بِٱلۡعُرۡوَةِ ٱلۡوُثۡقَىٰۗ وَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلۡأُمُورِ ٢٢
And whoever submits his face [i.e., self] to Allāh while he is a doer of good - then he has grasped the most trustworthy handhold. And to Allāh will be the outcome of [all] matters.
(Whosoever surrendereth his purpose to Allah) whoever makes his religion and works sincere to Allah (while doing good) believes sincerely that there is only one true God, (he verily hath grasped the firm hand hold) which will never split up, through " there is no deity except Allah ". (Unto Allah belongeth the sequel of all things) the consequence of things, the states in which they die, will return to Him in the Hereafter.
31:23Page 413
وَمَن كَفَرَ فَلَا يَحۡزُنكَ كُفۡرُهُۥٓۚ إِلَيۡنَا مَرۡجِعُهُمۡ فَنُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا عَمِلُوٓاْۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلِيمُۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ ٢٣
And whoever has disbelieved - let not his disbelief grieve you. To Us is their return, and We will inform them of what they did. Indeed, Allāh is Knowing of that within the breasts.
(And whosoever disbelieveth) in Allah, whether it is from the Quraysh or others, (let not his disbelief) his destruction in his state of disbelief (afflict thee) O Muhammad. (Unto Us is their return) after they die, (and We shall tell them what they did) in their state of disbelief in the life of this world. (Lo! Allah is Aware of what is in the breasts (of men)) whether it is good or evil.
31:24Page 413
نُمَتِّعُهُمۡ قَلِيلٗا ثُمَّ نَضۡطَرُّهُمۡ إِلَىٰ عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٖ ٢٤
We grant them enjoyment for a little; then We will force them to a massive punishment.
(We give them comfort for a little) in the life of this world, (and then We drive them to a heavy doom) to a severe torment, one kind of torment after another.
31:25Page 413
وَلَئِن سَأَلۡتَهُم مَّنۡ خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ ٱللَّهُۚ قُلِ ٱلۡحَمۡدُ لِلَّهِۚ بَلۡ أَكۡثَرُهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٢٥
And if you asked them, "Who created the heavens and earth?" they would surely say, "Allāh." Say, "[All] praise is [due] to Allāh"; but most of them do not know.
(If thou shouldst ask them) O Muhammad: Who created the heavens and the earth? They) the disbelievers of Mecca (would answer: Allah) created them. (Say: Praise be to Allah) gratitude is Allah's, therefore be grateful to Him! (But most of them) all of them (know not) Allah's divine Oneness nor do they give thanks for His blessings.
31:26Page 413
لِلَّهِ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلۡغَنِيُّ ٱلۡحَمِيدُ ٢٦
To Allāh belongs whatever is in the heavens and earth. Indeed, Allāh is the Free of need, the Praiseworthy.
(Unto Allah belongeth whatsoever is in the heavens) of creation (and the earth. Allah, He is the Absolute) He is free of need for His creation, (the Owner of Praise) He Who is praised in His acts.
31:27Page 413
وَلَوۡ أَنَّمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ مِن شَجَرَةٍ أَقۡلَٰمٞ وَٱلۡبَحۡرُ يَمُدُّهُۥ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦ سَبۡعَةُ أَبۡحُرٖ مَّا نَفِدَتۡ كَلِمَٰتُ ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٞ ٢٧
And if whatever trees upon the earth were pens and the sea [was ink], replenished thereafter by seven [more] seas, the words1 of Allāh would not be exhausted. Indeed, Allāh is Exalted in Might and Wise.
(And if all the trees in the earth were pens, and the sea) were ink, (with seven more seas to help it) and seven more seas were ink and were used to write the words of Allah and the knowledge of Allah, (the words of Allah could not be exhausted) the words and knowledge of Allah would not be exhausted; it is also said that this means: Allah's providence would not be exhausted. (Allah is Mighty) in His sovereignty and dominion, (Wise) in His command and decree.
31:28Page 413
مَّا خَلۡقُكُمۡ وَلَا بَعۡثُكُمۡ إِلَّا كَنَفۡسٖ وَٰحِدَةٍۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَمِيعُۢ بَصِيرٌ ٢٨
Your creation and your resurrection will not be but as that of a single soul.1 Indeed, Allāh is Hearing and Seeing.
(Your creation) when He created you (and your raising (from the dead)) when He will resurrect you (are only as (the creation and the raising of) a single soul. Lo! Allah is Hearer) He hears you when you say: " how is Allah going to raise us from the dead? " , (Seer) of your resurrection.
31:29Page 414
أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُولِجُ ٱلَّيۡلَ فِي ٱلنَّهَارِ وَيُولِجُ ٱلنَّهَارَ فِي ٱلَّيۡلِ وَسَخَّرَ ٱلشَّمۡسَ وَٱلۡقَمَرَۖ كُلّٞ يَجۡرِيٓ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٖ مُّسَمّٗى وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٞ ٢٩
Do you not see [i.e., know] that Allāh causes the night to enter the day and causes the day to enter the night and has subjected the sun and the moon, each running [its course] for a specified term, and that Allāh, of whatever you do, is Aware?
(Hast thou not seen) have you not been informed in the Qur'an (how Allah causeth the night to pass into the day) He makes the night longer than the day such that, for example, the night is 15 hours while the day is only nine hours (and causeth the day to pass into the night) He makes the day longer than the night such that, for example, the day consists of 15 hours while the night only of nine hours, (and hath subdued) made subservient (the sun and the moon, each running unto an appointed term) to an appointed time in well know trajectories; (and that Allah is Informed of what ye do) of good or evil?
31:30Page 414
ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلۡحَقُّ وَأَنَّ مَا يَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِهِ ٱلۡبَٰطِلُ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلۡعَلِيُّ ٱلۡكَبِيرُ ٣٠
That is because Allāh is the True Reality, and that what they call upon1 other than Him is falsehood, and because Allāh is the Most High, the Grand.
(That (is so)) in order that you know and believe (because Allah, He is the True) worshipping Him is the Truth, (and that which they invoke) that which they worship (beside Him is the False) is falsehood, (and because Allah, He is the Sublime) more sublime than all things, (the Great) greater than all things.
31:31Page 414
أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱلۡفُلۡكَ تَجۡرِي فِي ٱلۡبَحۡرِ بِنِعۡمَتِ ٱللَّهِ لِيُرِيَكُم مِّنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦٓۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّكُلِّ صَبَّارٖ شَكُورٖ ٣١
Do you not see that ships sail through the sea by the favor of Allāh that He may show you of His signs? Indeed in that are signs for everyone patient and grateful.
(Hast thou not seen) have you not been informed (how the ships glide on the sea by Allah's grace, that He may show you of His wonders? Lo! Therein) in that which I have mentioned (indeed are portents) signs and lessons (for every steadfast) in obedience, (grateful (heart)) for Allah's bounties.
31:32Page 414
وَإِذَا غَشِيَهُم مَّوۡجٞ كَٱلظُّلَلِ دَعَوُاْ ٱللَّهَ مُخۡلِصِينَ لَهُ ٱلدِّينَ فَلَمَّا نَجَّىٰهُمۡ إِلَى ٱلۡبَرِّ فَمِنۡهُم مُّقۡتَصِدٞۚ وَمَا يَجۡحَدُ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآ إِلَّا كُلُّ خَتَّارٖ كَفُورٖ ٣٢
And when waves come over them like canopies, they supplicate Allāh, sincere to Him in religion [i.e., faith]. But when He delivers them to the land, there are [some] of them who are moderate [in faith]. And none rejects Our signs except everyone treacherous and ungrateful.
(And if a wave enshroudeth them like awnings) like the clouds in their tremendousness, (they cry unto Allah, making their faith pure for Him only. But when He bringeth them safe to land, some of them) some of the disbelievers (compromise) in their speech and works, such that they are softer than they were. (None denieth Our signs) Muhammad (pbuh) and the Qur'an (save every traitor ingrate) who disbelieves in Allah and is ungrateful for His bounties.
31:33Page 414
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ ٱتَّقُواْ رَبَّكُمۡ وَٱخۡشَوۡاْ يَوۡمٗا لَّا يَجۡزِي وَالِدٌ عَن وَلَدِهِۦ وَلَا مَوۡلُودٌ هُوَ جَازٍ عَن وَالِدِهِۦ شَيۡـًٔاۚ إِنَّ وَعۡدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقّٞۖ فَلَا تَغُرَّنَّكُمُ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةُ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَلَا يَغُرَّنَّكُم بِٱللَّهِ ٱلۡغَرُورُ ٣٣
O mankind, fear your Lord and fear a Day when no father will avail his son, nor will a son avail his father at all. Indeed, the promise of Allāh is truth, so let not the worldly life delude you and be not deceived about Allāh by the Deceiver [i.e., Satan].
(O mankind) O people of Mecca! (Keep your duty to your Lord) obey your Lord (and fear a Day) fear the torment of a day (when the parent will not be able to avail the child in aught) in relation to Allah's chastisement, (nor the child to avail the parent. Lo! Allah's promise) resurrection after death (is the very truth) will truly take place. (Let not the life of the world) the comfort and adornment of the life of this world (beguile you, nor let the deceiver) Satan; it is also said this means: falsehoods (beguile you, in regard to Allah.
31:34Page 414
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عِندَهُۥ عِلۡمُ ٱلسَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ ٱلۡغَيۡثَ وَيَعۡلَمُ مَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡحَامِۖ وَمَا تَدۡرِي نَفۡسٞ مَّاذَا تَكۡسِبُ غَدٗاۖ وَمَا تَدۡرِي نَفۡسُۢ بِأَيِّ أَرۡضٖ تَمُوتُۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرُۢ ٣٤
Indeed, Allāh [alone] has knowledge of the Hour and sends down the rain and knows what is in the wombs.1 And no soul perceives what it will earn tomorrow, and no soul perceives in what land it will die. Indeed, Allāh is Knowing and Aware.
Lo! Allah! With Him is knowledge of the Hour) knowledge of the advent of the Hour which is kept hidden from the servants. (He sendeth down the rain) He knows when the rain comes down but this is hidden from people, (and knoweth that which is in the wombs) whether it is a male or female, felicitous or damned while this is hidden from the servants. (No soul knoweth what it will earn tomorrow) of good or evil while this is hidden from the servants, (and no soul knoweth in what land it will die) in what manner it will die because it is hidden from the servants. (Lo! Allah is Knower) of His creation, (Aware) of their works and of what touches them of benefit or harm'.
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences